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5aded36978
It is annoying when we have dead links on fd.o. Add project='man-pages|die-net|archlinux' to <citerefentry>-ies. In generated html, add external links to http://man7.org/linux/man-pages/man, http://linux.die.net/man/, https://www.archlinux.org/. By default, pages in sections 2 and 4 go to man7, since Michael Kerrisk is the autorative source on kernel related stuff. The rest of links goes to linux.die.net, because they have the manpages. Except for the pacman stuff, since it seems to be only available from archlinux.org. Poor gummiboot gets no link, because gummitboot(8) ain't to be found on the net. According to common wisdom, that would mean that it does not exist. But I have seen Kay using it, so I know it does, and deserves to be found. Can somebody be nice and put it up somewhere?
257 lines
12 KiB
XML
257 lines
12 KiB
XML
<?xml version='1.0'?> <!--*-nxml-*-->
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<!DOCTYPE refentry PUBLIC "-//OASIS//DTD DocBook XML V4.2//EN"
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"http://www.oasis-open.org/docbook/xml/4.2/docbookx.dtd">
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<!--
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This file is part of systemd.
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Copyright 2010 Lennart Poettering
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systemd is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
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under the terms of the GNU Lesser General Public License as published by
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the Free Software Foundation; either version 2.1 of the License, or
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(at your option) any later version.
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systemd is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but
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WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
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MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU
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Lesser General Public License for more details.
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You should have received a copy of the GNU Lesser General Public License
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along with systemd; If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
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-->
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<refentry id="systemd-journald.service">
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<refentryinfo>
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<title>systemd-journald.service</title>
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<productname>systemd</productname>
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<authorgroup>
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<author>
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<contrib>Developer</contrib>
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<firstname>Lennart</firstname>
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<surname>Poettering</surname>
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<email>lennart@poettering.net</email>
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</author>
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</authorgroup>
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</refentryinfo>
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<refmeta>
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<refentrytitle>systemd-journald.service</refentrytitle>
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<manvolnum>8</manvolnum>
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</refmeta>
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<refnamediv>
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<refname>systemd-journald.service</refname>
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<refname>systemd-journald.socket</refname>
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<refname>systemd-journald-dev-log.socket</refname>
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<refname>systemd-journald</refname>
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<refpurpose>Journal service</refpurpose>
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</refnamediv>
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<refsynopsisdiv>
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<para><filename>systemd-journald.service</filename></para>
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<para><filename>systemd-journald.socket</filename></para>
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<para><filename>systemd-journald-dev-log.socket</filename></para>
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<para><filename>/usr/lib/systemd/systemd-journald</filename></para>
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</refsynopsisdiv>
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<refsect1>
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<title>Description</title>
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<para><filename>systemd-journald</filename> is a
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system service that collects and stores logging data.
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It creates and maintains structured, indexed journals
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based on logging information that is received from the
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kernel, from user processes via the libc
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<citerefentry project='man-pages'><refentrytitle>syslog</refentrytitle><manvolnum>3</manvolnum></citerefentry>
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call, from standard input and standard error of system
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services or via its native API. It will implicitly
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collect numerous metadata fields for each log
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messages in a secure and unfakeable way. See
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<citerefentry><refentrytitle>systemd.journal-fields</refentrytitle><manvolnum>7</manvolnum></citerefentry>
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for more information about the collected metadata.
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</para>
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<para>Log data collected by the journal is primarily
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text-based but can also include binary data where
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necessary. All objects stored in the journal can be up
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to 2^64-1 bytes in size.</para>
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<para>By default, the journal stores log data in
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<filename>/run/log/journal/</filename>. Since
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<filename>/run/</filename> is volatile, log data is
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lost at reboot. To make the data persistent, it
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is sufficient to create
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<filename>/var/log/journal/</filename> where
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<filename>systemd-journald</filename> will then store
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the data.</para>
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<para><filename>systemd-journald</filename> will
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forward all received log messages to the <constant>AF_UNIX</constant>
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<constant>SOCK_DGRAM</constant> socket
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<filename>/run/systemd/journal/syslog</filename>, if it exists, which
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may be used by Unix syslog daemons to process the data
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further.</para>
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<para>See
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<citerefentry><refentrytitle>journald.conf</refentrytitle><manvolnum>5</manvolnum></citerefentry>
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for information about the configuration of this
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service.</para>
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</refsect1>
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<refsect1>
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<title>Signals</title>
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<variablelist>
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<varlistentry>
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<term>SIGUSR1</term>
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<listitem><para>Request that journal
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data from <filename>/run/</filename>
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is flushed to
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<filename>/var/</filename> in order to
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make it persistent (if this is
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enabled). This must be used after
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<filename>/var/</filename> is mounted,
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as otherwise log data from
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<filename>/run</filename> is never
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flushed to <filename>/var</filename>
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regardless of the
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configuration.</para></listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry>
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<term>SIGUSR2</term>
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<listitem><para>Request immediate
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rotation of the journal
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files.</para></listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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</variablelist>
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</refsect1>
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<refsect1>
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<title>Kernel Command Line</title>
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<para>A few configuration parameters from
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<filename>journald.conf</filename> may be overridden on
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the kernel command line:</para>
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<variablelist class='kernel-commandline-options'>
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<varlistentry>
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<term><varname>systemd.journald.forward_to_syslog=</varname></term>
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<term><varname>systemd.journald.forward_to_kmsg=</varname></term>
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<term><varname>systemd.journald.forward_to_console=</varname></term>
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<term><varname>systemd.journald.forward_to_wall=</varname></term>
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<listitem><para>Enables/disables
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forwarding of collected log messages
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to syslog, the kernel log buffer, the
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system console or wall.
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</para>
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<para>See
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<citerefentry><refentrytitle>journald.conf</refentrytitle><manvolnum>5</manvolnum></citerefentry>
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for information about these settings.</para>
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</listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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</variablelist>
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</refsect1>
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<refsect1>
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<title>Access Control</title>
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<para>Journal files are, by default, owned and readable
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by the <literal>systemd-journal</literal> system group
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but are not writable. Adding a user to this group thus
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enables her/him to read the journal files.</para>
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<para>By default, each logged in user will get her/his
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own set of journal files in
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<filename>/var/log/journal/</filename>. These files
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will not be owned by the user, however, in order to
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avoid that the user can write to them
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directly. Instead, file system ACLs are used to ensure
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the user gets read access only.</para>
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<para>Additional users and groups may be granted
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access to journal files via file system access control
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lists (ACL). Distributions and administrators may
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choose to grant read access to all members of the
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<literal>wheel</literal> and <literal>adm</literal>
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system groups with a command such as the
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following:</para>
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<programlisting># setfacl -Rnm g:wheel:rx,d:g:wheel:rx,g:adm:rx,d:g:adm:rx /var/log/journal/</programlisting>
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<para>Note that this command will update the ACLs both
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for existing journal files and for future journal
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files created in the
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<filename>/var/log/journal/</filename>
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directory.</para>
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</refsect1>
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<refsect1>
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<title>Files</title>
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<variablelist>
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<varlistentry>
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<term><filename>/etc/systemd/journald.conf</filename></term>
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<listitem><para>Configure
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<command>systemd-journald</command>
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behaviour. See
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<citerefentry><refentrytitle>journald.conf</refentrytitle><manvolnum>5</manvolnum></citerefentry>.
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</para></listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry>
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<term><filename>/run/log/journal/<replaceable>machine-id</replaceable>/*.journal</filename></term>
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<term><filename>/run/log/journal/<replaceable>machine-id</replaceable>/*.journal~</filename></term>
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<term><filename>/var/log/journal/<replaceable>machine-id</replaceable>/*.journal</filename></term>
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<term><filename>/var/log/journal/<replaceable>machine-id</replaceable>/*.journal~</filename></term>
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<listitem><para><command>systemd-journald</command>
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writes entries to files in
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<filename>/run/log/journal/<replaceable>machine-id</replaceable>/</filename>
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or
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<filename>/var/log/journal/<replaceable>machine-id</replaceable>/</filename>
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with the <literal>.journal</literal>
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suffix. If the daemon is stopped
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uncleanly, or if the files are found
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to be corrupted, they are renamed
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using the <literal>.journal~</literal>
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suffix, and
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<command>systemd-journald</command>
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starts writing to a new
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file. <filename>/run</filename> is
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used when
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<filename>/var/log/journal</filename>
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is not available, or when
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<option>Storage=volatile</option> is
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set in the
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<citerefentry><refentrytitle>journald.conf</refentrytitle><manvolnum>5</manvolnum></citerefentry>
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configuration file.
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</para></listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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</variablelist>
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</refsect1>
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<refsect1>
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<title>See Also</title>
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<para>
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<citerefentry><refentrytitle>systemd</refentrytitle><manvolnum>1</manvolnum></citerefentry>,
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<citerefentry><refentrytitle>journalctl</refentrytitle><manvolnum>1</manvolnum></citerefentry>,
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<citerefentry><refentrytitle>journald.conf</refentrytitle><manvolnum>5</manvolnum></citerefentry>,
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<citerefentry><refentrytitle>systemd.journal-fields</refentrytitle><manvolnum>7</manvolnum></citerefentry>,
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<citerefentry><refentrytitle>sd-journal</refentrytitle><manvolnum>3</manvolnum></citerefentry>,
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<citerefentry><refentrytitle>setfacl</refentrytitle><manvolnum>1</manvolnum></citerefentry>,
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<command>pydoc systemd.journal</command>.
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</para>
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</refsect1>
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</refentry>
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