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Several manpages contain duplicate text describing a standard set of .d configuration directories, with the usual sorting, precedence, overrides, and so on. Factor this common text out using XInclude before proliferating it even further.
177 lines
8.1 KiB
XML
177 lines
8.1 KiB
XML
<?xml version="1.0"?> <!--*-nxml-*-->
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<!DOCTYPE refentry PUBLIC "-//OASIS//DTD DocBook XML V4.2//EN" "http://www.oasis-open.org/docbook/xml/4.2/docbookx.dtd">
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<!--
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This file is part of systemd.
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Copyright 2011 Lennart Poettering
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systemd is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
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under the terms of the GNU Lesser General Public License as published by
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the Free Software Foundation; either version 2.1 of the License, or
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(at your option) any later version.
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systemd is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but
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WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
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MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU
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Lesser General Public License for more details.
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You should have received a copy of the GNU Lesser General Public License
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along with systemd; If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
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-->
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<refentry id="sysctl.d"
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xmlns:xi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XInclude">
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<refentryinfo>
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<title>sysctl.d</title>
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<productname>systemd</productname>
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<authorgroup>
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<author>
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<contrib>Developer</contrib>
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<firstname>Lennart</firstname>
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<surname>Poettering</surname>
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<email>lennart@poettering.net</email>
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</author>
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</authorgroup>
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</refentryinfo>
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<refmeta>
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<refentrytitle>sysctl.d</refentrytitle>
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<manvolnum>5</manvolnum>
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</refmeta>
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<refnamediv>
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<refname>sysctl.d</refname>
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<refpurpose>Configure kernel parameters at boot</refpurpose>
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</refnamediv>
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<refsynopsisdiv>
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<para><filename>/etc/sysctl.d/*.conf</filename></para>
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<para><filename>/run/sysctl.d/*.conf</filename></para>
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<para><filename>/usr/lib/sysctl.d/*.conf</filename></para>
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</refsynopsisdiv>
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<refsect1>
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<title>Description</title>
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<para>At boot,
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<citerefentry><refentrytitle>systemd-sysctl.service</refentrytitle><manvolnum>8</manvolnum></citerefentry>
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reads configuration files from the above directories
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to configure
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<citerefentry><refentrytitle>sysctl</refentrytitle><manvolnum>8</manvolnum></citerefentry>
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kernel parameters.</para>
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</refsect1>
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<refsect1>
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<title>Configuration Format</title>
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<para>The configuration files contain a list of
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variable assignments, separated by newlines. Empty
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lines and lines whose first non-whitespace character
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is <literal>#</literal> or <literal>;</literal> are
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ignored.</para>
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<para>Note that either <literal>/</literal> or
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<literal>.</literal> may be used as separators within
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sysctl variable names. If the first separator is a
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slash, remaining slashes and dots are left intact. If
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the first separator is a dot, dots and slashes are
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interchanged. <literal>kernel.domainname=foo</literal>
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and <literal>kernel/domainname=foo</literal> are
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equivalent and will cause <literal>foo</literal> to
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be written to
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<filename>/proc/sys/kernel/domainname</filename>.
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Either
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<literal>net.ipv4.conf.enp3s0/200.forwarding</literal>
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or
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<literal>net/ipv4/conf/enp3s0.200/forwarding</literal>
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may be used to refer to
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<filename>/proc/sys/net/ipv4/conf/enp3s0.200/forwarding</filename>.
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</para>
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<para>The settings configured with
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<filename>sysctl.d</filename> files will be applied
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early on boot. The network interface-specific options
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will also be applied individually for each network
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interface as it shows up in the system. (More
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specifically,
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<filename>net.ipv4.conf.*</filename>,
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<filename>net.ipv6.conf.*</filename>,
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<filename>net.ipv4.neigh.*</filename> and <filename>net.ipv6.neigh.*</filename>).</para>
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<para>Many sysctl parameters only become available
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when certain kernel modules are loaded. Modules are
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usually loaded on demand, e.g. when certain hardware
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is plugged in or network brought up. This means that
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<citerefentry><refentrytitle>systemd-sysctl.service</refentrytitle><manvolnum>8</manvolnum></citerefentry> which runs
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during early boot will not configure such parameters
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if they become available after it has run. To
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set such parameters, it is recommended to add
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an <citerefentry><refentrytitle>udev</refentrytitle><manvolnum>7</manvolnum></citerefentry> rule to set those parameters when they become
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available. Alternatively, a slightly simpler and
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less efficient option is to add the module to
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<citerefentry><refentrytitle>modules-load.d</refentrytitle><manvolnum>5</manvolnum></citerefentry>, causing it to be loaded statically
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before sysctl settings are applied (see
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example below).</para>
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</refsect1>
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<xi:include href="standard-conf.xml" xpointer="confd" />
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<refsect1>
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<title>Examples</title>
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<example>
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<title>Set kernel YP domain name</title>
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<para><filename>/etc/sysctl.d/domain-name.conf</filename>:
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</para>
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<programlisting>kernel.domainname=example.com</programlisting>
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</example>
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<example>
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<title>Disable packet filter on bridged packets (method one)</title>
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<para><filename>/etc/udev/rules.d/99-bridge.rules</filename>:
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</para>
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<programlisting>ACTION=="add", SUBSYSTEM=="module", KERNEL=="bridge", RUN+="/usr/lib/systemd/systemd-sysctl --prefix=/net/bridge"
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</programlisting>
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<para><filename>/etc/sysctl.d/bridge.conf</filename>:
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</para>
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<programlisting>net.bridge.bridge-nf-call-ip6tables = 0
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net.bridge.bridge-nf-call-iptables = 0
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net.bridge.bridge-nf-call-arptables = 0
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</programlisting>
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</example>
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<example>
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<title>Disable packet filter on bridged packets (method two)</title>
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<para><filename>/etc/modules-load.d/bridge.conf</filename>:
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</para>
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<programlisting>bridge</programlisting>
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<para><filename>/etc/sysctl.d/bridge.conf</filename>:
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</para>
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<programlisting>net.bridge.bridge-nf-call-ip6tables = 0
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net.bridge.bridge-nf-call-iptables = 0
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net.bridge.bridge-nf-call-arptables = 0
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</programlisting>
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</example>
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</refsect1>
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<refsect1>
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<title>See Also</title>
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<para>
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<citerefentry><refentrytitle>systemd</refentrytitle><manvolnum>1</manvolnum></citerefentry>,
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<citerefentry><refentrytitle>systemd-sysctl.service</refentrytitle><manvolnum>8</manvolnum></citerefentry>,
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<citerefentry><refentrytitle>systemd-delta</refentrytitle><manvolnum>1</manvolnum></citerefentry>,
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<citerefentry><refentrytitle>sysctl</refentrytitle><manvolnum>8</manvolnum></citerefentry>,
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<citerefentry><refentrytitle>sysctl.conf</refentrytitle><manvolnum>5</manvolnum></citerefentry>,
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<citerefentry><refentrytitle>modprobe</refentrytitle><manvolnum>8</manvolnum></citerefentry>
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</para>
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</refsect1>
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</refentry>
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