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https://github.com/systemd/systemd.git
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16dad32e43
As you likely know, Arch Linux is in the process of moving to systemd. So I was reading through the various systemd docs and quickly became baffled by this new abbreviation "resp.", which I've never seen before in my English-mother-tongue life. Some quick Googling turned up a reference: <http://www.transblawg.eu/index.php?/archives/870-Resp.-and-other-non-existent-English-wordsNicht-existente-englische-Woerter.html> I guess it's a literal translation of the German "Beziehungsweise", but English doesn't work the same way. The word "respectively" is used exclusively to provide an ordering connection between two lists. E.g. "the prefixes k, M, and G refer to kilo-, mega-, and giga-, respectively." It is also never abbreviated to "resp." So the sentence "Sets the default output resp. error output for all services and sockets" makes no sense to a natural English speaker. This patch removes all instances of "resp." in the man pages and replaces them with sentences which are much more clear and, hopefully, grammatically valid. In almost all instances, it was simply replacing "resp." with "or," which the original author (Lennart?) could probably just do in the future. The only other instances of "resp." are in the src/ subtree, which I don't feel privileged to correct. Signed-off-by: Andrew Eikum <aeikum@codeweavers.com>
1077 lines
60 KiB
XML
1077 lines
60 KiB
XML
<?xml version='1.0'?> <!--*-nxml-*-->
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<!DOCTYPE refentry PUBLIC "-//OASIS//DTD DocBook XML V4.2//EN"
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"http://www.oasis-open.org/docbook/xml/4.2/docbookx.dtd">
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<!--
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This file is part of systemd.
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Copyright 2010 Lennart Poettering
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systemd is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
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under the terms of the GNU Lesser General Public License as published by
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the Free Software Foundation; either version 2.1 of the License, or
|
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(at your option) any later version.
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systemd is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but
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WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
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MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU
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Lesser General Public License for more details.
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|
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You should have received a copy of the GNU Lesser General Public License
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along with systemd; If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
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-->
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<refentry id="systemd.unit">
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<refentryinfo>
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<title>systemd.unit</title>
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<productname>systemd</productname>
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<authorgroup>
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<author>
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<contrib>Developer</contrib>
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<firstname>Lennart</firstname>
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<surname>Poettering</surname>
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<email>lennart@poettering.net</email>
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</author>
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</authorgroup>
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</refentryinfo>
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|
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<refmeta>
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<refentrytitle>systemd.unit</refentrytitle>
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<manvolnum>5</manvolnum>
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</refmeta>
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<refnamediv>
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<refname>systemd.unit</refname>
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<refpurpose>Unit configuration</refpurpose>
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</refnamediv>
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<refsynopsisdiv>
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<para><filename>systemd.service</filename>,
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<filename>systemd.socket</filename>,
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<filename>systemd.device</filename>,
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<filename>systemd.mount</filename>,
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<filename>systemd.automount</filename>,
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<filename>systemd.swap</filename>,
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<filename>systemd.target</filename>,
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<filename>systemd.path</filename>,
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<filename>systemd.timer</filename>,
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<filename>systemd.snapshot</filename></para>
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</refsynopsisdiv>
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<refsect1>
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<title>Description</title>
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<para>A unit configuration file encodes information
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about a service, a socket, a device, a mount point, an
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automount point, a swap file or partition, a start-up
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target, a file system path or a timer controlled and
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supervised by
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<citerefentry><refentrytitle>systemd</refentrytitle><manvolnum>1</manvolnum></citerefentry>. The
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syntax is inspired by <ulink
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url="http://standards.freedesktop.org/desktop-entry-spec/latest/">XDG
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Desktop Entry Specification</ulink> <filename>.desktop</filename> files, which are in turn
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inspired by Microsoft Windows
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<filename>.ini</filename> files.</para>
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<para>This man pages lists the common configuration
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options of all the unit types. These options need to
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be configured in the [Unit] or [Install]
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sections of the unit files.</para>
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<para>In addition to the generic [Unit] and [Install]
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sections described here, each unit should have a
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type-specific section, e.g. [Service] for a service
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unit. See the respective man pages for more
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information.</para>
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<para>Unit files may contain additional options on top
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of those listed here. If systemd encounters an unknown
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option it will write a warning log message but
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continue loading the unit. If an option is prefixed
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with <option>X-</option> it is ignored completely by
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systemd. Applications may use this to include
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additional information in the unit files.</para>
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<para>Boolean arguments used in unit files can be
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written in various formats. For positive settings the
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strings <option>1</option>, <option>yes</option>,
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<option>true</option> and <option>on</option> are
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equivalent. For negative settings the strings
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<option>0</option>, <option>no</option>,
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<option>false</option> and <option>off</option> are
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equivalent.</para>
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<para>Time span values encoded in unit files can be
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written in various formats. A stand-alone number
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specifies a time in seconds. If suffixed with a time
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unit, the unit is honored. A concatenation of
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multiple values with units is supported, in which case
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the values are added up. Example: "50" refers to 50
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seconds; "2min 200ms" refers to 2 minutes plus 200
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milliseconds, i.e. 120200ms. The following time units
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are understood: s, min, h, d, w, ms, us.</para>
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|
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<para>Empty lines and lines starting with # or ; are
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ignored. This may be used for commenting. Lines ending
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in a backslash are concatenated with the following
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line while reading and the backslash is replaced by a
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space character. This may be used to wrap long lines.</para>
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<para>If a line starts with <option>.include</option>
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followed by a file name, the specified file will be
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parsed at this point. Make sure that the file that is
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included has the appropriate section headers before
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any directives.</para>
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<para>Along with a unit file
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<filename>foo.service</filename> a directory
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<filename>foo.service.wants/</filename> may exist. All
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units symlinked from such a directory are implicitly
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added as dependencies of type
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<varname>Wanted=</varname> to the unit. This is useful
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to hook units into the start-up of other units,
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without having to modify their unit configuration
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files. For details about the semantics of
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<varname>Wanted=</varname> see below. The preferred
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way to create symlinks in the
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<filename>.wants/</filename> directory of a service is
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with the <command>enable</command> command of the
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<citerefentry><refentrytitle>systemctl</refentrytitle><manvolnum>1</manvolnum></citerefentry>
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tool which reads information from the [Install]
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section of unit files. (See below.) A similar
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functionality exists for <varname>Requires=</varname>
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type dependencies as well, the directory suffix is
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<filename>.requires/</filename> in this case.</para>
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|
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<para>Note that while systemd offers a flexible
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dependency system between units it is recommended to
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use this functionality only sparsely and instead rely
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on techniques such as bus-based or socket-based
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activation which makes dependencies implicit, which
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both results in a simpler and more flexible
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system.</para>
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<para>Some unit names reflect paths existing in the
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file system name space. Example: a device unit
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<filename>dev-sda.device</filename> refers to a device
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with the device node <filename>/dev/sda</filename> in
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the file system namespace. If this applies a special
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way to escape the path name is used, so that the
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result is usable as part of a file name. Basically,
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given a path, "/" is replaced by "-", and all
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unprintable characters and the "-" are replaced by
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|
C-style "\x20" escapes. The root directory "/" is
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encoded as single dash, while otherwise the initial
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and ending "/" is removed from all paths during
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transformation. This escaping is reversible.</para>
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<para>Optionally, units may be instantiated from a
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template file at runtime. This allows creation of
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multiple units from a single configuration file. If
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systemd looks for a unit configuration file it will
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first search for the literal unit name in the
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filesystem. If that yields no success and the unit
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name contains an @ character, systemd will look for a
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unit template that shares the same name but with the
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instance string (i.e. the part between the @ character
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and the suffix) removed. Example: if a service
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<filename>getty@tty3.service</filename> is requested
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and no file by that name is found, systemd will look
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for <filename>getty@.service</filename> and
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instantiate a service from that configuration file if
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it is found.</para>
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<para>To refer to the instance string from
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within the configuration file you may use the special
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<literal>%i</literal> specifier in many of the
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configuration options. Other specifiers exist, the
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full list is:</para>
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<table>
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<title>Specifiers available in unit files</title>
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<tgroup cols='3' align='left' colsep='1' rowsep='1'>
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<colspec colname="spec" />
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<colspec colname="mean" />
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<colspec colname="detail" />
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<thead>
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<row>
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<entry>Specifier</entry>
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<entry>Meaning</entry>
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<entry>Details</entry>
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</row>
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</thead>
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<tbody>
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<row>
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<entry><literal>%n</literal></entry>
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<entry>Full unit name</entry>
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<entry></entry>
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</row>
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<row>
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<entry><literal>%N</literal></entry>
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<entry>Unescaped full unit name</entry>
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<entry></entry>
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</row>
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<row>
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<entry><literal>%p</literal></entry>
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<entry>Prefix name</entry>
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<entry>This refers to the string before the @, i.e. "getty" in the example above, where "tty3" is the instance name.</entry>
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</row>
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<row>
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<entry><literal>%P</literal></entry>
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<entry>Unescaped prefix name</entry>
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<entry></entry>
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</row>
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<row>
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<entry><literal>%i</literal></entry>
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<entry>Instance name</entry>
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<entry>This is the string between the @ character and the suffix.</entry>
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</row>
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<row>
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<entry><literal>%I</literal></entry>
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<entry>Unescaped instance name</entry>
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<entry></entry>
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</row>
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<row>
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<entry><literal>%f</literal></entry>
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<entry>Unescaped file name</entry>
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<entry>This is either the unescaped instance name (if set) with / prepended (if necessary), or the prefix name similarly prepended with /.</entry>
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</row>
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<row>
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<entry><literal>%c</literal></entry>
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<entry>Control group path of the unit</entry>
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<entry></entry>
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</row>
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<row>
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<entry><literal>%r</literal></entry>
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<entry>Root control group path of systemd</entry>
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<entry></entry>
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</row>
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<row>
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<entry><literal>%R</literal></entry>
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<entry>Parent directory of the root control group path of systemd</entry>
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<entry></entry>
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</row>
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<row>
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<entry><literal>%t</literal></entry>
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<entry>Runtime socket dir</entry>
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<entry>This is either /run (for the system manager) or $XDG_RUNTIME_DIR (for user managers).</entry>
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</row>
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<row>
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<entry><literal>%u</literal></entry>
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<entry>User name</entry>
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<entry>This is the name of the configured user of the unit, or (if none is set) the user running the systemd instance.</entry>
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</row>
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<row>
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<entry><literal>%h</literal></entry>
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<entry>User home directory</entry>
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<entry>This is the home directory of the configured user of the unit, or (if none is set) the user running the systemd instance.</entry>
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</row>
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<row>
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<entry><literal>%s</literal></entry>
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<entry>User shell</entry>
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<entry>This is the shell of the configured user of the unit, or (if none is set) the user running the systemd instance.</entry>
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</row>
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<row>
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<entry><literal>%m</literal></entry>
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<entry>Machine ID</entry>
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<entry>The machine ID of the running system, formatted as string. See <citerefentry><refentrytitle>machine-id</refentrytitle><manvolnum>5</manvolnum></citerefentry> for more information.</entry>
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</row>
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<row>
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<entry><literal>%b</literal></entry>
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<entry>Boot ID</entry>
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<entry>The boot ID of the running system, formatted as string. See <citerefentry><refentrytitle>random</refentrytitle><manvolnum>4</manvolnum></citerefentry> for more information.</entry>
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</row>
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<row>
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<entry><literal>%H</literal></entry>
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<entry>Host name</entry>
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<entry>The host name of the running system.</entry>
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</row>
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</tbody>
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</tgroup>
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</table>
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<para>If a unit file is empty (i.e. has the file size
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0) or is symlinked to <filename>/dev/null</filename>
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its configuration will not be loaded and it appears
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with a load state of <literal>masked</literal>, and
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cannot be activated. Use this as an effective way to
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fully disable a unit, making it impossible to start it
|
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even manually.</para>
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<para>The unit file format is covered by the
|
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<ulink
|
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url="http://www.freedesktop.org/wiki/Software/systemd/InterfaceStabilityPromise">Interface
|
|
Stability Promise</ulink>.</para>
|
|
</refsect1>
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<refsect1>
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<title>Options</title>
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|
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<para>Unit file may include a [Unit] section, which
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carries generic information about the unit that is not
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dependent on the type of unit:</para>
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|
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<variablelist>
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<varlistentry>
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<term><varname>Description=</varname></term>
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<listitem><para>A free-form string
|
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describing the unit. This is intended
|
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for use in UIs to show descriptive
|
|
information along with the unit
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name.</para></listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry>
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<term><varname>Documentation=</varname></term>
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<listitem><para>A space separated list
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of URIs referencing documentation for
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this unit or its
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configuration. Accepted are only URIs
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of the types
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<literal>http://</literal>,
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<literal>https://</literal>,
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<literal>file:</literal>,
|
|
<literal>info:</literal>,
|
|
<literal>man:</literal>. For more
|
|
information about the syntax of these
|
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URIs see
|
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<citerefentry><refentrytitle>uri</refentrytitle><manvolnum>7</manvolnum></citerefentry>.</para></listitem>
|
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</varlistentry>
|
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|
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<varlistentry>
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<term><varname>Requires=</varname></term>
|
|
|
|
<listitem><para>Configures requirement
|
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dependencies on other units. If this
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unit gets activated, the units listed
|
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here will be activated as well. If one
|
|
of the other units gets deactivated or
|
|
its activation fails, this unit will
|
|
be deactivated. This option may be
|
|
specified more than once, in which
|
|
case requirement dependencies for all
|
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listed names are created. Note that
|
|
requirement dependencies do not
|
|
influence the order in which services
|
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are started or stopped. This has to be
|
|
configured independently with the
|
|
<varname>After=</varname> or
|
|
<varname>Before=</varname> options. If
|
|
a unit
|
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<filename>foo.service</filename>
|
|
requires a unit
|
|
<filename>bar.service</filename> as
|
|
configured with
|
|
<varname>Requires=</varname> and no
|
|
ordering is configured with
|
|
<varname>After=</varname> or
|
|
<varname>Before=</varname>, then both
|
|
units will be started simultaneously
|
|
and without any delay between them if
|
|
<filename>foo.service</filename> is
|
|
activated. Often it is a better choice
|
|
to use <varname>Wants=</varname>
|
|
instead of
|
|
<varname>Requires=</varname> in order
|
|
to achieve a system that is more
|
|
robust when dealing with failing
|
|
services.</para>
|
|
|
|
<para>Note that dependencies of this
|
|
type may also be configured outside of
|
|
the unit configuration file by
|
|
adding a symlink to a
|
|
<filename>.requires/</filename> directory
|
|
accompanying the unit file. For
|
|
details see above.</para></listitem>
|
|
</varlistentry>
|
|
|
|
<varlistentry>
|
|
<term><varname>RequiresOverridable=</varname></term>
|
|
|
|
<listitem><para>Similar to
|
|
<varname>Requires=</varname>.
|
|
Dependencies listed in
|
|
<varname>RequiresOverridable=</varname>
|
|
which cannot be fulfilled or fail to
|
|
start are ignored if the startup was
|
|
explicitly requested by the user. If
|
|
the start-up was pulled in indirectly
|
|
by some dependency or automatic
|
|
start-up of units that is not
|
|
requested by the user this dependency
|
|
must be fulfilled and otherwise the
|
|
transaction fails. Hence, this option
|
|
may be used to configure dependencies
|
|
that are normally honored unless the
|
|
user explicitly starts up the unit, in
|
|
which case whether they failed or not
|
|
is irrelevant.</para></listitem>
|
|
|
|
</varlistentry>
|
|
<varlistentry>
|
|
<term><varname>Requisite=</varname></term>
|
|
<term><varname>RequisiteOverridable=</varname></term>
|
|
|
|
<listitem><para>Similar to
|
|
<varname>Requires=</varname>
|
|
and <varname>RequiresOverridable=</varname>, respectively. However,
|
|
if a unit listed here is not started
|
|
already it will not be started and the
|
|
transaction fails
|
|
immediately.</para></listitem>
|
|
</varlistentry>
|
|
|
|
<varlistentry>
|
|
<term><varname>Wants=</varname></term>
|
|
|
|
<listitem><para>A weaker version of
|
|
<varname>Requires=</varname>. A unit
|
|
listed in this option will be started
|
|
if the configuring unit is. However,
|
|
if the listed unit fails to start up
|
|
or cannot be added to the transaction
|
|
this has no impact on the validity of
|
|
the transaction as a whole. This is
|
|
the recommended way to hook start-up
|
|
of one unit to the start-up of another
|
|
unit.</para>
|
|
|
|
<para>Note that dependencies of this
|
|
type may also be configured outside of
|
|
the unit configuration file by
|
|
adding a symlink to a
|
|
<filename>.wants/</filename> directory
|
|
accompanying the unit file. For
|
|
details see above.</para></listitem>
|
|
</varlistentry>
|
|
|
|
<varlistentry>
|
|
<term><varname>BindsTo=</varname></term>
|
|
|
|
<listitem><para>Configures requirement
|
|
dependencies, very similar in style to
|
|
<varname>Requires=</varname>, however
|
|
in addition to this behavior it also
|
|
declares that this unit is stopped
|
|
when any of the units listed suddenly
|
|
disappears. Units can suddenly,
|
|
unexpectedly disappear if a service
|
|
terminates on its own choice, a device
|
|
is unplugged or a mount point
|
|
unmounted without involvement of
|
|
systemd.</para></listitem>
|
|
</varlistentry>
|
|
|
|
<varlistentry>
|
|
<term><varname>PartOf=</varname></term>
|
|
|
|
<listitem><para>Configures dependencies
|
|
similar to <varname>Requires=</varname>,
|
|
but limited to stopping and restarting
|
|
of units. When systemd stops or restarts
|
|
the units listed here, the action is
|
|
propagated to this unit.
|
|
Note that this is a one way dependency -
|
|
changes to this unit do not affect the
|
|
listed units.
|
|
</para></listitem>
|
|
</varlistentry>
|
|
|
|
<varlistentry>
|
|
<term><varname>Conflicts=</varname></term>
|
|
|
|
<listitem><para>Configures negative
|
|
requirement dependencies. If a unit
|
|
has a
|
|
<varname>Conflicts=</varname> setting
|
|
on another unit, starting the former
|
|
will stop the latter and vice
|
|
versa. Note that this setting is
|
|
independent of and orthogonal to the
|
|
<varname>After=</varname> and
|
|
<varname>Before=</varname> ordering
|
|
dependencies.</para>
|
|
|
|
<para>If a unit A that conflicts with
|
|
a unit B is scheduled to be started at
|
|
the same time as B, the transaction
|
|
will either fail (in case both are
|
|
required part of the transaction) or
|
|
be modified to be fixed (in case one
|
|
or both jobs are not a required part
|
|
of the transaction). In the latter
|
|
case the job that is not the required
|
|
will be removed, or in case both are
|
|
not required the unit that conflicts
|
|
will be started and the unit that is
|
|
conflicted is
|
|
stopped.</para></listitem>
|
|
</varlistentry>
|
|
|
|
<varlistentry>
|
|
<term><varname>Before=</varname></term>
|
|
<term><varname>After=</varname></term>
|
|
|
|
<listitem><para>Configures ordering
|
|
dependencies between units. If a unit
|
|
<filename>foo.service</filename>
|
|
contains a setting
|
|
<option>Before=bar.service</option>
|
|
and both units are being started,
|
|
<filename>bar.service</filename>'s
|
|
start-up is delayed until
|
|
<filename>foo.service</filename> is
|
|
started up. Note that this setting is
|
|
independent of and orthogonal to the
|
|
requirement dependencies as configured
|
|
by <varname>Requires=</varname>. It is
|
|
a common pattern to include a unit
|
|
name in both the
|
|
<varname>After=</varname> and
|
|
<varname>Requires=</varname> option in
|
|
which case the unit listed will be
|
|
started before the unit that is
|
|
configured with these options. This
|
|
option may be specified more than
|
|
once, in which case ordering
|
|
dependencies for all listed names are
|
|
created. <varname>After=</varname> is
|
|
the inverse of
|
|
<varname>Before=</varname>, i.e. while
|
|
<varname>After=</varname> ensures that
|
|
the configured unit is started after
|
|
the listed unit finished starting up,
|
|
<varname>Before=</varname> ensures the
|
|
opposite, i.e. that the configured
|
|
unit is fully started up before the
|
|
listed unit is started. Note that when
|
|
two units with an ordering dependency
|
|
between them are shut down, the
|
|
inverse of the start-up order is
|
|
applied. i.e. if a unit is configured
|
|
with <varname>After=</varname> on
|
|
another unit, the former is stopped
|
|
before the latter if both are shut
|
|
down. If one unit with an ordering
|
|
dependency on another unit is shut
|
|
down while the latter is started up,
|
|
the shut down is ordered before the
|
|
start-up regardless whether the
|
|
ordering dependency is actually of
|
|
type <varname>After=</varname> or
|
|
<varname>Before=</varname>. If two
|
|
units have no ordering dependencies
|
|
between them they are shut down
|
|
or started up simultaneously, and
|
|
no ordering takes
|
|
place. </para></listitem>
|
|
</varlistentry>
|
|
|
|
<varlistentry>
|
|
<term><varname>OnFailure=</varname></term>
|
|
|
|
<listitem><para>Lists one or more
|
|
units that are activated when this
|
|
unit enters the
|
|
'<literal>failed</literal>'
|
|
state.</para></listitem>
|
|
</varlistentry>
|
|
|
|
<varlistentry>
|
|
<term><varname>PropagatesReloadTo=</varname></term>
|
|
<term><varname>ReloadPropagatedFrom=</varname></term>
|
|
|
|
<listitem><para>Lists one or more
|
|
units where reload requests on the
|
|
unit will be propagated to/on the
|
|
other unit will be propagated
|
|
from. Issuing a reload request on a
|
|
unit will automatically also enqueue a
|
|
reload request on all units that the
|
|
reload request shall be propagated to
|
|
via these two
|
|
settings.</para></listitem>
|
|
</varlistentry>
|
|
|
|
<varlistentry>
|
|
<term><varname>RequiresMountsFor=</varname></term>
|
|
|
|
<listitem><para>Takes a space
|
|
separated list of absolute paths. Automatically
|
|
adds dependencies of type
|
|
<varname>Requires=</varname> and
|
|
<varname>After=</varname> for all
|
|
mount units required to access the
|
|
specified path.</para></listitem>
|
|
</varlistentry>
|
|
|
|
<varlistentry>
|
|
<term><varname>OnFailureIsolate=</varname></term>
|
|
|
|
<listitem><para>Takes a boolean
|
|
argument. If <option>true</option> the
|
|
unit listed in
|
|
<varname>OnFailure=</varname> will be
|
|
enqueued in isolation mode, i.e. all
|
|
units that are not its dependency will
|
|
be stopped. If this is set only a
|
|
single unit may be listed in
|
|
<varname>OnFailure=</varname>. Defaults
|
|
to
|
|
<option>false</option>.</para></listitem>
|
|
</varlistentry>
|
|
|
|
<varlistentry>
|
|
<term><varname>IgnoreOnIsolate=</varname></term>
|
|
|
|
<listitem><para>Takes a boolean
|
|
argument. If <option>true</option>
|
|
this unit will not be stopped when
|
|
isolating another unit. Defaults to
|
|
<option>false</option>.</para></listitem>
|
|
</varlistentry>
|
|
|
|
<varlistentry>
|
|
<term><varname>IgnoreOnSnapshot=</varname></term>
|
|
|
|
<listitem><para>Takes a boolean
|
|
argument. If <option>true</option>
|
|
this unit will not be included in
|
|
snapshots. Defaults to
|
|
<option>true</option> for device and
|
|
snapshot units, <option>false</option>
|
|
for the others.</para></listitem>
|
|
</varlistentry>
|
|
|
|
<varlistentry>
|
|
<term><varname>StopWhenUnneeded=</varname></term>
|
|
|
|
<listitem><para>Takes a boolean
|
|
argument. If <option>true</option>
|
|
this unit will be stopped when it is
|
|
no longer used. Note that in order to
|
|
minimize the work to be executed,
|
|
systemd will not stop units by default
|
|
unless they are conflicting with other
|
|
units, or the user explicitly
|
|
requested their shut down. If this
|
|
option is set, a unit will be
|
|
automatically cleaned up if no other
|
|
active unit requires it. Defaults to
|
|
<option>false</option>.</para></listitem>
|
|
</varlistentry>
|
|
|
|
<varlistentry>
|
|
<term><varname>RefuseManualStart=</varname></term>
|
|
<term><varname>RefuseManualStop=</varname></term>
|
|
|
|
<listitem><para>Takes a boolean
|
|
argument. If <option>true</option>
|
|
this unit can only be activated
|
|
or deactivated indirectly. In
|
|
this case explicit start-up
|
|
or termination requested by the
|
|
user is denied, however if it is
|
|
started or stopped as a
|
|
dependency of another unit, start-up
|
|
or termination will succeed. This
|
|
is mostly a safety feature to ensure
|
|
that the user does not accidentally
|
|
activate units that are not intended
|
|
to be activated explicitly, and not
|
|
accidentally deactivate units that are
|
|
not intended to be deactivated.
|
|
These options default to
|
|
<option>false</option>.</para></listitem>
|
|
</varlistentry>
|
|
|
|
<varlistentry>
|
|
<term><varname>AllowIsolate=</varname></term>
|
|
|
|
<listitem><para>Takes a boolean
|
|
argument. If <option>true</option>
|
|
this unit may be used with the
|
|
<command>systemctl isolate</command>
|
|
command. Otherwise this will be
|
|
refused. It probably is a good idea to
|
|
leave this disabled except for target
|
|
units that shall be used similar to
|
|
runlevels in SysV init systems, just
|
|
as a precaution to avoid unusable
|
|
system states. This option defaults to
|
|
<option>false</option>.</para></listitem>
|
|
</varlistentry>
|
|
|
|
<varlistentry>
|
|
<term><varname>DefaultDependencies=</varname></term>
|
|
|
|
<listitem><para>Takes a boolean
|
|
argument. If <option>true</option>
|
|
(the default), a few default
|
|
dependencies will implicitly be
|
|
created for the unit. The actual
|
|
dependencies created depend on the
|
|
unit type. For example, for service
|
|
units, these dependencies ensure that
|
|
the service is started only after
|
|
basic system initialization is
|
|
completed and is properly terminated on
|
|
system shutdown. See the respective
|
|
man pages for details. Generally, only
|
|
services involved with early boot or
|
|
late shutdown should set this option
|
|
to <option>false</option>. It is
|
|
highly recommended to leave this
|
|
option enabled for the majority of
|
|
common units. If set to
|
|
<option>false</option> this option
|
|
does not disable all implicit
|
|
dependencies, just non-essential
|
|
ones.</para></listitem>
|
|
</varlistentry>
|
|
|
|
<varlistentry>
|
|
<term><varname>JobTimeoutSec=</varname></term>
|
|
|
|
<listitem><para>When clients are
|
|
waiting for a job of this unit to
|
|
complete, time out after the specified
|
|
time. If this time limit is reached
|
|
the job will be cancelled, the unit
|
|
however will not change state or even
|
|
enter the '<literal>failed</literal>'
|
|
mode. This value defaults to 0 (job
|
|
timeouts disabled), except for device
|
|
units. NB: this timeout is independent
|
|
from any unit-specific timeout (for
|
|
example, the timeout set with
|
|
<varname>Timeout=</varname> in service
|
|
units) as the job timeout has no
|
|
effect on the unit itself, only on the
|
|
job that might be pending for it. Or
|
|
in other words: unit-specific timeouts
|
|
are useful to abort unit state
|
|
changes, and revert them. The job
|
|
timeout set with this option however
|
|
is useful to abort only the job
|
|
waiting for the unit state to
|
|
change.</para></listitem>
|
|
</varlistentry>
|
|
|
|
<varlistentry>
|
|
<term><varname>ConditionPathExists=</varname></term>
|
|
<term><varname>ConditionPathExistsGlob=</varname></term>
|
|
<term><varname>ConditionPathIsDirectory=</varname></term>
|
|
<term><varname>ConditionPathIsSymbolicLink=</varname></term>
|
|
<term><varname>ConditionPathIsMountPoint=</varname></term>
|
|
<term><varname>ConditionPathIsReadWrite=</varname></term>
|
|
<term><varname>ConditionDirectoryNotEmpty=</varname></term>
|
|
<term><varname>ConditionFileNotEmpty=</varname></term>
|
|
<term><varname>ConditionFileIsExecutable=</varname></term>
|
|
<term><varname>ConditionKernelCommandLine=</varname></term>
|
|
<term><varname>ConditionVirtualization=</varname></term>
|
|
<term><varname>ConditionSecurity=</varname></term>
|
|
<term><varname>ConditionCapability=</varname></term>
|
|
<term><varname>ConditionHost=</varname></term>
|
|
<term><varname>ConditionNull=</varname></term>
|
|
|
|
<listitem><para>Before starting a unit
|
|
verify that the specified condition is
|
|
true. If it is not true the starting
|
|
of the unit will be skipped, however
|
|
all ordering dependencies of it are
|
|
still respected. A failing condition
|
|
will not result in the unit being
|
|
moved into a failure state. The
|
|
condition is checked at the time the
|
|
queued start job is to be
|
|
executed.</para>
|
|
|
|
<para>With
|
|
<varname>ConditionPathExists=</varname>
|
|
a file existence condition is
|
|
checked before a unit is started. If
|
|
the specified absolute path name does
|
|
not exist the condition will
|
|
fail. If the absolute path name passed
|
|
to
|
|
<varname>ConditionPathExists=</varname>
|
|
is prefixed with an exclamation mark
|
|
('!'), the test is negated, and the unit
|
|
is only started if the path does not
|
|
exist.</para>
|
|
|
|
<para><varname>ConditionPathExistsGlob=</varname>
|
|
is similar to
|
|
<varname>ConditionPathExists=</varname>,
|
|
but checks for the existence of at
|
|
least one file or directory matching
|
|
the specified globbing pattern.</para>
|
|
|
|
<para><varname>ConditionPathIsDirectory=</varname>
|
|
is similar to
|
|
<varname>ConditionPathExists=</varname>
|
|
but verifies whether a certain path
|
|
exists and is a
|
|
directory.</para>
|
|
|
|
<para><varname>ConditionPathIsSymbolicLink=</varname>
|
|
is similar to
|
|
<varname>ConditionPathExists=</varname>
|
|
but verifies whether a certain path
|
|
exists and is a symbolic
|
|
link.</para>
|
|
|
|
<para><varname>ConditionPathIsMountPoint=</varname>
|
|
is similar to
|
|
<varname>ConditionPathExists=</varname>
|
|
but verifies whether a certain path
|
|
exists and is a mount
|
|
point.</para>
|
|
|
|
<para><varname>ConditionPathIsReadWrite=</varname>
|
|
is similar to
|
|
<varname>ConditionPathExists=</varname>
|
|
but verifies whether the underlying
|
|
file system is readable and writable
|
|
(i.e. not mounted
|
|
read-only).</para>
|
|
|
|
<para><varname>ConditionDirectoryNotEmpty=</varname>
|
|
is similar to
|
|
<varname>ConditionPathExists=</varname>
|
|
but verifies whether a certain path
|
|
exists and is a non-empty
|
|
directory.</para>
|
|
|
|
<para><varname>ConditionFileNotEmpty=</varname>
|
|
is similar to
|
|
<varname>ConditionPathExists=</varname>
|
|
but verifies whether a certain path
|
|
exists and refers to a regular file
|
|
with a non-zero size.</para>
|
|
|
|
<para><varname>ConditionFileIsExecutable=</varname>
|
|
is similar to
|
|
<varname>ConditionPathExists=</varname>
|
|
but verifies whether a certain path
|
|
exists, is a regular file and marked
|
|
executable.</para>
|
|
|
|
<para>Similar,
|
|
<varname>ConditionKernelCommandLine=</varname>
|
|
may be used to check whether a
|
|
specific kernel command line option is
|
|
set (or if prefixed with the
|
|
exclamation mark unset). The argument
|
|
must either be a single word, or an
|
|
assignment (i.e. two words, separated
|
|
'='). In the former
|
|
case the kernel command line is
|
|
searched for the word appearing as is,
|
|
or as left hand side of an
|
|
assignment. In the latter case the
|
|
exact assignment is looked for with
|
|
right and left hand side
|
|
matching.</para>
|
|
|
|
<para><varname>ConditionVirtualization=</varname>
|
|
may be used to check whether the
|
|
system is executed in a virtualized
|
|
environment and optionally test
|
|
whether it is a specific
|
|
implementation. Takes either boolean
|
|
value to check if being executed in
|
|
any virtualized environment, or one of
|
|
<varname>vm</varname> and
|
|
<varname>container</varname> to test
|
|
against a generic type of
|
|
virtualization solution, or one of
|
|
<varname>qemu</varname>,
|
|
<varname>kvm</varname>,
|
|
<varname>vmware</varname>,
|
|
<varname>microsoft</varname>,
|
|
<varname>oracle</varname>,
|
|
<varname>xen</varname>,
|
|
<varname>bochs</varname>,
|
|
<varname>chroot</varname>,
|
|
<varname>openvz</varname>,
|
|
<varname>lxc</varname>,
|
|
<varname>lxc-libvirt</varname>,
|
|
<varname>systemd-nspawn</varname> to
|
|
test against a specific
|
|
implementation. If multiple
|
|
virtualization technologies are nested
|
|
only the innermost is considered. The
|
|
test may be negated by prepending an
|
|
exclamation mark.</para>
|
|
|
|
<para><varname>ConditionSecurity=</varname>
|
|
may be used to check whether the given
|
|
security module is enabled on the
|
|
system. Currently the only recognized
|
|
value is <varname>selinux</varname>.
|
|
The test may be negated by prepending
|
|
an exclamation
|
|
mark.</para>
|
|
|
|
<para><varname>ConditionCapability=</varname>
|
|
may be used to check whether the given
|
|
capability exists in the capability
|
|
bounding set of the service manager
|
|
(i.e. this does not check whether
|
|
capability is actually available in
|
|
the permitted or effective sets, see
|
|
<citerefentry><refentrytitle>capabilities</refentrytitle><manvolnum>7</manvolnum></citerefentry>
|
|
for details). Pass a capability name
|
|
such as <literal>CAP_MKNOD</literal>,
|
|
possibly prefixed with an exclamation
|
|
mark to negate the check.</para>
|
|
|
|
<para><varname>ConditionHost=</varname>
|
|
may be used to match against the
|
|
host name or machine ID of the
|
|
host. This either takes a host name
|
|
string (optionally with shell style
|
|
globs) which is tested against the
|
|
locally set host name as returned by
|
|
<citerefentry><refentrytitle>gethostname</refentrytitle><manvolnum>2</manvolnum></citerefentry>,
|
|
or a machine ID formatted as string
|
|
(see
|
|
<citerefentry><refentrytitle>machine-id</refentrytitle><manvolnum>5</manvolnum></citerefentry>).
|
|
The test may be negated by prepending
|
|
an exclamation mark.</para>
|
|
|
|
<para>Finally,
|
|
<varname>ConditionNull=</varname> may
|
|
be used to add a constant condition
|
|
check value to the unit. It takes a
|
|
boolean argument. If set to
|
|
<varname>false</varname> the condition
|
|
will always fail, otherwise
|
|
succeed.</para>
|
|
|
|
<para>If multiple conditions are
|
|
specified the unit will be executed if
|
|
all of them apply (i.e. a logical AND
|
|
is applied). Condition checks can be
|
|
prefixed with a pipe symbol (|) in
|
|
which case a condition becomes a
|
|
triggering condition. If at least one
|
|
triggering condition is defined for a
|
|
unit then the unit will be executed if
|
|
at least one of the triggering
|
|
conditions apply and all of the
|
|
non-triggering conditions. If you
|
|
prefix an argument with the pipe
|
|
symbol and an exclamation mark the
|
|
pipe symbol must be passed first, the
|
|
exclamation second. Except for
|
|
<varname>ConditionPathIsSymbolicLink=</varname>,
|
|
all path checks follow
|
|
symlinks.</para></listitem>
|
|
</varlistentry>
|
|
|
|
<varlistentry>
|
|
<term><varname>SourcePath=</varname></term>
|
|
<listitem><para>A path to a
|
|
configuration file this unit has been
|
|
generated from. This is primarily
|
|
useful for implementation of generator
|
|
tools that convert configuration from
|
|
an external configuration file format
|
|
into native unit files. Thus
|
|
functionality should not be used in
|
|
normal units.</para></listitem>
|
|
</varlistentry>
|
|
</variablelist>
|
|
|
|
<para>Unit file may include a [Install] section, which
|
|
carries installation information for the unit. This
|
|
section is not interpreted by
|
|
<citerefentry><refentrytitle>systemd</refentrytitle><manvolnum>1</manvolnum></citerefentry>
|
|
during runtime. It is used exclusively by the
|
|
<command>enable</command> and
|
|
<command>disable</command> commands of the
|
|
<citerefentry><refentrytitle>systemctl</refentrytitle><manvolnum>1</manvolnum></citerefentry>
|
|
tool during installation of a unit:</para>
|
|
|
|
<variablelist>
|
|
<varlistentry>
|
|
<term><varname>Alias=</varname></term>
|
|
|
|
<listitem><para>Additional names this
|
|
unit shall be installed under. The
|
|
names listed here must have the same
|
|
suffix (i.e. type) as the unit file
|
|
name. This option may be specified
|
|
more than once, in which case all
|
|
listed names are used. At installation
|
|
time,
|
|
<command>systemctl enable</command>
|
|
will create symlinks from these names
|
|
to the unit file name.</para></listitem>
|
|
</varlistentry>
|
|
|
|
<varlistentry>
|
|
<term><varname>WantedBy=</varname></term>
|
|
<term><varname>RequiredBy=</varname></term>
|
|
|
|
<listitem><para>Installs a symlink in
|
|
the <filename>.wants/</filename>
|
|
or <filename>.requires/</filename>
|
|
subdirectory for a unit, respectively. This has the
|
|
effect that when the listed unit name
|
|
is activated the unit listing it is
|
|
activated
|
|
too. <command>WantedBy=foo.service</command>
|
|
in a service
|
|
<filename>bar.service</filename> is
|
|
mostly equivalent to
|
|
<command>Alias=foo.service.wants/bar.service</command>
|
|
in the same file.</para></listitem>
|
|
</varlistentry>
|
|
|
|
<varlistentry>
|
|
<term><varname>Also=</varname></term>
|
|
|
|
<listitem><para>Additional units to
|
|
install when this unit is
|
|
installed. If the user requests
|
|
installation of a unit with this
|
|
option configured,
|
|
<command>systemctl enable</command>
|
|
will automatically install units
|
|
listed in this option as
|
|
well.</para></listitem>
|
|
</varlistentry>
|
|
</variablelist>
|
|
|
|
</refsect1>
|
|
|
|
<refsect1>
|
|
<title>See Also</title>
|
|
<para>
|
|
<citerefentry><refentrytitle>systemd</refentrytitle><manvolnum>1</manvolnum></citerefentry>,
|
|
<citerefentry><refentrytitle>systemctl</refentrytitle><manvolnum>8</manvolnum></citerefentry>,
|
|
<citerefentry><refentrytitle>systemd.special</refentrytitle><manvolnum>7</manvolnum></citerefentry>,
|
|
<citerefentry><refentrytitle>systemd.service</refentrytitle><manvolnum>5</manvolnum></citerefentry>,
|
|
<citerefentry><refentrytitle>systemd.socket</refentrytitle><manvolnum>5</manvolnum></citerefentry>,
|
|
<citerefentry><refentrytitle>systemd.device</refentrytitle><manvolnum>5</manvolnum></citerefentry>,
|
|
<citerefentry><refentrytitle>systemd.mount</refentrytitle><manvolnum>5</manvolnum></citerefentry>,
|
|
<citerefentry><refentrytitle>systemd.automount</refentrytitle><manvolnum>5</manvolnum></citerefentry>,
|
|
<citerefentry><refentrytitle>systemd.swap</refentrytitle><manvolnum>5</manvolnum></citerefentry>,
|
|
<citerefentry><refentrytitle>systemd.target</refentrytitle><manvolnum>5</manvolnum></citerefentry>,
|
|
<citerefentry><refentrytitle>systemd.path</refentrytitle><manvolnum>5</manvolnum></citerefentry>,
|
|
<citerefentry><refentrytitle>systemd.timer</refentrytitle><manvolnum>5</manvolnum></citerefentry>,
|
|
<citerefentry><refentrytitle>systemd.snapshot</refentrytitle><manvolnum>5</manvolnum></citerefentry>,
|
|
<citerefentry><refentrytitle>capabilities</refentrytitle><manvolnum>7</manvolnum></citerefentry>
|
|
</para>
|
|
</refsect1>
|
|
|
|
</refentry>
|