mirror of
https://github.com/systemd/systemd.git
synced 2024-11-05 06:52:22 +03:00
411 lines
19 KiB
XML
411 lines
19 KiB
XML
<?xml version='1.0'?> <!--*-nxml-*-->
|
||
<!DOCTYPE refentry PUBLIC "-//OASIS//DTD DocBook XML V4.2//EN"
|
||
"http://www.oasis-open.org/docbook/xml/4.2/docbookx.dtd">
|
||
|
||
<!--
|
||
This file is part of systemd.
|
||
|
||
Copyright 2010 Lennart Poettering
|
||
|
||
systemd is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
|
||
under the terms of the GNU Lesser General Public License as published by
|
||
the Free Software Foundation; either version 2.1 of the License, or
|
||
(at your option) any later version.
|
||
|
||
systemd is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but
|
||
WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
|
||
MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU
|
||
Lesser General Public License for more details.
|
||
|
||
You should have received a copy of the GNU Lesser General Public License
|
||
along with systemd; If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
|
||
-->
|
||
|
||
<refentry id="journald.conf"
|
||
xmlns:xi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XInclude">
|
||
<refentryinfo>
|
||
<title>journald.conf</title>
|
||
<productname>systemd</productname>
|
||
|
||
<authorgroup>
|
||
<author>
|
||
<contrib>Developer</contrib>
|
||
<firstname>Lennart</firstname>
|
||
<surname>Poettering</surname>
|
||
<email>lennart@poettering.net</email>
|
||
</author>
|
||
</authorgroup>
|
||
</refentryinfo>
|
||
|
||
<refmeta>
|
||
<refentrytitle>journald.conf</refentrytitle>
|
||
<manvolnum>5</manvolnum>
|
||
</refmeta>
|
||
|
||
<refnamediv>
|
||
<refname>journald.conf</refname>
|
||
<refname>journald.conf.d</refname>
|
||
<refpurpose>Journal service configuration files</refpurpose>
|
||
</refnamediv>
|
||
|
||
<refsynopsisdiv>
|
||
<para><filename>/etc/systemd/journald.conf</filename></para>
|
||
<para><filename>/etc/systemd/journald.conf.d/*.conf</filename></para>
|
||
<para><filename>/run/systemd/journald.conf.d/*.conf</filename></para>
|
||
<para><filename>/usr/lib/systemd/journald.conf.d/*.conf</filename></para>
|
||
</refsynopsisdiv>
|
||
|
||
<refsect1>
|
||
<title>Description</title>
|
||
|
||
<para>These files configure various parameters of the systemd
|
||
journal service,
|
||
<citerefentry><refentrytitle>systemd-journald.service</refentrytitle><manvolnum>8</manvolnum></citerefentry>.</para>
|
||
|
||
</refsect1>
|
||
|
||
<xi:include href="standard-conf.xml" xpointer="main-conf" />
|
||
|
||
<refsect1>
|
||
<title>Options</title>
|
||
|
||
<para>All options are configured in the
|
||
<literal>[Journal]</literal> section:</para>
|
||
|
||
<variablelist>
|
||
|
||
<varlistentry>
|
||
<term><varname>Storage=</varname></term>
|
||
|
||
<listitem><para>Controls where to store journal data. One of
|
||
<literal>volatile</literal>,
|
||
<literal>persistent</literal>,
|
||
<literal>auto</literal> and
|
||
<literal>none</literal>. If
|
||
<literal>volatile</literal>, journal
|
||
log data will be stored only in memory, i.e. below the
|
||
<filename>/run/log/journal</filename> hierarchy (which is
|
||
created if needed). If <literal>persistent</literal>, data
|
||
will be stored preferably on disk, i.e. below the
|
||
<filename>/var/log/journal</filename> hierarchy (which is
|
||
created if needed), with a fallback to
|
||
<filename>/run/log/journal</filename> (which is created if
|
||
needed), during early boot and if the disk is not writable.
|
||
<literal>auto</literal> is similar to
|
||
<literal>persistent</literal> but the directory
|
||
<filename>/var/log/journal</filename> is not created if
|
||
needed, so that its existence controls where log data goes.
|
||
<literal>none</literal> turns off all storage, all log data
|
||
received will be dropped. Forwarding to other targets, such as
|
||
the console, the kernel log buffer, or a syslog socket will
|
||
still work however. Defaults to
|
||
<literal>auto</literal>.</para></listitem>
|
||
</varlistentry>
|
||
|
||
<varlistentry>
|
||
<term><varname>Compress=</varname></term>
|
||
|
||
<listitem><para>Takes a boolean value. If enabled (the
|
||
default), data objects that shall be stored in the journal and
|
||
are larger than a certain threshold are compressed before they
|
||
are written to the file system.</para></listitem>
|
||
</varlistentry>
|
||
|
||
<varlistentry>
|
||
<term><varname>Seal=</varname></term>
|
||
|
||
<listitem><para>Takes a boolean value. If enabled (the
|
||
default), and a sealing key is available (as created by
|
||
<citerefentry><refentrytitle>journalctl</refentrytitle><manvolnum>1</manvolnum></citerefentry>'s
|
||
<option>--setup-keys</option> command), Forward Secure Sealing
|
||
(FSS) for all persistent journal files is enabled. FSS is
|
||
based on <ulink
|
||
url="https://eprint.iacr.org/2013/397">Seekable Sequential Key
|
||
Generators</ulink> by G. A. Marson and B. Poettering
|
||
(doi:10.1007/978-3-642-40203-6_7) and may be used to protect
|
||
journal files from unnoticed alteration.</para></listitem>
|
||
</varlistentry>
|
||
|
||
<varlistentry>
|
||
<term><varname>SplitMode=</varname></term>
|
||
|
||
<listitem><para>Controls whether to split up journal files per
|
||
user. One of <literal>uid</literal>, <literal>login</literal>
|
||
and <literal>none</literal>. If <literal>uid</literal>, all
|
||
users will get each their own journal files regardless of
|
||
whether they possess a login session or not, however system
|
||
users will log into the system journal. If
|
||
<literal>login</literal>, actually logged-in users will get
|
||
each their own journal files, but users without login session
|
||
and system users will log into the system journal. If
|
||
<literal>none</literal>, journal files are not split up by
|
||
user and all messages are instead stored in the single system
|
||
journal. Note that splitting up journal files by user is only
|
||
available for journals stored persistently. If journals are
|
||
stored on volatile storage (see above), only a single journal
|
||
file for all user IDs is kept. Defaults to
|
||
<literal>uid</literal>.</para></listitem>
|
||
</varlistentry>
|
||
|
||
<varlistentry>
|
||
<term><varname>RateLimitInterval=</varname></term>
|
||
<term><varname>RateLimitBurst=</varname></term>
|
||
|
||
<listitem><para>Configures the rate limiting that is applied
|
||
to all messages generated on the system. If, in the time
|
||
interval defined by <varname>RateLimitInterval=</varname>,
|
||
more messages than specified in
|
||
<varname>RateLimitBurst=</varname> are logged by a service,
|
||
all further messages within the interval are dropped until the
|
||
interval is over. A message about the number of dropped
|
||
messages is generated. This rate limiting is applied
|
||
per-service, so that two services which log do not interfere
|
||
with each other's limits. Defaults to 1000 messages in 30s.
|
||
The time specification for
|
||
<varname>RateLimitInterval=</varname> may be specified in the
|
||
following units: <literal>s</literal>, <literal>min</literal>,
|
||
<literal>h</literal>, <literal>ms</literal>,
|
||
<literal>us</literal>. To turn off any kind of rate limiting,
|
||
set either value to 0.</para></listitem>
|
||
</varlistentry>
|
||
|
||
<varlistentry>
|
||
<term><varname>SystemMaxUse=</varname></term>
|
||
<term><varname>SystemKeepFree=</varname></term>
|
||
<term><varname>SystemMaxFileSize=</varname></term>
|
||
<term><varname>SystemMaxFiles=</varname></term>
|
||
<term><varname>RuntimeMaxUse=</varname></term>
|
||
<term><varname>RuntimeKeepFree=</varname></term>
|
||
<term><varname>RuntimeMaxFileSize=</varname></term>
|
||
<term><varname>RuntimeMaxFiles=</varname></term>
|
||
|
||
<listitem><para>Enforce size limits on the journal files
|
||
stored. The options prefixed with <literal>System</literal>
|
||
apply to the journal files when stored on a persistent file
|
||
system, more specifically
|
||
<filename>/var/log/journal</filename>. The options prefixed
|
||
with <literal>Runtime</literal> apply to the journal files
|
||
when stored on a volatile in-memory file system, more
|
||
specifically <filename>/run/log/journal</filename>. The former
|
||
is used only when <filename>/var</filename> is mounted,
|
||
writable, and the directory
|
||
<filename>/var/log/journal</filename> exists. Otherwise, only
|
||
the latter applies. Note that this means that during early
|
||
boot and if the administrator disabled persistent logging,
|
||
only the latter options apply, while the former apply if
|
||
persistent logging is enabled and the system is fully booted
|
||
up. <command>journalctl</command> and
|
||
<command>systemd-journald</command> ignore all files with
|
||
names not ending with <literal>.journal</literal> or
|
||
<literal>.journal~</literal>, so only such files, located in
|
||
the appropriate directories, are taken into account when
|
||
calculating current disk usage.</para>
|
||
|
||
<para><varname>SystemMaxUse=</varname> and
|
||
<varname>RuntimeMaxUse=</varname> control how much disk space
|
||
the journal may use up at most.
|
||
<varname>SystemKeepFree=</varname> and
|
||
<varname>RuntimeKeepFree=</varname> control how much disk
|
||
space systemd-journald shall leave free for other uses.
|
||
<command>systemd-journald</command> will respect both limits
|
||
and use the smaller of the two values.</para>
|
||
|
||
<para>The first pair defaults to 10% and the second to 15% of
|
||
the size of the respective file system, but each value is
|
||
capped to 4G. If the file system is nearly full and either
|
||
<varname>SystemKeepFree=</varname> or
|
||
<varname>RuntimeKeepFree=</varname> are violated when
|
||
systemd-journald is started, the limit will be raised to the
|
||
percentage that is actually free. This means that if there was
|
||
enough free space before and journal files were created, and
|
||
subsequently something else causes the file system to fill up,
|
||
journald will stop using more space, but it will not be
|
||
removing existing files to reduce the footprint again,
|
||
either.</para>
|
||
|
||
<para><varname>SystemMaxFileSize=</varname> and
|
||
<varname>RuntimeMaxFileSize=</varname> control how large
|
||
individual journal files may grow at most. This influences
|
||
the granularity in which disk space is made available through
|
||
rotation, i.e. deletion of historic data. Defaults to one
|
||
eighth of the values configured with
|
||
<varname>SystemMaxUse=</varname> and
|
||
<varname>RuntimeMaxUse=</varname>, so that usually seven
|
||
rotated journal files are kept as history.</para>
|
||
|
||
<para>Specify values in bytes or use K, M, G, T, P, E as
|
||
units for the specified sizes (equal to 1024, 1024², ... bytes).
|
||
Note that size limits are enforced synchronously when journal
|
||
files are extended, and no explicit rotation step triggered by
|
||
time is needed.</para>
|
||
|
||
<para><varname>SystemMaxFiles=</varname> and
|
||
<varname>RuntimeMaxFiles=</varname> control how many
|
||
individual journal files to keep at most. Note that only
|
||
archived files are deleted to reduce the number of files until
|
||
this limit is reached; active files will stay around. This
|
||
means that, in effect, there might still be more journal files
|
||
around in total than this limit after a vacuuming operation is
|
||
complete. This setting defaults to 100.</para></listitem>
|
||
</varlistentry>
|
||
|
||
<varlistentry>
|
||
<term><varname>MaxFileSec=</varname></term>
|
||
|
||
<listitem><para>The maximum time to store entries in a single
|
||
journal file before rotating to the next one. Normally,
|
||
time-based rotation should not be required as size-based
|
||
rotation with options such as
|
||
<varname>SystemMaxFileSize=</varname> should be sufficient to
|
||
ensure that journal files do not grow without bounds. However,
|
||
to ensure that not too much data is lost at once when old
|
||
journal files are deleted, it might make sense to change this
|
||
value from the default of one month. Set to 0 to turn off this
|
||
feature. This setting takes time values which may be suffixed
|
||
with the units <literal>year</literal>,
|
||
<literal>month</literal>, <literal>week</literal>,
|
||
<literal>day</literal>, <literal>h</literal> or
|
||
<literal>m</literal> to override the default time unit of
|
||
seconds.</para></listitem>
|
||
</varlistentry>
|
||
|
||
<varlistentry>
|
||
<term><varname>MaxRetentionSec=</varname></term>
|
||
|
||
<listitem><para>The maximum time to store journal entries.
|
||
This controls whether journal files containing entries older
|
||
then the specified time span are deleted. Normally, time-based
|
||
deletion of old journal files should not be required as
|
||
size-based deletion with options such as
|
||
<varname>SystemMaxUse=</varname> should be sufficient to
|
||
ensure that journal files do not grow without bounds. However,
|
||
to enforce data retention policies, it might make sense to
|
||
change this value from the default of 0 (which turns off this
|
||
feature). This setting also takes time values which may be
|
||
suffixed with the units <literal>year</literal>,
|
||
<literal>month</literal>, <literal>week</literal>,
|
||
<literal>day</literal>, <literal>h</literal> or <literal>
|
||
m</literal> to override the default time unit of
|
||
seconds.</para></listitem>
|
||
</varlistentry>
|
||
|
||
|
||
<varlistentry>
|
||
<term><varname>SyncIntervalSec=</varname></term>
|
||
|
||
<listitem><para>The timeout before synchronizing journal files
|
||
to disk. After syncing, journal files are placed in the
|
||
OFFLINE state. Note that syncing is unconditionally done
|
||
immediately after a log message of priority CRIT, ALERT or
|
||
EMERG has been logged. This setting hence applies only to
|
||
messages of the levels ERR, WARNING, NOTICE, INFO, DEBUG. The
|
||
default timeout is 5 minutes. </para></listitem>
|
||
</varlistentry>
|
||
|
||
<varlistentry>
|
||
<term><varname>ForwardToSyslog=</varname></term>
|
||
<term><varname>ForwardToKMsg=</varname></term>
|
||
<term><varname>ForwardToConsole=</varname></term>
|
||
<term><varname>ForwardToWall=</varname></term>
|
||
|
||
<listitem><para>Control whether log messages received by the
|
||
journal daemon shall be forwarded to a traditional syslog
|
||
daemon, to the kernel log buffer (kmsg), to the system
|
||
console, or sent as wall messages to all logged-in users.
|
||
These options take boolean arguments. If forwarding to syslog
|
||
is enabled but nothing reads messages from the socket,
|
||
forwarding to syslog has no effect. By default, only
|
||
forwarding to wall is enabled. These settings may be
|
||
overridden at boot time with the kernel command line options
|
||
<literal>systemd.journald.forward_to_syslog=</literal>,
|
||
<literal>systemd.journald.forward_to_kmsg=</literal>,
|
||
<literal>systemd.journald.forward_to_console=</literal>, and
|
||
<literal>systemd.journald.forward_to_wall=</literal>. When
|
||
forwarding to the console, the TTY to log to can be changed
|
||
with <varname>TTYPath=</varname>, described
|
||
below.</para></listitem>
|
||
</varlistentry>
|
||
|
||
<varlistentry>
|
||
<term><varname>MaxLevelStore=</varname></term>
|
||
<term><varname>MaxLevelSyslog=</varname></term>
|
||
<term><varname>MaxLevelKMsg=</varname></term>
|
||
<term><varname>MaxLevelConsole=</varname></term>
|
||
<term><varname>MaxLevelWall=</varname></term>
|
||
|
||
<listitem><para>Controls the maximum log level of messages
|
||
that are stored on disk, forwarded to syslog, kmsg, the
|
||
console or wall (if that is enabled, see above). As argument,
|
||
takes one of
|
||
<literal>emerg</literal>,
|
||
<literal>alert</literal>,
|
||
<literal>crit</literal>,
|
||
<literal>err</literal>,
|
||
<literal>warning</literal>,
|
||
<literal>notice</literal>,
|
||
<literal>info</literal>,
|
||
<literal>debug</literal>,
|
||
or integer values in the range of 0–7 (corresponding to the
|
||
same levels). Messages equal or below the log level specified
|
||
are stored/forwarded, messages above are dropped. Defaults to
|
||
<literal>debug</literal> for <varname>MaxLevelStore=</varname>
|
||
and <varname>MaxLevelSyslog=</varname>, to ensure that the all
|
||
messages are written to disk and forwarded to syslog. Defaults
|
||
to
|
||
<literal>notice</literal> for <varname>MaxLevelKMsg=</varname>,
|
||
<literal>info</literal> for <varname>MaxLevelConsole=</varname>,
|
||
and <literal>emerg</literal> for
|
||
<varname>MaxLevelWall=</varname>.</para></listitem>
|
||
</varlistentry>
|
||
|
||
<varlistentry>
|
||
<term><varname>TTYPath=</varname></term>
|
||
|
||
<listitem><para>Change the console TTY to use if
|
||
<varname>ForwardToConsole=yes</varname> is used. Defaults to
|
||
<filename>/dev/console</filename>.</para></listitem>
|
||
</varlistentry>
|
||
|
||
</variablelist>
|
||
|
||
</refsect1>
|
||
|
||
<refsect1>
|
||
<title>Forwarding to traditional syslog daemons</title>
|
||
|
||
<para>
|
||
Journal events can be transferred to a different logging daemon
|
||
in two different ways. With the first method, messages are
|
||
immediately forwarded to a socket
|
||
(<filename>/run/systemd/journal/syslog</filename>), where the
|
||
traditional syslog daemon can read them. This method is
|
||
controlled by the <varname>ForwardToSyslog=</varname> option. With a
|
||
second method, a syslog daemon behaves like a normal journal
|
||
client, and reads messages from the journal files, similarly to
|
||
<citerefentry><refentrytitle>journalctl</refentrytitle><manvolnum>1</manvolnum></citerefentry>.
|
||
With this, messages do not have to be read immediately,
|
||
which allows a logging daemon which is only started late in boot
|
||
to access all messages since the start of the system. In
|
||
addition, full structured meta-data is available to it. This
|
||
method of course is available only if the messages are stored in
|
||
a journal file at all. So it will not work if
|
||
<varname>Storage=none</varname> is set. It should be noted that
|
||
usually the <emphasis>second</emphasis> method is used by syslog
|
||
daemons, so the <varname>Storage=</varname> option, and not the
|
||
<varname>ForwardToSyslog=</varname> option, is relevant for them.
|
||
</para>
|
||
</refsect1>
|
||
|
||
<refsect1>
|
||
<title>See Also</title>
|
||
<para>
|
||
<citerefentry><refentrytitle>systemd</refentrytitle><manvolnum>1</manvolnum></citerefentry>,
|
||
<citerefentry><refentrytitle>systemd-journald.service</refentrytitle><manvolnum>8</manvolnum></citerefentry>,
|
||
<citerefentry><refentrytitle>journalctl</refentrytitle><manvolnum>1</manvolnum></citerefentry>,
|
||
<citerefentry><refentrytitle>systemd.journal-fields</refentrytitle><manvolnum>7</manvolnum></citerefentry>,
|
||
<citerefentry><refentrytitle>systemd-system.conf</refentrytitle><manvolnum>5</manvolnum></citerefentry>
|
||
</para>
|
||
</refsect1>
|
||
|
||
</refentry>
|