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11a1589223
Files which are installed as-is (any .service and other unit files, .conf files, .policy files, etc), are left as is. My assumption is that SPDX identifiers are not yet that well known, so it's better to retain the extended header to avoid any doubt. I also kept any copyright lines. We can probably remove them, but it'd nice to obtain explicit acks from all involved authors before doing that.
230 lines
8.9 KiB
XML
230 lines
8.9 KiB
XML
<?xml version='1.0'?> <!--*- Mode: nxml; nxml-child-indent: 2; indent-tabs-mode: nil -*-->
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<!DOCTYPE refentry PUBLIC "-//OASIS//DTD DocBook XML V4.2//EN"
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"http://www.oasis-open.org/docbook/xml/4.2/docbookx.dtd">
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<!--
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SPDX-License-Identifier: LGPL-2.1+
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This file is part of systemd.
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Copyright 2011 Lennart Poettering
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-->
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<refentry id="systemd-ask-password"
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xmlns:xi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XInclude">
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<refentryinfo>
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<title>systemd-ask-password</title>
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<productname>systemd</productname>
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<authorgroup>
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<author>
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<contrib>Developer</contrib>
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<firstname>Lennart</firstname>
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<surname>Poettering</surname>
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<email>lennart@poettering.net</email>
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</author>
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</authorgroup>
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</refentryinfo>
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<refmeta>
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<refentrytitle>systemd-ask-password</refentrytitle>
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<manvolnum>1</manvolnum>
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</refmeta>
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<refnamediv>
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<refname>systemd-ask-password</refname>
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<refpurpose>Query the user for a system password</refpurpose>
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</refnamediv>
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<refsynopsisdiv>
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<cmdsynopsis>
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<command>systemd-ask-password <arg choice="opt" rep="repeat">OPTIONS</arg> <arg choice="opt">MESSAGE</arg></command>
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</cmdsynopsis>
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</refsynopsisdiv>
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<refsect1>
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<title>Description</title>
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<para><command>systemd-ask-password</command> may be used to query
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a system password or passphrase from the user, using a question
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message specified on the command line. When run from a TTY it will
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query a password on the TTY and print it to standard output. When
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run with no TTY or with <option>--no-tty</option> it will use the
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system-wide query mechanism, which allows active users to respond via
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several agents, listed below.</para>
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<para>The purpose of this tool is to query system-wide passwords
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— that is passwords not attached to a specific user account.
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Examples include: unlocking encrypted hard disks when they are
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plugged in or at boot, entering an SSL certificate passphrase for
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web and VPN servers.</para>
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<para>Existing agents are:
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<itemizedlist>
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<listitem><para>A boot-time password agent asking the user for
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passwords using
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<citerefentry project='die-net'><refentrytitle>plymouth</refentrytitle><manvolnum>8</manvolnum></citerefentry>,
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</para></listitem>
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<listitem><para>A boot-time password agent querying the user
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directly on the console —
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<citerefentry><refentrytitle>systemd-ask-password-console.service</refentrytitle><manvolnum>8</manvolnum></citerefentry>,
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</para></listitem>
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<listitem><para>An agent requesting password input via a
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<citerefentry project='man-pages'><refentrytitle>wall</refentrytitle><manvolnum>1</manvolnum></citerefentry>
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message —
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<citerefentry><refentrytitle>systemd-ask-password-wall.service</refentrytitle><manvolnum>8</manvolnum></citerefentry>,
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</para></listitem>
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<listitem><para>A TTY agent that is temporarily spawned during
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<citerefentry><refentrytitle>systemctl</refentrytitle><manvolnum>1</manvolnum></citerefentry>
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invocations,</para></listitem>
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<listitem><para>A command line agent which can be started
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temporarily to process queued password
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requests — <command>systemd-tty-ask-password-agent --query</command>.
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</para></listitem>
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</itemizedlist></para>
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<para>Answering system-wide password queries is a privileged operation, hence
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all the agents listed above (except for the last one), run as privileged
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system services. The last one also needs elevated privileges, so
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should be run through
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<citerefentry project='die-net'><refentrytitle>sudo</refentrytitle><manvolnum>8</manvolnum></citerefentry>
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or similar.</para>
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<para>Additional password agents may be implemented according to
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the <ulink
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url="https://www.freedesktop.org/wiki/Software/systemd/PasswordAgents">systemd
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Password Agent Specification</ulink>.</para>
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<para>If a password is queried on a TTY, the user may press TAB to
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hide the asterisks normally shown for each character typed.
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Pressing Backspace as first key achieves the same effect.</para>
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</refsect1>
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<refsect1>
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<title>Options</title>
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<para>The following options are understood:</para>
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<variablelist>
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<varlistentry>
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<term><option>--icon=</option></term>
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<listitem><para>Specify an icon name alongside the password
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query, which may be used in all agents supporting graphical
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display. The icon name should follow the <ulink
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url="http://standards.freedesktop.org/icon-naming-spec/icon-naming-spec-latest.html">XDG
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Icon Naming Specification</ulink>.</para></listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry>
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<term><option>--id=</option></term>
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<listitem><para>Specify an identifier for this password
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query. This identifier is freely choosable and allows
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recognition of queries by involved agents. It should include
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the subsystem doing the query and the specific object the
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query is done for. Example:
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<literal>--id=cryptsetup:/dev/sda5</literal>.</para></listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry>
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<term><option>--keyname=</option></term>
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<listitem><para>Configure a kernel keyring key name to use as
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cache for the password. If set, then the tool will try to push
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any collected passwords into the kernel keyring of the root
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user, as a key of the specified name. If combined with
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<option>--accept-cached</option>, it will also try to retrieve
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such cached passwords from the key in the kernel keyring
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instead of querying the user right away. By using this option,
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the kernel keyring may be used as effective cache to avoid
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repeatedly asking users for passwords, if there are multiple
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objects that may be unlocked with the same password. The
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cached key will have a timeout of 2.5min set, after which it
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will be purged from the kernel keyring. Note that it is
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possible to cache multiple passwords under the same keyname,
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in which case they will be stored as NUL-separated list of
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passwords. Use
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<citerefentry project='die-net'><refentrytitle>keyctl</refentrytitle><manvolnum>1</manvolnum></citerefentry>
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to access the cached key via the kernel keyring
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directly. Example: <literal>--keyname=cryptsetup</literal></para></listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry>
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<term><option>--timeout=</option></term>
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<listitem><para>Specify the query timeout in seconds. Defaults
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to 90s. A timeout of 0 waits indefinitely. </para></listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry>
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<term><option>--echo</option></term>
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<listitem><para>Echo the user input instead of masking it.
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This is useful when using
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<filename>systemd-ask-password</filename> to query for
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usernames. </para></listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry>
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<term><option>--no-tty</option></term>
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<listitem><para>Never ask for password on current TTY even if
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one is available. Always use agent system.</para></listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry>
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<term><option>--accept-cached</option></term>
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<listitem><para>If passed, accept cached passwords, i.e.
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passwords previously entered.</para></listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry>
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<term><option>--multiple</option></term>
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<listitem><para>When used in conjunction with
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<option>--accept-cached</option> accept multiple passwords.
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This will output one password per line.</para></listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry>
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<term><option>--no-output</option></term>
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<listitem><para>Do not print passwords to standard output.
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This is useful if you want to store a password in kernel
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keyring with <option>--keyname</option> but do not want it
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to show up on screen or in logs.</para></listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<xi:include href="standard-options.xml" xpointer="help" />
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</variablelist>
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</refsect1>
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<refsect1>
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<title>Exit status</title>
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<para>On success, 0 is returned, a non-zero failure code
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otherwise.</para>
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</refsect1>
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<refsect1>
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<title>See Also</title>
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<para>
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<citerefentry><refentrytitle>systemd</refentrytitle><manvolnum>1</manvolnum></citerefentry>,
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<citerefentry><refentrytitle>systemd-ask-password-console.service</refentrytitle><manvolnum>8</manvolnum></citerefentry>,
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<citerefentry><refentrytitle>systemd-tty-ask-password-agent</refentrytitle><manvolnum>1</manvolnum></citerefentry>,
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<citerefentry project='die-net'><refentrytitle>keyctl</refentrytitle><manvolnum>1</manvolnum></citerefentry>,
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<citerefentry project='die-net'><refentrytitle>plymouth</refentrytitle><manvolnum>8</manvolnum></citerefentry>,
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<citerefentry project='man-pages'><refentrytitle>wall</refentrytitle><manvolnum>1</manvolnum></citerefentry>
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</para>
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</refsect1>
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</refentry>
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