systemd/man/sysctl.d.xml

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  Copyright 2011 Lennart Poettering

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<refentry id="sysctl.d">

        <refentryinfo>
                <title>sysctl.d</title>
                <productname>systemd</productname>

                <authorgroup>
                        <author>
                                <contrib>Developer</contrib>
                                <firstname>Lennart</firstname>
                                <surname>Poettering</surname>
                                <email>lennart@poettering.net</email>
                        </author>
                </authorgroup>
        </refentryinfo>

        <refmeta>
                <refentrytitle>sysctl.d</refentrytitle>
                <manvolnum>5</manvolnum>
        </refmeta>

        <refnamediv>
                <refname>sysctl.d</refname>
                <refpurpose>Configure kernel parameters at boot</refpurpose>
        </refnamediv>

        <refsynopsisdiv>
                <para><filename>/etc/sysctl.d/*.conf</filename></para>
                <para><filename>/run/sysctl.d/*.conf</filename></para>
                <para><filename>/usr/lib/sysctl.d/*.conf</filename></para>
        </refsynopsisdiv>

        <refsect1>
                <title>Description</title>

                <para>At boot,
                <citerefentry><refentrytitle>systemd-sysctl.service</refentrytitle><manvolnum>8</manvolnum></citerefentry>
                reads configuration files from the above directories
                to configure
                <citerefentry><refentrytitle>sysctl</refentrytitle><manvolnum>8</manvolnum></citerefentry>
                kernel parameters.</para>
        </refsect1>

        <refsect1>
                <title>Configuration Format</title>

                <para>The configuration files contain a list of
                variable assignments, separated by newlines. Empty
                lines and lines whose first non-whitespace character
                is <literal>#</literal> or <literal>;</literal> are
                ignored.</para>

                <para>Note that either <literal>/</literal> or
                <literal>.</literal> may be used as separators within
                sysctl variable names. If the first separator is a
                slash, remaining slashes and dots are left intact. If
                the first separator is a dot, dots and slashes are
                interchanged. <literal>kernel.domainname=foo</literal>
                and <literal>kernel/domainname=foo</literal> are
                equivalent and will cause <literal>foo</literal> to
                be written to
                <filename>/proc/sys/kernel/domainname</filename>.
                Either
                <literal>net.ipv4.conf.enp3s0/200.forwarding</literal>
                or
                <literal>net/ipv4/conf/enp3s0.200/forwarding</literal>
                may be used to refer to
                <filename>/proc/sys/net/ipv4/conf/enp3s0.200/forwarding</filename>.
                </para>

                <para>Each configuration file shall be named in the
                style of <filename><replaceable>program</replaceable>.conf</filename>.
                Files in <filename>/etc/</filename> override files
                with the same name in <filename>/usr/lib/</filename>
                and <filename>/run/</filename>.  Files in
                <filename>/run/</filename> override files with the same
                name in <filename>/usr/lib/</filename>. Packages
                should install their configuration files in
                <filename>/usr/lib/</filename>. Files in
                <filename>/etc/</filename> are reserved for the local
                administrator, who may use this logic to override the
                configuration files installed by vendor packages. All
                configuration files are sorted by their filename in
                lexicographic order, regardless of which of the
                directories they reside in. If multiple files specify the
                same variable name, the entry in the file with the
                lexicographically latest name will be applied. It is
                recommended to prefix all filenames with a two-digit
                number and a dash, to simplify the ordering of the
                files.</para>

                <para>If the administrator wants to disable a
                configuration file supplied by the vendor, the
                recommended way is to place a symlink to
                <filename>/dev/null</filename> in
                <filename>/etc/sysctl.d/</filename> bearing the
                same filename.</para>

                <para>The settings configured with
                <filename>sysctl.d</filename> files will be applied
                early on boot. The network interface-specific options
                will also be applied individually for each network
                interface as it shows up in the system. (More
                specifically,
                <filename>net.ipv4.conf.*</filename>,
                <filename>net.ipv6.conf.*</filename>,
                <filename>net.ipv4.neigh.*</filename> and <filename>net.ipv6.neigh.*</filename>)</para>
        </refsect1>

        <refsect1>
                <title>Example</title>
                <example>
                        <title>/etc/sysctl.d/domain-name.conf example:</title>

                        <programlisting># Set kernel YP domain name
kernel.domainname=example.com</programlisting>
                </example>
        </refsect1>

        <refsect1>
                <title>See Also</title>
                <para>
                        <citerefentry><refentrytitle>systemd</refentrytitle><manvolnum>1</manvolnum></citerefentry>,
                        <citerefentry><refentrytitle>systemd-sysctl.service</refentrytitle><manvolnum>8</manvolnum></citerefentry>,
                        <citerefentry><refentrytitle>systemd-delta</refentrytitle><manvolnum>1</manvolnum></citerefentry>,
                        <citerefentry><refentrytitle>sysctl</refentrytitle><manvolnum>8</manvolnum></citerefentry>,
                        <citerefentry><refentrytitle>sysctl.conf</refentrytitle><manvolnum>5</manvolnum></citerefentry>
                </para>
        </refsect1>

</refentry>