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617 lines
32 KiB
XML
617 lines
32 KiB
XML
<?xml version='1.0'?> <!--*-nxml-*-->
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<!DOCTYPE refentry PUBLIC "-//OASIS//DTD DocBook XML V4.2//EN"
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"http://www.oasis-open.org/docbook/xml/4.2/docbookx.dtd">
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<!--
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This file is part of systemd.
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Copyright 2013 Zbigniew Jędrzejewski-Szmek
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systemd is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
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under the terms of the GNU Lesser General Public License as published by
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the Free Software Foundation; either version 2.1 of the License, or
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(at your option) any later version.
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systemd is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but
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WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
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MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU
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Lesser General Public License for more details.
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You should have received a copy of the GNU Lesser General Public License
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along with systemd; If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
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-->
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<refentry id="machinectl" conditional='ENABLE_MACHINED'
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xmlns:xi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XInclude">
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<refentryinfo>
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<title>machinectl</title>
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<productname>systemd</productname>
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<authorgroup>
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<author>
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<contrib>Developer</contrib>
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<firstname>Lennart</firstname>
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<surname>Poettering</surname>
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<email>lennart@poettering.net</email>
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</author>
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</authorgroup>
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</refentryinfo>
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<refmeta>
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<refentrytitle>machinectl</refentrytitle>
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<manvolnum>1</manvolnum>
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</refmeta>
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<refnamediv>
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<refname>machinectl</refname>
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<refpurpose>Control the systemd machine manager</refpurpose>
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</refnamediv>
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<refsynopsisdiv>
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<cmdsynopsis>
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<command>machinectl</command>
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<arg choice="opt" rep="repeat">OPTIONS</arg>
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<arg choice="req">COMMAND</arg>
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<arg choice="opt" rep="repeat">NAME</arg>
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</cmdsynopsis>
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</refsynopsisdiv>
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<refsect1>
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<title>Description</title>
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<para><command>machinectl</command> may be used to
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introspect and control the state of the
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<citerefentry><refentrytitle>systemd</refentrytitle><manvolnum>1</manvolnum></citerefentry>
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virtual machine and container registration manager <citerefentry><refentrytitle>systemd-machined.service</refentrytitle><manvolnum>8</manvolnum></citerefentry>.</para>
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</refsect1>
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<refsect1>
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<title>Options</title>
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<para>The following options are understood:</para>
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<variablelist>
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<varlistentry>
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<term><option>-p</option></term>
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<term><option>--property=</option></term>
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<listitem><para>When showing machine
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or image properties, limit the output
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to certain properties as specified by
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the argument. If not specified, all
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set properties are shown. The argument
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should be a property name, such as
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<literal>Name</literal>. If specified
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more than once, all properties with
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the specified names are
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shown.</para></listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry>
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<term><option>-a</option></term>
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<term><option>--all</option></term>
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<listitem><para>When showing machine
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or image properties, show all
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properties regardless of whether they
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are set or not.</para>
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<para>When listing VM or container
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images, do not suppress images
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beginning in a dot character
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(<literal>.</literal>).</para></listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry>
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<term><option>-l</option></term>
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<term><option>--full</option></term>
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<listitem><para>Do not ellipsize
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process tree entries.</para>
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</listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry>
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<term><option>--no-ask-password</option></term>
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<listitem><para>Do not query the user
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for authentication for privileged
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operations.</para></listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry>
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<term><option>--kill-who=</option></term>
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<listitem><para>When used with
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<command>kill</command>,
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choose which processes to kill. Must
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be one of <option>leader</option>, or
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<option>all</option> to select whether
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to kill only the leader process of the
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machine or all processes of the
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machine. If omitted, defaults to
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<option>all</option>.</para></listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry>
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<term><option>-s</option></term>
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<term><option>--signal=</option></term>
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<listitem><para>When used with
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<command>kill</command>, choose
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which signal to send to selected
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processes. Must be one of the
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well-known signal specifiers, such as
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<constant>SIGTERM</constant>,
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<constant>SIGINT</constant> or
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<constant>SIGSTOP</constant>. If
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omitted, defaults to
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<constant>SIGTERM</constant>.</para></listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry>
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<term><option>--no-legend</option></term>
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<listitem><para>Do not print the legend,
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i.e. the column headers and the
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footer.</para></listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry>
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<term><option>--mkdir</option></term>
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<listitem><para>When used with
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<command>bind</command> creates the
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destination directory before applying
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the bind mount.</para></listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry>
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<term><option>--read-only</option></term>
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<listitem><para>When used with
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<command>bind</command> applies a
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read-only bind
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mount.</para></listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry>
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<term><option>-n</option></term>
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<term><option>--lines=</option></term>
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<listitem><para>When used with
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<command>status</command>, controls
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the number of journal lines to show,
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counting from the most recent
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ones. Takes a positive integer
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argument. Defaults to 10.</para>
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</listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry>
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<term><option>-o</option></term>
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<term><option>--output=</option></term>
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<listitem><para>When used with
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<command>status</command>, controls
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the formatting of the journal entries
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that are shown. For the available
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choices, see
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<citerefentry><refentrytitle>journalctl</refentrytitle><manvolnum>1</manvolnum></citerefentry>.
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Defaults to
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<literal>short</literal>.</para></listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<xi:include href="user-system-options.xml" xpointer="host" />
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<xi:include href="user-system-options.xml" xpointer="machine" />
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<xi:include href="standard-options.xml" xpointer="help" />
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<xi:include href="standard-options.xml" xpointer="version" />
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<xi:include href="standard-options.xml" xpointer="no-pager" />
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</variablelist>
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</refsect1>
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<refsect1>
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<title>Commands</title>
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<para>The following commands are understood:</para>
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<refsect2><title>Machine Commands</title><variablelist>
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<varlistentry>
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<term><command>list</command></term>
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<listitem><para>List currently running
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(online) virtual machines and
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containers. To enumerate container
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images that can be started,
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use <command>list-images</command>
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(see below).</para></listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry>
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<term><command>status</command> <replaceable>NAME</replaceable>...</term>
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<listitem><para>Show terse runtime
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status information about one or more
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virtual machines and containers,
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followed by the most recent log data
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from the journal. This function is
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intended to generate human-readable
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output. If you are looking for
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computer-parsable output, use
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<command>show</command> instead. Note
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that the log data shown is reported by
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the virtual machine or container
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manager, and frequently contains
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console output of the machine, but not
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necessarily journal contents of the
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machine itself.</para></listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry>
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<term><command>show</command> <replaceable>NAME</replaceable>...</term>
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<listitem><para>Show properties of one
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or more registered virtual machines or
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containers or the manager itself. If
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no argument is specified, properties
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of the manager will be shown. If an
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NAME is specified, properties of this
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virtual machine or container are
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shown. By default, empty properties
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are suppressed. Use
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<option>--all</option> to show those
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too. To select specific properties to
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show, use
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<option>--property=</option>. This
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command is intended to be used
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whenever computer-parsable output is
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required. Use
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<command>status</command> if you are
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looking for formatted human-readable
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output.</para></listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry>
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<term><command>start</command> <replaceable>NAME</replaceable>...</term>
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<listitem><para>Start a container as a
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system service, using
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<citerefentry><refentrytitle>systemd-nspawn</refentrytitle><manvolnum>1</manvolnum></citerefentry>.
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This starts
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<filename>systemd-nspawn@.service</filename>,
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instantiated for the specified machine
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name, similar to the effect of
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<command>systemctl start</command> on
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the service
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name. <command>systemd-nspawn</command>
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looks for a container image by the
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specified name in
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<filename>/var/lib/container</filename>
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and runs it. Use
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<command>list-images</command> (see
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below), for listing available
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container images to start.</para>
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<para>Note that
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<citerefentry><refentrytitle>systemd-machined.service</refentrytitle><manvolnum>8</manvolnum></citerefentry>
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also interfaces with a variety of
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other container and VM managers,
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<command>systemd-nspawn</command> is
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just one implementation of it. Most of
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the commands available in
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<command>machinectl</command> may be
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used on containers or VMs controlled
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by other managers, not just
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<command>systemd-nspawn</command>. Starting
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VMs and container images on those
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managers requires manager-specific
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tools.</para>
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<para>To interactively start a
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container on the command line with
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full access to the container's
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console, please invoke
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<command>systemd-nspawn</command>
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directly. To stop a running container
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use <command>machinectl
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poweroff</command>, see
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below.</para></listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry>
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<term><command>login</command> <replaceable>NAME</replaceable></term>
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<listitem><para>Open an interactive terminal login
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session to a container. This will
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create a TTY connection to a specific
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container and asks for the execution of a
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getty on it. Note that this is only
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supported for containers running
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<citerefentry><refentrytitle>systemd</refentrytitle><manvolnum>1</manvolnum></citerefentry>
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as init system.</para>
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<para>This command will open a full
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login prompt on the container, which
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then asks for username and
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password. Use
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<citerefentry><refentrytitle>systemd-run</refentrytitle><manvolnum>1</manvolnum></citerefentry>
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with the <option>--machine=</option>
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switch to invoke a single command,
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either interactively or in the
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background within a local
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container.</para></listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry>
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<term><command>enable</command> <replaceable>NAME</replaceable>...</term>
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<term><command>disable</command> <replaceable>NAME</replaceable>...</term>
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<listitem><para>Enable or disable a
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container as a system service to start
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at system boot, using
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<citerefentry><refentrytitle>systemd-nspawn</refentrytitle><manvolnum>1</manvolnum></citerefentry>.
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This enables or disables
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<filename>systemd-nspawn@.service</filename>,
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instantiated for the specified machine
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name, similar to the effect of
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<command>systemctl enable</command> or
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<command>systemctl disable</command>
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on the service name.</para></listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry>
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<term><command>poweroff</command> <replaceable>NAME</replaceable>...</term>
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<listitem><para>Power off one or more
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containers. This will trigger a reboot
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by sending SIGRTMIN+4 to the
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container's init process, which causes
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systemd-compatible init systems to
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shut down cleanly. This operation does
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not work on containers that do not run
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a
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<citerefentry><refentrytitle>systemd</refentrytitle><manvolnum>1</manvolnum></citerefentry>-compatible
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init system, such as sysvinit. Use
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<command>terminate</command> (see
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below) to immediately terminate a
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container or VM, without cleanly
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shutting it down.</para></listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry>
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<term><command>reboot</command> <replaceable>NAME</replaceable>...</term>
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<listitem><para>Reboot one or more
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containers. This will trigger a reboot
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by sending SIGINT to the container's
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init process, which is roughly
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equivalent to pressing Ctrl+Alt+Del on
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a non-containerized system, and is
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compatible with containers running any
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system manager.</para></listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry>
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<term><command>terminate</command> <replaceable>NAME</replaceable>...</term>
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<listitem><para>Immediately terminates
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a virtual machine or container,
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without cleanly shutting it down. This
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kills all processes of the virtual
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machine or container and deallocates
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all resources attached to that
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instance. Use
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<command>poweroff</command> to issue a
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clean shutdown request.</para></listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry>
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<term><command>kill</command> <replaceable>NAME</replaceable>...</term>
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<listitem><para>Send a signal to one
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or more processes of the virtual
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machine or container. This means
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processes as seen by the host, not the
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processes inside the virtual machine
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or container.
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Use <option>--kill-who=</option> to
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select which process to kill. Use
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<option>--signal=</option> to select
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the signal to send.</para></listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry>
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<term><command>bind</command> <replaceable>NAME</replaceable> <replaceable>PATH</replaceable> [<replaceable>PATH</replaceable>]</term>
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<listitem><para>Bind mounts a
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directory from the host into the
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specified container. The first
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directory argument is the source
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directory on the host, the second
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directory argument the source
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directory on the host. When the latter
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is omitted the destination path in the
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container is the same as the source
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path on the host. When combined with
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the <option>--read-only</option>
|
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switch a ready-only bind mount is
|
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created. When combined with the
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<option>--mkdir</option> switch the
|
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destination path is first created
|
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before the mount is applied. Note that
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this option is currently only
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supported for
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<citerefentry><refentrytitle>systemd-nspawn</refentrytitle><manvolnum>1</manvolnum></citerefentry>
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containers.</para></listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry>
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<term><command>copy-to</command> <replaceable>NAME</replaceable> <replaceable>PATH</replaceable> [<replaceable>PATH</replaceable>]</term>
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<listitem><para>Copies files or
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directories from the host system into
|
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a running container. Takes a container
|
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name, followed by the source path on
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the host and the destination path in
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the container. If the destination path
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is omitted the same as the source path
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is used.</para></listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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|
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<varlistentry>
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<term><command>copy-from</command> <replaceable>NAME</replaceable> <replaceable>PATH</replaceable> [<replaceable>PATH</replaceable>]</term>
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<listitem><para>Copies files or
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directories from a container into the
|
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host system. Takes a container name,
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followed by the source path in the
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container the destination path on the
|
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host. If the destination path is
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omitted the same as the source path is
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used.</para></listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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|
</variablelist></refsect2>
|
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|
|
<refsect2><title>Image Commands</title><variablelist>
|
|
|
|
<varlistentry>
|
|
<term><command>list-images</command></term>
|
|
|
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<listitem><para>Show a list of locally
|
|
installed container and VM
|
|
images. This enumerates all raw disk
|
|
images and container directories and
|
|
subvolumes in
|
|
<filename>/var/lib/container/</filename>. Use
|
|
<command>start</command> (see above)
|
|
to run a container off one of the
|
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listed images. Note that by default
|
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containers whose name begins with a
|
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dot (<literal>.</literal>) are not
|
|
shown. To show these too, specify
|
|
<option>--all</option>. Note that a
|
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special image <literal>.host</literal>
|
|
always implicitly exists and refers to
|
|
the image the host itself is booted
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from.</para></listitem>
|
|
</varlistentry>
|
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|
|
<varlistentry>
|
|
<term><command>image-status</command> <replaceable>NAME</replaceable>...</term>
|
|
|
|
<listitem><para>Show terse status
|
|
information about one or more
|
|
container or VM images. This function
|
|
is intended to generate human-readable
|
|
output. Use
|
|
<command>show-image</command> (see
|
|
below) to generate computer-parsable
|
|
output instead.</para></listitem>
|
|
</varlistentry>
|
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|
|
<varlistentry>
|
|
<term><command>show-image</command> <replaceable>NAME</replaceable>...</term>
|
|
|
|
<listitem><para>Show properties of one
|
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or more registered virtual machine or
|
|
container images, or the manager
|
|
itself. If no argument is specified,
|
|
properties of the manager will be
|
|
shown. If an NAME is specified,
|
|
properties of this virtual machine or
|
|
container image are shown. By default,
|
|
empty properties are suppressed. Use
|
|
<option>--all</option> to show those
|
|
too. To select specific properties to
|
|
show, use
|
|
<option>--property=</option>. This
|
|
command is intended to be used
|
|
whenever computer-parsable output is
|
|
required. Use
|
|
<command>image-status</command> if you
|
|
are looking for formatted
|
|
human-readable
|
|
output.</para></listitem>
|
|
</varlistentry>
|
|
|
|
<varlistentry>
|
|
<term><command>clone</command> <replaceable>NAME</replaceable> <replaceable>NAME</replaceable></term>
|
|
|
|
<listitem><para>Clones a container or
|
|
disk image. The arguments specify the
|
|
name of the image to clone and the
|
|
name of the newly cloned image. Note
|
|
that plain directory container images
|
|
are cloned into subvolume images with
|
|
this command. Note that cloning a
|
|
container or VM image is optimized for
|
|
btrfs file systems, and might not be
|
|
efficient on others, due to file
|
|
system limitations.</para></listitem>
|
|
</varlistentry>
|
|
|
|
<varlistentry>
|
|
<term><command>rename</command> <replaceable>NAME</replaceable> <replaceable>NAME</replaceable></term>
|
|
|
|
<listitem><para>Renames a container or
|
|
disk image. The arguments specify the
|
|
name of the image to rename and the
|
|
new name of the
|
|
image.</para></listitem>
|
|
</varlistentry>
|
|
|
|
<varlistentry>
|
|
<term><command>read-only</command> <replaceable>NAME</replaceable> [<replaceable>BOOL</replaceable>]</term>
|
|
|
|
<listitem><para>Marks or (unmarks) a
|
|
container or disk image
|
|
read-only. Takes a VM or container
|
|
image name, followed by a boolean as
|
|
arguments. If the boolean is omitted,
|
|
positive is implied, i.e. the image is
|
|
marked read-only.</para></listitem>
|
|
</varlistentry>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<varlistentry>
|
|
<term><command>remove</command> <replaceable>NAME</replaceable>...</term>
|
|
|
|
<listitem><para>Removes one or more
|
|
container or disk images. The special
|
|
image <literal>.host</literal>, which
|
|
refers to the host's own directory
|
|
tree may not be
|
|
removed.</para></listitem>
|
|
</varlistentry>
|
|
|
|
|
|
</variablelist></refsect2>
|
|
|
|
</refsect1>
|
|
|
|
<refsect1>
|
|
<title>Exit status</title>
|
|
|
|
<para>On success, 0 is returned, a non-zero failure
|
|
code otherwise.</para>
|
|
</refsect1>
|
|
|
|
<xi:include href="less-variables.xml" />
|
|
|
|
<refsect1>
|
|
<title>See Also</title>
|
|
<para>
|
|
<citerefentry><refentrytitle>systemd-machined.service</refentrytitle><manvolnum>8</manvolnum></citerefentry>,
|
|
<citerefentry><refentrytitle>systemd-nspawn</refentrytitle><manvolnum>1</manvolnum></citerefentry>,
|
|
<citerefentry><refentrytitle>systemd.special</refentrytitle><manvolnum>7</manvolnum></citerefentry>
|
|
</para>
|
|
</refsect1>
|
|
|
|
</refentry>
|