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https://github.com/systemd/systemd.git
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ccc9a4f9ff
New sections are added: PAM options, crypttab options, commandline options, miscellaneous. The last category will be used for all untagged <varname> elements. Commandline options sections is meant to be a developer tool: when adding an option it is sometimes useful to be able to check if similarly named options exist elsewhere.
1327 lines
70 KiB
XML
1327 lines
70 KiB
XML
<?xml version='1.0'?> <!--*-nxml-*-->
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<!DOCTYPE refentry PUBLIC "-//OASIS//DTD DocBook XML V4.2//EN"
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"http://www.oasis-open.org/docbook/xml/4.2/docbookx.dtd">
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<!--
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This file is part of systemd.
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Copyright 2010 Lennart Poettering
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systemd is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
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under the terms of the GNU Lesser General Public License as published by
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the Free Software Foundation; either version 2.1 of the License, or
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(at your option) any later version.
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systemd is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but
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WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
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MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU
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Lesser General Public License for more details.
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You should have received a copy of the GNU Lesser General Public License
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along with systemd; If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
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-->
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<refentry id="systemctl">
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<refentryinfo>
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<title>systemctl</title>
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<productname>systemd</productname>
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<authorgroup>
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<author>
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<contrib>Developer</contrib>
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<firstname>Lennart</firstname>
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<surname>Poettering</surname>
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<email>lennart@poettering.net</email>
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</author>
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</authorgroup>
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</refentryinfo>
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<refmeta>
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<refentrytitle>systemctl</refentrytitle>
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<manvolnum>1</manvolnum>
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</refmeta>
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<refnamediv>
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<refname>systemctl</refname>
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<refpurpose>Control the systemd system and service manager</refpurpose>
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</refnamediv>
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<refsynopsisdiv>
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<cmdsynopsis>
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<command>systemctl <arg choice="opt" rep="repeat">OPTIONS</arg> <arg choice="req">COMMAND</arg> <arg choice="opt" rep="repeat">NAME</arg></command>
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</cmdsynopsis>
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</refsynopsisdiv>
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<refsect1>
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<title>Description</title>
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<para><command>systemctl</command> may be used to
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introspect and control the state of the
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<citerefentry><refentrytitle>systemd</refentrytitle><manvolnum>1</manvolnum></citerefentry>
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system and service manager.</para>
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</refsect1>
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<refsect1>
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<title>Options</title>
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<para>The following options are understood:</para>
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<variablelist>
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<varlistentry>
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<term><option>--help</option></term>
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<term><option>-h</option></term>
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<listitem><para>Prints a short help
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text and exits.</para></listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry>
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<term><option>--version</option></term>
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<listitem><para>Prints a short version
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string and exits.</para></listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry>
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<term><option>--type=</option></term>
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<term><option>-t</option></term>
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<listitem><para>The argument should
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be a unit type name such as
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<option>service</option> and
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<option>socket</option>,
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or a unit load state such as
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<option>loaded</option> and
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<option>masked</option>.
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</para>
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<para>If the argument is a unit type,
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when listing units, limit display to
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certain unit types. If not specified
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units of all types will be shown.</para>
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<para>If the argument is a unit load state,
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when listing units, limit display to
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certain unit types. If not specified
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units of in all load states will be
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shown.</para>
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<para>As a special case, if the argument
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is <option>help</option>, a list of
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allowed values will be printed and the
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program will exit.</para>
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</listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry>
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<term><option>--property=</option></term>
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<term><option>-p</option></term>
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<listitem><para>When showing
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unit/job/manager properties, limit
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display to certain properties as
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specified as argument. If not
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specified all set properties are
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shown. The argument should be a
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property name, such as
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<literal>MainPID</literal>. If
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specified more than once all
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properties with the specified names
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are shown.</para></listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry>
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<term><option>--all</option></term>
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<term><option>-a</option></term>
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<listitem><para>When listing units,
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show all units, regardless of their
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state, including inactive units. When
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showing unit/job/manager properties,
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show all properties regardless whether
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they are set or not.</para></listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry>
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<term><option>--failed</option></term>
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<listitem><para>When listing units,
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show only failed units. Do not confuse
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with
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<option>--fail</option>.</para></listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry>
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<term><option>--full</option></term>
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<listitem><para>Do not ellipsize unit
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names, cgroup members, and truncate unit descriptions
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in the output of
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<command>list-units</command> and
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<command>list-jobs</command>.</para></listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry>
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<term><option>--fail</option></term>
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<listitem><para>If the requested
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operation conflicts with a pending
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unfinished job, fail the command. If
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this is not specified the requested
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operation will replace the pending job,
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if necessary. Do not confuse
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with
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<option>--failed</option>.</para></listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry>
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<term><option>--ignore-dependencies</option></term>
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<listitem><para>When enqueuing a new
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job ignore all its dependencies and
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execute it immediately. If passed no
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required units of the unit passed will
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be pulled in, and no ordering
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dependencies will be honored. This is
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mostly a debugging and rescue tool for
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the administrator and should not be
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used by
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applications.</para></listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry>
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<term><option>-i</option></term>
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<term><option>--ignore-inhibitors</option></term>
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<listitem><para>When system shutdown
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or a sleep state is requested, ignore
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inhibitor locks. Applications can
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establish inhibitor locks to avoid
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that certain important operations
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(such as CD burning or suchlike) are
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interrupted by system shutdown or a
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sleep state. Any user may take these
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locks and privileged users may
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override these locks. If any locks are
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taken, shutdown and sleep state
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requests will normally fail
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(regardless if privileged or not) and
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list of active locks is
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printed. However if
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<option>--ignore-inhibitors</option>
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is specified the locks are ignored and
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not printed, and the operation
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attempted anyway, possibly requiring
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additional
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privileges.</para></listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry>
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<term><option>--quiet</option></term>
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<term><option>-q</option></term>
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<listitem><para>Suppress output to
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STDOUT in
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<command>snapshot</command>,
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<command>is-active</command>,
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<command>is-failed</command>,
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<command>enable</command> and
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<command>disable</command>.</para></listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry>
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<term><option>--no-block</option></term>
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<listitem><para>Do not synchronously wait for
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the requested operation to finish. If this is
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not specified the job will be verified,
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enqueued and <command>systemctl</command> will
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wait until it is completed. By passing this
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argument it is only verified and
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enqueued.</para></listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry>
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<term><option>--no-legend</option></term>
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<listitem><para>Do not print a legend, i.e.
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the column headers and the footer with hints.
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</para></listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry>
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<term><option>--no-pager</option></term>
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<listitem><para>Do not pipe output into a
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pager.</para></listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry>
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<term><option>--system</option></term>
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<listitem><para>Talk to the systemd
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system manager. (Default)</para></listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry>
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<term><option>--user</option></term>
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<listitem><para>Talk to the systemd
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manager of the calling user.</para></listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry>
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<term><option>--order</option></term>
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<term><option>--require</option></term>
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<listitem><para>When used in
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conjunction with the
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<command>dot</command> command (see
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below), selects which dependencies are
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shown in the dependency graph. If
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<option>--order</option> is passed
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only dependencies of type
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<varname>After=</varname> or
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<varname>Before=</varname> are
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shown. If <option>--require</option>
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is passed only dependencies of type
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<varname>Requires=</varname>,
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<varname>RequiresOverridable=</varname>,
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<varname>Requisite=</varname>,
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<varname>RequisiteOverridable=</varname>,
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<varname>Wants=</varname> and
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<varname>Conflicts=</varname> are
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shown. If neither is passed, shows
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dependencies of all these
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types.</para></listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry>
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<term><option>--no-wall</option></term>
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<listitem><para>Don't send wall
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message before
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halt, power-off, reboot.</para></listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry>
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<term><option>--global</option></term>
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<listitem><para>When used with
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<command>enable</command> and
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<command>disable</command>, operate on the
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global user configuration
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directory, thus enabling or disabling
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a unit file globally for all future
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logins of all users.</para></listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry>
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<term><option>--no-reload</option></term>
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<listitem><para>When used with
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<command>enable</command> and
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<command>disable</command>, do not
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implicitly reload daemon configuration
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after executing the
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changes.</para></listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry>
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<term><option>--no-ask-password</option></term>
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<listitem><para>When used with
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<command>start</command> and related
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commands, disables asking for
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passwords. Background services may
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require input of a password or
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passphrase string, for example to
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unlock system hard disks or
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cryptographic certificates. Unless
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this option is specified and the
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command is invoked from a terminal
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<command>systemctl</command> will
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query the user on the terminal for the
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necessary secrets. Use this option to
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switch this behavior off. In this case
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the password must be supplied by some
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other means (for example graphical
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password agents) or the service might
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fail. This also disables querying the
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user for authentication for privileged
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operations.</para></listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry>
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<term><option>--kill-who=</option></term>
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<listitem><para>When used with
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<command>kill</command>, choose which
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processes to kill. Must be one of
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<option>main</option>,
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<option>control</option> or
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<option>all</option> to select whether
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to kill only the main process of the
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unit, the control process or all
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processes of the unit. If omitted
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defaults to
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<option>all</option>.</para></listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry>
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<term><option>--signal=</option></term>
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<term><option>-s</option></term>
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<listitem><para>When used with
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<command>kill</command>, choose which
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signal to send to selected
|
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processes. Must be one of the well
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known signal specifiers such as
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SIGTERM, SIGINT or SIGSTOP. If
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omitted defaults to
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<option>SIGTERM</option>.</para></listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry>
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<term><option>--force</option></term>
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<term><option>-f</option></term>
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<listitem><para>When used with
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<command>enable</command>, overwrite any
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existing conflicting
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symlinks.</para></listitem>
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<listitem><para>When used with
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<command>halt</command>,
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<command>poweroff</command>,
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<command>reboot</command> or
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<command>kexec</command> execute the
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selected operation without shutting
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down all units. However, all processes
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will be killed forcibly and all file
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systems are unmounted or remounted
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read-only. This is hence a drastic but
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relatively safe option to request an
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immediate reboot. If
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<option>--force</option> is specified
|
|
twice for these operations, they will
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be executed immediately without
|
|
terminating any processes or umounting
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any file systems. Warning: specifying
|
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<option>--force</option> twice with
|
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any of these operations might result
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in data loss.</para></listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry>
|
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<term><option>--root=</option></term>
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<listitem><para>When used with
|
|
<command>enable</command>/<command>disable</command>/<command>is-enabled</command> (and
|
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related commands), use alternative
|
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root path when looking for unit
|
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files.</para></listitem>
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</varlistentry>
|
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<varlistentry>
|
|
<term><option>--runtime</option></term>
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|
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<listitem><para>When used with
|
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<command>enable</command>/<command>disable</command>/<command>is-enabled</command> (and related commands), make
|
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changes only temporarily, so that they
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are dropped on the next reboot. This
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will have the effect that changes are
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not made in subdirectories of
|
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<filename>/etc</filename> but in
|
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<filename>/run</filename>, with
|
|
identical immediate effects, however,
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since the latter is lost on reboot,
|
|
the changes are lost
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too.</para></listitem>
|
|
</varlistentry>
|
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|
<varlistentry>
|
|
<term><option>-H</option></term>
|
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<term><option>--host</option></term>
|
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|
<listitem><para>Execute operation
|
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remotely. Specify a hostname, or
|
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username and hostname separated by @,
|
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to connect to. This will use SSH to
|
|
talk to the remote systemd
|
|
instance.</para></listitem>
|
|
</varlistentry>
|
|
|
|
<varlistentry>
|
|
<term><option>-P</option></term>
|
|
<term><option>--privileged</option></term>
|
|
|
|
<listitem><para>Acquire privileges via
|
|
PolicyKit before executing the
|
|
operation.</para></listitem>
|
|
</varlistentry>
|
|
|
|
<varlistentry>
|
|
<term><option>--lines=</option></term>
|
|
<term><option>-n</option></term>
|
|
|
|
<listitem><para>When used with
|
|
<command>status</command> controls the
|
|
number of journal lines to show,
|
|
counting from the most recent
|
|
ones. Takes a positive integer
|
|
argument. Defaults to
|
|
10.</para></listitem>
|
|
</varlistentry>
|
|
|
|
<varlistentry>
|
|
<term><option>--output=</option></term>
|
|
<term><option>-o</option></term>
|
|
|
|
<listitem><para>When used with
|
|
<command>status</command> controls the
|
|
formatting of the journal entries that
|
|
are shown. For the available choices
|
|
see
|
|
<citerefentry><refentrytitle>journalctl</refentrytitle><manvolnum>1</manvolnum></citerefentry>. Defaults
|
|
to
|
|
<literal>short</literal>.</para></listitem>
|
|
</varlistentry>
|
|
|
|
</variablelist>
|
|
|
|
<para>The following commands are understood:</para>
|
|
|
|
<variablelist>
|
|
<varlistentry>
|
|
<term><command>list-units</command></term>
|
|
|
|
<listitem><para>List known units.</para></listitem>
|
|
</varlistentry>
|
|
<varlistentry>
|
|
<term><command>start [NAME...]</command></term>
|
|
|
|
<listitem><para>Start (activate) one
|
|
or more units specified on the command
|
|
line.</para></listitem>
|
|
</varlistentry>
|
|
<varlistentry>
|
|
<term><command>stop [NAME...]</command></term>
|
|
|
|
<listitem><para>Stop (deactivate) one
|
|
or more units specified on the command
|
|
line.</para></listitem>
|
|
</varlistentry>
|
|
<varlistentry>
|
|
<term><command>reload [NAME...]</command></term>
|
|
|
|
<listitem><para>Asks all units listed
|
|
on the command line to reload their
|
|
configuration. Note that this will
|
|
reload the service-specific
|
|
configuration, not the unit
|
|
configuration file of systemd. If you
|
|
want systemd to reload the
|
|
configuration file of a unit use the
|
|
<command>daemon-reload</command>
|
|
command. In other words: for the
|
|
example case of Apache, this will
|
|
reload Apache's
|
|
<filename>httpd.conf</filename> in the
|
|
web server, not the
|
|
<filename>apache.service</filename>
|
|
systemd unit file. </para>
|
|
|
|
<para>This command should not be
|
|
confused with the
|
|
<command>daemon-reload</command> or
|
|
<command>load</command>
|
|
commands.</para></listitem>
|
|
|
|
</varlistentry>
|
|
<varlistentry>
|
|
<term><command>restart [NAME...]</command></term>
|
|
|
|
<listitem><para>Restart one or more
|
|
units specified on the command
|
|
line. If the units are not running yet
|
|
they will be
|
|
started.</para></listitem>
|
|
</varlistentry>
|
|
<varlistentry>
|
|
<term><command>try-restart [NAME...]</command></term>
|
|
|
|
<listitem><para>Restart one or more
|
|
units specified on the command
|
|
line if the units are running. Do
|
|
nothing if units are not running.
|
|
Note that for compatibility
|
|
with Red Hat init scripts
|
|
<command>condrestart</command> is
|
|
equivalent to this command.</para></listitem>
|
|
</varlistentry>
|
|
<varlistentry>
|
|
<term><command>reload-or-restart [NAME...]</command></term>
|
|
|
|
<listitem><para>Reload one or more
|
|
units if they support it. If not,
|
|
restart them instead. If the units
|
|
are not running yet they will be
|
|
started.</para></listitem>
|
|
</varlistentry>
|
|
<varlistentry>
|
|
<term><command>reload-or-try-restart [NAME...]</command></term>
|
|
|
|
<listitem><para>Reload one or more
|
|
units if they support it. If not,
|
|
restart them instead. Do nothing if
|
|
the units are not running. Note that
|
|
for compatibility with SysV init
|
|
scripts
|
|
<command>force-reload</command> is
|
|
equivalent to this
|
|
command.</para></listitem>
|
|
</varlistentry>
|
|
<varlistentry>
|
|
<term><command>isolate [NAME]</command></term>
|
|
|
|
<listitem><para>Start the unit
|
|
specified on the command line and its
|
|
dependencies and stop all others.</para>
|
|
|
|
<para>This is similar to changing the
|
|
runlevel in a traditional init system. The
|
|
<command>isolate</command> command will
|
|
immediately stop processes that are not
|
|
enabled in the new unit, possibly including
|
|
the graphical environment or terminal you
|
|
are currently using.</para>
|
|
|
|
<para>Note that this works only on units
|
|
where <option>AllowIsolate=</option> is
|
|
enabled. See
|
|
<citerefentry><refentrytitle>systemd.unit</refentrytitle><manvolnum>5</manvolnum></citerefentry>
|
|
for details.</para></listitem>
|
|
</varlistentry>
|
|
<varlistentry>
|
|
<term><command>kill [NAME...]</command></term>
|
|
|
|
<listitem><para>Send a signal to one
|
|
or more processes of the unit. Use
|
|
<option>--kill-who=</option> to select
|
|
which process to kill. Use
|
|
<option>--kill-mode=</option> to
|
|
select the kill mode and
|
|
<option>--signal=</option> to select
|
|
the signal to send.</para></listitem>
|
|
</varlistentry>
|
|
<varlistentry>
|
|
<term><command>is-active [NAME...]</command></term>
|
|
|
|
<listitem><para>Check whether any of
|
|
the specified units are active
|
|
(i.e. running). Returns an exit code
|
|
0 if at least one is active, non-zero
|
|
otherwise. Unless
|
|
<option>--quiet</option> is specified
|
|
this will also print the current unit
|
|
state to STDOUT.</para></listitem>
|
|
</varlistentry>
|
|
<varlistentry>
|
|
<term><command>is-failed [NAME...]</command></term>
|
|
|
|
<listitem><para>Check whether any of
|
|
the specified units are failed.
|
|
Returns an exit code
|
|
0 if at least one is failed, non-zero
|
|
otherwise. Unless
|
|
<option>--quiet</option> is specified
|
|
this will also print the current unit
|
|
state to STDOUT.</para></listitem>
|
|
</varlistentry>
|
|
<varlistentry>
|
|
<term><command>status [NAME...|PID...]</command></term>
|
|
|
|
<listitem><para>Show terse runtime
|
|
status information about one or more
|
|
units, followed by its most recent log
|
|
data from the journal. This function
|
|
is intended to generate human-readable
|
|
output. If you are looking for
|
|
computer-parsable output, use
|
|
<command>show</command> instead. If a
|
|
PID is passed information about the
|
|
unit the process of the PID belongs to
|
|
is shown.</para></listitem>
|
|
</varlistentry>
|
|
<varlistentry>
|
|
<term><command>show [NAME...|JOB...]</command></term>
|
|
|
|
<listitem><para>Show properties of one
|
|
or more units, jobs or the manager
|
|
itself. If no argument is specified
|
|
properties of the manager will be
|
|
shown. If a unit name is specified
|
|
properties of the unit is shown, and
|
|
if a job id is specified properties of
|
|
the job is shown. By default, empty
|
|
properties are suppressed. Use
|
|
<option>--all</option> to show those
|
|
too. To select specific properties to
|
|
show use
|
|
<option>--property=</option>. This
|
|
command is intended to be used
|
|
whenever computer-parsable output is
|
|
required. Use
|
|
<command>status</command> if you are
|
|
looking for formatted human-readable
|
|
output.</para></listitem>
|
|
</varlistentry>
|
|
<varlistentry>
|
|
<term><command>help [NAME...|PID...]</command></term>
|
|
|
|
<listitem><para>Show manual pages for
|
|
one or more units, if available. If a
|
|
PID is passed the manual pages for the
|
|
unit the process of the PID belongs to
|
|
is shown.</para></listitem>
|
|
</varlistentry>
|
|
<varlistentry>
|
|
<term><command>reset-failed [NAME...]</command></term>
|
|
|
|
<listitem><para>Reset the
|
|
'<literal>failed</literal>' state of the
|
|
specified units, or if no unit name is
|
|
passed of all units. When a unit fails
|
|
in some way (i.e. process exiting with
|
|
non-zero error code, terminating
|
|
abnormally or timing out) it will
|
|
automatically enter the
|
|
'<literal>failed</literal>' state and
|
|
its exit code and status is recorded
|
|
for introspection by the administrator
|
|
until the service is restarted or
|
|
reset with this
|
|
command.</para></listitem>
|
|
</varlistentry>
|
|
|
|
<varlistentry>
|
|
<term><command>list-unit-files</command></term>
|
|
|
|
<listitem><para>List installed unit files.
|
|
</para></listitem>
|
|
</varlistentry>
|
|
|
|
<varlistentry>
|
|
<term><command>enable [NAME...]</command></term>
|
|
|
|
<listitem><para>Enable one or
|
|
more unit files or unit file
|
|
instances, as specified on the
|
|
command line. This will create a
|
|
number of symlinks as encoded in
|
|
the <literal>[Install]</literal>
|
|
sections of the unit files. After
|
|
the symlinks have been created the
|
|
systemd configuration is reloaded
|
|
(in a way that is equivalent to
|
|
<command>daemon-reload</command>)
|
|
to ensure the changes are taken into
|
|
account immediately. Note that this
|
|
does not have the effect that any of
|
|
the units enabled are also started at
|
|
the same time. If this is desired
|
|
a separate <command>start</command>
|
|
command must be invoked for the unit.
|
|
Also note that in case of instance
|
|
enablement, symlinks named same as
|
|
instances are created in install
|
|
location, however they all point to
|
|
the same template unit file.</para>
|
|
|
|
<para>This command will
|
|
print the actions executed. This
|
|
output may be suppressed by passing
|
|
<option>--quiet</option>.</para>
|
|
|
|
<para>Note that this operation creates
|
|
only the suggested symlinks for the
|
|
units. While this command is the
|
|
recommended way to manipulate the unit
|
|
configuration directory, the
|
|
administrator is free to make
|
|
additional changes manually, by
|
|
placing or removing symlinks in the
|
|
directory. This is particularly useful
|
|
to create configurations that deviate
|
|
from the suggested default
|
|
installation. In this case the
|
|
administrator must make sure to invoke
|
|
<command>daemon-reload</command>
|
|
manually as necessary, to ensure his
|
|
changes are taken into account.</para>
|
|
|
|
<para>Enabling units should not be
|
|
confused with starting (activating)
|
|
units, as done by the
|
|
<command>start</command>
|
|
command. Enabling and starting units
|
|
is orthogonal: units may be enabled
|
|
without being started and started
|
|
without being enabled. Enabling simply
|
|
hooks the unit into various suggested
|
|
places (for example, so that the unit
|
|
is automatically started on boot or
|
|
when a particular kind of hardware is
|
|
plugged in). Starting actually spawns
|
|
the daemon process (in case of service
|
|
units), or binds the socket (in case
|
|
of socket units), and so
|
|
on.</para>
|
|
|
|
<para>Depending on whether
|
|
<option>--system</option>,
|
|
<option>--user</option> or
|
|
<option>--global</option> is specified
|
|
this enables the unit for the system,
|
|
for the calling user only
|
|
or for all future logins of all
|
|
users. Note that in the latter case no
|
|
systemd daemon configuration is
|
|
reloaded.</para>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
</varlistentry>
|
|
|
|
<varlistentry>
|
|
<term><command>disable [NAME...]</command></term>
|
|
|
|
<listitem><para>Disables one or more
|
|
units. This removes all symlinks to
|
|
the specified unit files from the unit
|
|
configuration directory, and hence
|
|
undoes the changes made by
|
|
<command>enable</command>. Note
|
|
however that this removes
|
|
all symlinks to the unit files
|
|
(i.e. including manual additions), not
|
|
just those actually created by
|
|
<command>enable</command>. This call
|
|
implicitly reloads the systemd daemon
|
|
configuration after completing the
|
|
disabling of the units. Note that this
|
|
command does not implicitly stop the
|
|
units that are being disabled. If this
|
|
is desired an additional
|
|
<command>stop</command> command should
|
|
be executed afterwards.</para>
|
|
|
|
<para>This command will print the
|
|
actions executed. This output may be
|
|
suppressed by passing
|
|
<option>--quiet</option>.</para>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
|
|
<para>This command honors
|
|
<option>--system</option>,
|
|
<option>--user</option>,
|
|
<option>--global</option> in a similar
|
|
way as
|
|
<command>enable</command>.</para>
|
|
</varlistentry>
|
|
|
|
<varlistentry>
|
|
<term><command>is-enabled [NAME...]</command></term>
|
|
|
|
<listitem><para>Checks whether any of
|
|
the specified unit files are enabled
|
|
(as with
|
|
<command>enable</command>). Returns an
|
|
exit code of 0 if at least one is
|
|
enabled, non-zero otherwise. Prints
|
|
the current enable status. To suppress
|
|
this output use
|
|
<option>--quiet</option>.</para></listitem>
|
|
</varlistentry>
|
|
|
|
<varlistentry>
|
|
<term><command>reenable [NAME...]</command></term>
|
|
|
|
<listitem><para>Reenable one or more
|
|
unit files, as specified on the
|
|
command line. This is a combination of
|
|
<command>disable</command> and
|
|
<command>enable</command> and is
|
|
useful to reset the symlinks a unit is
|
|
enabled with to the defaults
|
|
configured in the
|
|
<literal>[Install]</literal> section
|
|
of the unit file.</para>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
</varlistentry>
|
|
|
|
<varlistentry>
|
|
<term><command>preset [NAME...]</command></term>
|
|
|
|
<listitem><para>Reset one or more unit
|
|
files, as specified on the command
|
|
line, to the defaults configured in
|
|
the preset policy files. This has the
|
|
same effect as
|
|
<command>disable</command> or
|
|
<command>enable</command>, depending
|
|
how the unit is listed in the preset
|
|
files. For more information on preset
|
|
policy format see
|
|
<citerefentry><refentrytitle>systemd.preset</refentrytitle><manvolnum>5</manvolnum></citerefentry>. For
|
|
more information on the concept of
|
|
presets please consult the <ulink
|
|
url="http://freedesktop.org/wiki/Software/systemd/Preset">Preset</ulink>
|
|
document.</para>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
</varlistentry>
|
|
|
|
<varlistentry>
|
|
<term><command>mask [NAME...]</command></term>
|
|
|
|
<listitem><para>Mask one or more unit
|
|
files, as specified on the command
|
|
line. This will link these units to
|
|
<filename>/dev/null</filename>, making
|
|
it impossible to start them. This is a stronger version
|
|
of <command>disable</command>, since
|
|
it prohibits all kinds of activation
|
|
of the unit, including manual
|
|
activation. Use this option with
|
|
care.</para>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
</varlistentry>
|
|
|
|
<varlistentry>
|
|
<term><command>unmask [NAME...]</command></term>
|
|
|
|
<listitem><para>Unmask one or more
|
|
unit files, as specified on the
|
|
command line. This will undo the
|
|
effect of
|
|
<command>mask</command>.</para>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
</varlistentry>
|
|
|
|
<varlistentry>
|
|
<term><command>link [NAME...]</command></term>
|
|
|
|
<listitem><para>Link a unit file that
|
|
is not in the unit file search paths
|
|
into the unit file search path. This
|
|
requires an absolute path to a unit
|
|
file. The effect of this can be undone
|
|
with <command>disable</command>. The
|
|
effect of this command is that a unit
|
|
file is available for
|
|
<command>start</command> and other
|
|
commands although it isn't installed
|
|
directly in the unit search
|
|
path.</para>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
</varlistentry>
|
|
|
|
<varlistentry>
|
|
<term><command>load [NAME...]</command></term>
|
|
|
|
<listitem><para>Load one or more units
|
|
specified on the command line. This
|
|
will simply load their configuration
|
|
from disk, but not start them. To
|
|
start them you need to use the
|
|
<command>start</command> command which
|
|
will implicitly load a unit that has
|
|
not been loaded yet. Note that systemd
|
|
garbage collects loaded units that are
|
|
not active or referenced by an active
|
|
unit. This means that units loaded
|
|
this way will usually not stay loaded
|
|
for long. Also note that this command
|
|
cannot be used to reload unit
|
|
configuration. Use the
|
|
<command>daemon-reload</command>
|
|
command for that. All in all, this
|
|
command is of little use except for
|
|
debugging.</para>
|
|
<para>This command should not be
|
|
confused with the
|
|
<command>daemon-reload</command> or
|
|
<command>reload</command>
|
|
commands.</para></listitem>
|
|
</varlistentry>
|
|
<varlistentry>
|
|
<term><command>list-jobs</command></term>
|
|
|
|
<listitem><para>List jobs that are in progress.</para></listitem>
|
|
</varlistentry>
|
|
<varlistentry>
|
|
<term><command>cancel [JOB...]</command></term>
|
|
|
|
<listitem><para>Cancel one or more
|
|
jobs specified on the command line by
|
|
their numeric job
|
|
IDs. If no job id is specified, cancel all pending jobs.</para></listitem>
|
|
</varlistentry>
|
|
<varlistentry>
|
|
<term><command>dump</command></term>
|
|
|
|
<listitem><para>Dump server
|
|
status. This will output a (usually
|
|
very long) human readable manager
|
|
status dump. Its format is subject to
|
|
change without notice and should not
|
|
be parsed by
|
|
applications.</para></listitem>
|
|
</varlistentry>
|
|
<varlistentry>
|
|
<term><command>dot</command></term>
|
|
|
|
<listitem><para>Generate textual
|
|
dependency graph description in dot
|
|
format for further processing with the
|
|
GraphViz
|
|
<citerefentry><refentrytitle>dot</refentrytitle><manvolnum>1</manvolnum></citerefentry>
|
|
tool. Use a command line like
|
|
<command>systemctl dot | dot -Tsvg >
|
|
systemd.svg</command> to generate a
|
|
graphical dependency tree. Unless
|
|
<option>--order</option> or
|
|
<option>--require</option> is passed
|
|
the generated graph will show both
|
|
ordering and requirement
|
|
dependencies.</para></listitem>
|
|
</varlistentry>
|
|
<varlistentry>
|
|
<term><command>list-dependencies [NAME]</command></term>
|
|
|
|
<listitem><para> Shows required and
|
|
wanted units of the specified unit. If
|
|
no unit is specified
|
|
<filename>default.target</filename> is
|
|
implied. Target units are recursively
|
|
expanded. When <option>--all</option>
|
|
is passed all other units aare
|
|
recursively expanded as well.</para>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
</varlistentry>
|
|
<varlistentry>
|
|
<term><command>snapshot [NAME]</command></term>
|
|
|
|
<listitem><para>Create a snapshot. If
|
|
a snapshot name is specified, the new
|
|
snapshot will be named after it. If
|
|
none is specified an automatic
|
|
snapshot name is generated. In either
|
|
case, the snapshot name used is
|
|
printed to STDOUT, unless
|
|
<option>--quiet</option> is
|
|
specified.</para>
|
|
|
|
<para>A snapshot refers to a saved
|
|
state of the systemd manager. It is
|
|
implemented itself as a unit that is
|
|
generated dynamically with this
|
|
command and has dependencies on all
|
|
units active at the time. At a later
|
|
time the user may return to this state
|
|
by using the
|
|
<command>isolate</command> command on
|
|
the snapshot unit.</para></listitem>
|
|
|
|
<para>Snapshots are only useful for
|
|
saving and restoring which units are
|
|
running or are stopped, they do not
|
|
save/restore any other
|
|
state. Snapshots are dynamic and lost
|
|
on reboot.</para>
|
|
</varlistentry>
|
|
<varlistentry>
|
|
<term><command>delete [NAME...]</command></term>
|
|
|
|
<listitem><para>Remove a snapshot
|
|
previously created with
|
|
<command>snapshot</command>.</para></listitem>
|
|
</varlistentry>
|
|
<varlistentry>
|
|
<term><command>daemon-reload</command></term>
|
|
|
|
<listitem><para>Reload systemd manager
|
|
configuration. This will reload all
|
|
unit files and recreate the entire
|
|
dependency tree. While the daemon is
|
|
reloaded, all sockets systemd listens
|
|
on on behalf of user configuration will
|
|
stay accessible.</para> <para>This
|
|
command should not be confused with
|
|
the <command>load</command> or
|
|
<command>reload</command>
|
|
commands.</para></listitem>
|
|
</varlistentry>
|
|
<varlistentry>
|
|
<term><command>daemon-reexec</command></term>
|
|
|
|
<listitem><para>Reexecute the systemd
|
|
manager. This will serialize the
|
|
manager state, reexecute the process
|
|
and deserialize the state again. This
|
|
command is of little use except for
|
|
debugging and package
|
|
upgrades. Sometimes it might be
|
|
helpful as a heavy-weight
|
|
<command>daemon-reload</command>. While
|
|
the daemon is reexecuted all sockets
|
|
systemd listens on on behalf of user
|
|
configuration will stay
|
|
accessible.</para></listitem>
|
|
</varlistentry>
|
|
<varlistentry>
|
|
<term><command>show-environment</command></term>
|
|
|
|
<listitem><para>Dump the systemd
|
|
manager environment block. The
|
|
environment block will be dumped in
|
|
straight-forward form suitable for
|
|
sourcing into a shell script. This
|
|
environment block will be passed to
|
|
all processes the manager
|
|
spawns.</para></listitem>
|
|
</varlistentry>
|
|
<varlistentry>
|
|
<term><command>set-environment [NAME=VALUE...]</command></term>
|
|
|
|
<listitem><para>Set one or more
|
|
systemd manager environment variables,
|
|
as specified on the command
|
|
line.</para></listitem>
|
|
</varlistentry>
|
|
<varlistentry>
|
|
<term><command>unset-environment [NAME...]</command></term>
|
|
|
|
<listitem><para>Unset one or more
|
|
systemd manager environment
|
|
variables. If only a variable name is
|
|
specified it will be removed
|
|
regardless of its value. If a variable
|
|
and a value are specified the variable
|
|
is only removed if it has the
|
|
specified value.</para></listitem>
|
|
</varlistentry>
|
|
<varlistentry>
|
|
<term><command>default</command></term>
|
|
|
|
<listitem><para>Enter default
|
|
mode. This is mostly equivalent to
|
|
<command>start
|
|
default.target</command>.</para></listitem>
|
|
</varlistentry>
|
|
<varlistentry>
|
|
<term><command>rescue</command></term>
|
|
|
|
<listitem><para>Enter rescue
|
|
mode. This is mostly equivalent to
|
|
<command>isolate
|
|
rescue.target</command> but also
|
|
prints a wall message to all
|
|
users.</para></listitem>
|
|
</varlistentry>
|
|
<varlistentry>
|
|
<term><command>emergency</command></term>
|
|
|
|
<listitem><para>Enter emergency
|
|
mode. This is mostly equivalent to
|
|
<command>isolate
|
|
emergency.target</command> but also
|
|
prints a wall message to all
|
|
users.</para></listitem>
|
|
</varlistentry>
|
|
<varlistentry>
|
|
<term><command>halt</command></term>
|
|
|
|
<listitem><para>Shut down and halt the
|
|
system. This is mostly equivalent to
|
|
<command>start halt.target</command>
|
|
but also prints a wall message to all
|
|
users. If combined with
|
|
<option>--force</option> shutdown of
|
|
all running services is skipped,
|
|
however all processes are killed and
|
|
all file systems are unmounted or
|
|
mounted read-only, immediately
|
|
followed by the system halt. If
|
|
<option>--force</option> is specified
|
|
twice the operation is immediately
|
|
executed without terminating any
|
|
processes or unmounting any file
|
|
systems. This may result in data
|
|
loss.</para></listitem>
|
|
</varlistentry>
|
|
<varlistentry>
|
|
<term><command>poweroff</command></term>
|
|
|
|
<listitem><para>Shut down and
|
|
power-off the system. This is mostly
|
|
equivalent to <command>start
|
|
poweroff.target</command> but also
|
|
prints a wall message to all users. If
|
|
combined with <option>--force</option>
|
|
shutdown of all running services is
|
|
skipped, however all processes are
|
|
killed and all file systems are
|
|
unmounted or mounted read-only,
|
|
immediately followed by the powering
|
|
off. If <option>--force</option> is
|
|
specified twice the operation is
|
|
immediately executed without
|
|
terminating any processes or
|
|
unmounting any file systems. This may
|
|
result in data loss.</para></listitem>
|
|
</varlistentry>
|
|
<varlistentry>
|
|
<term><command>reboot</command></term>
|
|
|
|
<listitem><para>Shut down and reboot
|
|
the system. This is mostly equivalent
|
|
to <command>start
|
|
reboot.target</command> but also
|
|
prints a wall message to all users. If
|
|
combined with <option>--force</option>
|
|
shutdown of all running services is
|
|
skipped, however all processes are
|
|
killed and all file systems are
|
|
unmounted or mounted read-only,
|
|
immediately followed by the reboot. If
|
|
<option>--force</option> is specified
|
|
twice the operation is immediately
|
|
executed without terminating any
|
|
processes or unmounting any file
|
|
systems. This may result in data
|
|
loss.</para></listitem>
|
|
</varlistentry>
|
|
<varlistentry>
|
|
<term><command>kexec</command></term>
|
|
|
|
<listitem><para>Shut down and reboot
|
|
the system via kexec. This is mostly
|
|
equivalent to <command>start
|
|
kexec.target</command> but also prints
|
|
a wall message to all users. If
|
|
combined with <option>--force</option>
|
|
shutdown of all running services is
|
|
skipped, however all processes are killed
|
|
and all file systems are unmounted or
|
|
mounted read-only, immediately
|
|
followed by the
|
|
reboot.</para></listitem>
|
|
</varlistentry>
|
|
<varlistentry>
|
|
<term><command>exit</command></term>
|
|
|
|
<listitem><para>Ask the systemd
|
|
manager to quit. This is only
|
|
supported for user service managers
|
|
(i.e. in conjunction with the
|
|
<option>--user</option> option) and
|
|
will fail otherwise.</para></listitem>
|
|
</varlistentry>
|
|
<varlistentry>
|
|
<term><command>suspend</command></term>
|
|
|
|
<listitem><para>Suspend the
|
|
system. This will trigger activation
|
|
of the special
|
|
<filename>suspend.target</filename>
|
|
target.</para></listitem>
|
|
</varlistentry>
|
|
<varlistentry>
|
|
<term><command>hibernate</command></term>
|
|
|
|
<listitem><para>Hibernate the
|
|
system. This will trigger activation
|
|
of the special
|
|
<filename>hibernate.target</filename>
|
|
target.</para></listitem>
|
|
</varlistentry>
|
|
<varlistentry>
|
|
<term><command>hybrid-sleep</command></term>
|
|
|
|
<listitem><para>Hibernate and suspend
|
|
the system. This will trigger
|
|
activation of the special
|
|
<filename>hybrid-sleep.target</filename>
|
|
target.</para></listitem>
|
|
</varlistentry>
|
|
<varlistentry>
|
|
<term><command>switch-root [ROOT] [INIT]</command></term>
|
|
|
|
<listitem><para>Switches to a
|
|
different root directory and executes
|
|
a new system manager process below
|
|
it. This is intended for usage in
|
|
initial RAM disks ("initrd"), and will
|
|
transition from the initrd's system
|
|
manager process (a.k.a "init" process)
|
|
to the main system manager
|
|
process. Takes two arguments: the
|
|
directory to make the new root
|
|
directory, and the path to the new
|
|
system manager binary below it to
|
|
execute as PID 1. If the latter is
|
|
omitted or the empty string, a
|
|
systemd binary will automatically be
|
|
searched for and used as init. If the
|
|
system manager path is omitted or
|
|
equal the empty string the state of
|
|
the initrd's system manager process is
|
|
passed to the main system manager,
|
|
which allows later introspection of the
|
|
state of the services involved in the
|
|
initrd boot.</para></listitem>
|
|
</varlistentry>
|
|
</variablelist>
|
|
|
|
</refsect1>
|
|
|
|
<refsect1>
|
|
<title>Exit status</title>
|
|
|
|
<para>On success 0 is returned, a non-zero failure
|
|
code otherwise.</para>
|
|
</refsect1>
|
|
|
|
<refsect1>
|
|
<title>Environment</title>
|
|
|
|
<variablelist class='environment-variables'>
|
|
<varlistentry>
|
|
<term><varname>$SYSTEMD_PAGER</varname></term>
|
|
<listitem><para>Pager to use when
|
|
<option>--no-pager</option> is not given;
|
|
overrides <varname>$PAGER</varname>. Setting
|
|
this to an empty string or the value
|
|
<literal>cat</literal> is equivalent to passing
|
|
<option>--no-pager</option>.</para></listitem>
|
|
</varlistentry>
|
|
</variablelist>
|
|
</refsect1>
|
|
|
|
<refsect1>
|
|
<title>See Also</title>
|
|
<para>
|
|
<citerefentry><refentrytitle>systemd</refentrytitle><manvolnum>1</manvolnum></citerefentry>,
|
|
<citerefentry><refentrytitle>systemadm</refentrytitle><manvolnum>1</manvolnum></citerefentry>,
|
|
<citerefentry><refentrytitle>journalctl</refentrytitle><manvolnum>1</manvolnum></citerefentry>,
|
|
<citerefentry><refentrytitle>loginctl</refentrytitle><manvolnum>1</manvolnum></citerefentry>,
|
|
<citerefentry><refentrytitle>systemd.unit</refentrytitle><manvolnum>5</manvolnum></citerefentry>,
|
|
<citerefentry><refentrytitle>systemd.special</refentrytitle><manvolnum>7</manvolnum></citerefentry>,
|
|
<citerefentry><refentrytitle>wall</refentrytitle><manvolnum>1</manvolnum></citerefentry>,
|
|
<citerefentry><refentrytitle>systemd.preset</refentrytitle><manvolnum>5</manvolnum></citerefentry>
|
|
</para>
|
|
</refsect1>
|
|
|
|
</refentry>
|