mirror of
https://github.com/systemd/systemd.git
synced 2024-10-29 21:55:36 +03:00
41d6f3bf4d
grep -l -r http:// | xargs sed -E -i s'#http://(.*).freedesktop.org#https://\1.freedesktop.org#'
253 lines
11 KiB
XML
253 lines
11 KiB
XML
<?xml version='1.0'?>
|
||
<!DOCTYPE refentry PUBLIC "-//OASIS//DTD DocBook XML V4.5//EN"
|
||
"http://www.oasis-open.org/docbook/xml/4.2/docbookx.dtd">
|
||
<!-- SPDX-License-Identifier: LGPL-2.1-or-later -->
|
||
|
||
<refentry id="systemd-ask-password"
|
||
xmlns:xi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XInclude">
|
||
|
||
<refentryinfo>
|
||
<title>systemd-ask-password</title>
|
||
<productname>systemd</productname>
|
||
</refentryinfo>
|
||
|
||
<refmeta>
|
||
<refentrytitle>systemd-ask-password</refentrytitle>
|
||
<manvolnum>1</manvolnum>
|
||
</refmeta>
|
||
|
||
<refnamediv>
|
||
<refname>systemd-ask-password</refname>
|
||
<refpurpose>Query the user for a system password</refpurpose>
|
||
</refnamediv>
|
||
|
||
<refsynopsisdiv>
|
||
<cmdsynopsis>
|
||
<command>systemd-ask-password <arg choice="opt" rep="repeat">OPTIONS</arg> <arg choice="opt">MESSAGE</arg></command>
|
||
</cmdsynopsis>
|
||
</refsynopsisdiv>
|
||
|
||
<refsect1>
|
||
<title>Description</title>
|
||
|
||
<para><command>systemd-ask-password</command> may be used to query
|
||
a system password or passphrase from the user, using a question
|
||
message specified on the command line. When run from a TTY it will
|
||
query a password on the TTY and print it to standard output. When
|
||
run with no TTY or with <option>--no-tty</option> it will use the
|
||
system-wide query mechanism, which allows active users to respond via
|
||
several agents, listed below.</para>
|
||
|
||
<para>The purpose of this tool is to query system-wide passwords
|
||
— that is passwords not attached to a specific user account.
|
||
Examples include: unlocking encrypted hard disks when they are
|
||
plugged in or at boot, entering an SSL certificate passphrase for
|
||
web and VPN servers.</para>
|
||
|
||
<para>Existing agents are:
|
||
<itemizedlist>
|
||
|
||
<listitem><para>A boot-time password agent asking the user for
|
||
passwords using
|
||
<citerefentry project='die-net'><refentrytitle>plymouth</refentrytitle><manvolnum>8</manvolnum></citerefentry>,
|
||
</para></listitem>
|
||
|
||
<listitem><para>A boot-time password agent querying the user
|
||
directly on the console —
|
||
<citerefentry><refentrytitle>systemd-ask-password-console.service</refentrytitle><manvolnum>8</manvolnum></citerefentry>,
|
||
</para></listitem>
|
||
|
||
<listitem><para>An agent requesting password input via a
|
||
<citerefentry project='man-pages'><refentrytitle>wall</refentrytitle><manvolnum>1</manvolnum></citerefentry>
|
||
message —
|
||
<citerefentry><refentrytitle>systemd-ask-password-wall.service</refentrytitle><manvolnum>8</manvolnum></citerefentry>,
|
||
</para></listitem>
|
||
|
||
<listitem><para>A TTY agent that is temporarily spawned during
|
||
<citerefentry><refentrytitle>systemctl</refentrytitle><manvolnum>1</manvolnum></citerefentry>
|
||
invocations,</para></listitem>
|
||
|
||
<listitem><para>A command line agent which can be started
|
||
temporarily to process queued password
|
||
requests — <command>systemd-tty-ask-password-agent --query</command>.
|
||
</para></listitem>
|
||
</itemizedlist></para>
|
||
|
||
<para>Answering system-wide password queries is a privileged operation, hence
|
||
all the agents listed above (except for the last one), run as privileged
|
||
system services. The last one also needs elevated privileges, so
|
||
should be run through
|
||
<citerefentry project='die-net'><refentrytitle>sudo</refentrytitle><manvolnum>8</manvolnum></citerefentry>
|
||
or similar.</para>
|
||
|
||
<para>Additional password agents may be implemented according to
|
||
the <ulink url="https://systemd.io/PASSWORD_AGENTS/">systemd Password Agent
|
||
Specification</ulink>.</para>
|
||
|
||
<para>If a password is queried on a TTY, the user may press TAB to
|
||
hide the asterisks normally shown for each character typed.
|
||
Pressing Backspace as first key achieves the same effect.</para>
|
||
|
||
</refsect1>
|
||
|
||
<refsect1>
|
||
<title>Options</title>
|
||
|
||
<para>The following options are understood:</para>
|
||
|
||
<variablelist>
|
||
<varlistentry>
|
||
<term><option>--icon=</option></term>
|
||
|
||
<listitem><para>Specify an icon name alongside the password
|
||
query, which may be used in all agents supporting graphical
|
||
display. The icon name should follow the <ulink
|
||
url="https://standards.freedesktop.org/icon-naming-spec/icon-naming-spec-latest.html">XDG
|
||
Icon Naming Specification</ulink>.</para></listitem>
|
||
</varlistentry>
|
||
|
||
<varlistentry>
|
||
<term><option>--id=</option></term>
|
||
<listitem><para>Specify an identifier for this password
|
||
query. This identifier is freely choosable and allows
|
||
recognition of queries by involved agents. It should include
|
||
the subsystem doing the query and the specific object the
|
||
query is done for. Example:
|
||
<literal>--id=cryptsetup:/dev/sda5</literal>.</para></listitem>
|
||
</varlistentry>
|
||
|
||
<varlistentry>
|
||
<term><option>--keyname=</option></term>
|
||
<listitem><para>Configure a kernel keyring key name to use as
|
||
cache for the password. If set, then the tool will try to push
|
||
any collected passwords into the kernel keyring of the root
|
||
user, as a key of the specified name. If combined with
|
||
<option>--accept-cached</option>, it will also try to retrieve
|
||
such cached passwords from the key in the kernel keyring
|
||
instead of querying the user right away. By using this option,
|
||
the kernel keyring may be used as effective cache to avoid
|
||
repeatedly asking users for passwords, if there are multiple
|
||
objects that may be unlocked with the same password. The
|
||
cached key will have a timeout of 2.5min set, after which it
|
||
will be purged from the kernel keyring. Note that it is
|
||
possible to cache multiple passwords under the same keyname,
|
||
in which case they will be stored as <constant>NUL</constant>-separated list of
|
||
passwords. Use
|
||
<citerefentry project='die-net'><refentrytitle>keyctl</refentrytitle><manvolnum>1</manvolnum></citerefentry>
|
||
to access the cached key via the kernel keyring
|
||
directly. Example: <literal>--keyname=cryptsetup</literal></para></listitem>
|
||
</varlistentry>
|
||
|
||
<varlistentry>
|
||
<term><option>--credential=</option></term>
|
||
<listitem><para>Configure a credential to read the password from – if it exists. This may be used in
|
||
conjunction with the <varname>LoadCredential=</varname> and <varname>SetCredential=</varname>
|
||
settings in unit files. See
|
||
<citerefentry><refentrytitle>systemd.exec</refentrytitle><manvolnum>5</manvolnum></citerefentry> for
|
||
details. If not specified, defaults to <literal>password</literal>. This option has no effect if no
|
||
credentials directory is passed to the program (i.e. <varname>$CREDENTIALS_DIRECTORY</varname> is not
|
||
set) or if the no credential of the specified name exists.</para></listitem>
|
||
</varlistentry>
|
||
|
||
<varlistentry>
|
||
<term><option>--timeout=</option></term>
|
||
|
||
<listitem><para>Specify the query timeout in seconds. Defaults
|
||
to 90s. A timeout of 0 waits indefinitely. </para></listitem>
|
||
</varlistentry>
|
||
|
||
<varlistentry>
|
||
<term><option>--echo=yes|no|masked</option></term>
|
||
|
||
<listitem><para>Controls whether to echo user input. Takes a boolean or the special string
|
||
<literal>masked</literal>, the default being the latter. If enabled the typed characters are echoed
|
||
literally, which is useful for prompting for usernames and other non-protected data. If disabled the
|
||
typed characters are not echoed in any form, the user will not get feedback on their input. If set to
|
||
<literal>masked</literal>, an asterisk (<literal>*</literal>) is echoed for each character
|
||
typed. In this mode, if the user hits the tabulator key (<literal>↹</literal>), echo is turned
|
||
off. (Alternatively, if the user hits the backspace key (<literal>⌫</literal>) while no data has
|
||
been entered otherwise, echo is turned off, too).</para></listitem>
|
||
</varlistentry>
|
||
|
||
<varlistentry>
|
||
<term><option>--echo</option></term>
|
||
<term><option>-e</option></term>
|
||
|
||
<listitem><para>Equivalent to <option>--echo=yes</option>, see above.</para></listitem>
|
||
</varlistentry>
|
||
|
||
<varlistentry>
|
||
<term><option>--emoji=yes|no|auto</option></term>
|
||
|
||
<listitem><para>Controls whether or not to prefix the query with a
|
||
lock and key emoji (🔐), if the TTY settings permit this. The default
|
||
is <literal>auto</literal>, which defaults to <literal>yes</literal>,
|
||
unless <option>--echo=yes</option> is given.</para></listitem>
|
||
</varlistentry>
|
||
|
||
<varlistentry>
|
||
<term><option>--no-tty</option></term>
|
||
|
||
<listitem><para>Never ask for password on current TTY even if
|
||
one is available. Always use agent system.</para></listitem>
|
||
</varlistentry>
|
||
|
||
<varlistentry>
|
||
<term><option>--accept-cached</option></term>
|
||
|
||
<listitem><para>If passed, accept cached passwords, i.e.
|
||
passwords previously entered.</para></listitem>
|
||
</varlistentry>
|
||
|
||
<varlistentry>
|
||
<term><option>--multiple</option></term>
|
||
|
||
<listitem><para>When used in conjunction with
|
||
<option>--accept-cached</option> accept multiple passwords.
|
||
This will output one password per line.</para></listitem>
|
||
</varlistentry>
|
||
|
||
<varlistentry>
|
||
<term><option>--no-output</option></term>
|
||
|
||
<listitem><para>Do not print passwords to standard output. This is useful if you want to store a
|
||
password in kernel keyring with <option>--keyname=</option> but do not want it to show up on screen
|
||
or in logs.</para></listitem>
|
||
</varlistentry>
|
||
|
||
<varlistentry>
|
||
<term><option>-n</option></term>
|
||
|
||
<listitem><para>By default, when writing the acquired password to standard output it is suffixed by a
|
||
newline character. This may be turned off with the <option>-n</option> switch, similar to the switch
|
||
of the same name of the <citerefentry
|
||
project='man-pages'><refentrytitle>echo</refentrytitle><manvolnum>1</manvolnum></citerefentry>
|
||
command.</para></listitem>
|
||
</varlistentry>
|
||
|
||
<xi:include href="standard-options.xml" xpointer="help" />
|
||
</variablelist>
|
||
|
||
</refsect1>
|
||
|
||
<refsect1>
|
||
<title>Exit status</title>
|
||
|
||
<para>On success, 0 is returned, a non-zero failure code
|
||
otherwise.</para>
|
||
</refsect1>
|
||
|
||
<refsect1>
|
||
<title>See Also</title>
|
||
<para>
|
||
<citerefentry><refentrytitle>systemd</refentrytitle><manvolnum>1</manvolnum></citerefentry>,
|
||
<citerefentry><refentrytitle>systemd-ask-password-console.service</refentrytitle><manvolnum>8</manvolnum></citerefentry>,
|
||
<citerefentry><refentrytitle>systemd-tty-ask-password-agent</refentrytitle><manvolnum>1</manvolnum></citerefentry>,
|
||
<citerefentry project='die-net'><refentrytitle>keyctl</refentrytitle><manvolnum>1</manvolnum></citerefentry>,
|
||
<citerefentry project='die-net'><refentrytitle>plymouth</refentrytitle><manvolnum>8</manvolnum></citerefentry>,
|
||
<citerefentry project='man-pages'><refentrytitle>wall</refentrytitle><manvolnum>1</manvolnum></citerefentry>
|
||
</para>
|
||
</refsect1>
|
||
|
||
</refentry>
|