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794 lines
46 KiB
XML
794 lines
46 KiB
XML
<?xml version='1.0'?> <!--*-nxml-*-->
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<?xml-stylesheet type="text/xsl" href="http://docbook.sourceforge.net/release/xsl/current/xhtml/docbook.xsl"?>
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<!DOCTYPE refentry PUBLIC "-//OASIS//DTD DocBook XML V4.2//EN"
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"http://www.oasis-open.org/docbook/xml/4.2/docbookx.dtd">
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<!--
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This file is part of systemd.
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Copyright 2010 Lennart Poettering
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systemd is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
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under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
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the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or
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(at your option) any later version.
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systemd is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but
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WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
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MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU
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General Public License for more details.
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You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
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along with systemd; If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
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-->
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<refentry id="systemd.exec">
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<refentryinfo>
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<title>systemd.exec</title>
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<productname>systemd</productname>
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<authorgroup>
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<author>
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<contrib>Developer</contrib>
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<firstname>Lennart</firstname>
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<surname>Poettering</surname>
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<email>lennart@poettering.net</email>
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</author>
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</authorgroup>
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</refentryinfo>
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<refmeta>
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<refentrytitle>systemd.exec</refentrytitle>
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<manvolnum>5</manvolnum>
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</refmeta>
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<refnamediv>
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<refname>systemd.exec</refname>
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<refpurpose>systemd execution environment configuration</refpurpose>
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</refnamediv>
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<refsynopsisdiv>
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<para><filename>systemd.service</filename>,
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<filename>systemd.socket</filename>,
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<filename>systemd.mount</filename>,
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<filename>systemd.swap</filename></para>
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</refsynopsisdiv>
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<refsect1>
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<title>Description</title>
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<para>Unit configuration files for services, sockets
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mount points and swap devices share a subset of
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configuration options which define the execution
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environment of spawned processes.</para>
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<para>This man page lists the configuration options
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shared by these three unit types. See
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<citerefentry><refentrytitle>systemd.unit</refentrytitle><manvolnum>5</manvolnum></citerefentry>
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for the common options of all unit configuration
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files, and
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<citerefentry><refentrytitle>systemd.service</refentrytitle><manvolnum>5</manvolnum></citerefentry>,
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<citerefentry><refentrytitle>systemd.socket</refentrytitle><manvolnum>5</manvolnum></citerefentry>,
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<citerefentry><refentrytitle>systemd.swap</refentrytitle><manvolnum>5</manvolnum></citerefentry>
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and
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<citerefentry><refentrytitle>systemd.mount</refentrytitle><manvolnum>5</manvolnum></citerefentry>
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for more information on the specific unit
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configuration files. The execution specific
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configuration options are configured in the [Service],
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[Socket], [Mount] resp. [Swap] section, depending on the unit
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type.</para>
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</refsect1>
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<refsect1>
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<title>Options</title>
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<variablelist>
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<varlistentry>
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<term><varname>WorkingDirectory=</varname></term>
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<listitem><para>Takes an absolute
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directory path. Sets the working
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directory for executed
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processes.</para></listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry>
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<term><varname>RootDirectory=</varname></term>
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<listitem><para>Takes an absolute
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directory path. Sets the root
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directory for executed processes, with
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the
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<citerefentry><refentrytitle>chroot</refentrytitle><manvolnum>2</manvolnum></citerefentry>
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system call. If this is used it must
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be ensured that the process and all
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its auxiliary files are available in
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the <function>chroot()</function>
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jail.</para></listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry>
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<term><varname>User=</varname></term>
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<term><varname>Group=</varname></term>
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<listitem><para>Sets the Unix user
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resp. group the processes are executed
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as. Takes a single user resp. group
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name or ID as argument. If no group is
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set the default group of the user is
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chosen.</para></listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry>
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<term><varname>SupplementaryGroups=</varname></term>
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<listitem><para>Sets the supplementary
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Unix groups the processes are executed
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as. This takes a space separated list
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of group names or IDs. This option may
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be specified more than once in which
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case all listed groups are set as
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supplementary groups. This option does
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not override but extends the list of
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supplementary groups configured in the
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system group database for the
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user.</para></listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry>
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<term><varname>Nice=</varname></term>
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<listitem><para>Sets the default nice
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level (scheduling priority) for
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executed processes. Takes an integer
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between -20 (highest priority) and 19
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(lowest priority). See
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<citerefentry><refentrytitle>setpriority</refentrytitle><manvolnum>2</manvolnum></citerefentry>
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for details.</para></listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry>
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<term><varname>OOMScoreAdjust=</varname></term>
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<listitem><para>Sets the adjustment
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level for the Out-Of-Memory killer for
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executed processes. Takes an integer
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between -1000 (to disable OOM killing
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for this process) and 1000 (to make
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killing of this process under memory
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pressure very likely). See <ulink
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url="http://www.kernel.org/doc/Documentation/filesystems/proc.txt">proc.txt</ulink>
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for details.</para></listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry>
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<term><varname>IOSchedulingClass=</varname></term>
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<listitem><para>Sets the IO scheduling
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class for executed processes. Takes an
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integer between 0 and 3 or one of the
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strings <option>none</option>,
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<option>realtime</option>,
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<option>best-effort</option> or
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<option>idle</option>. See
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<citerefentry><refentrytitle>ioprio_set</refentrytitle><manvolnum>2</manvolnum></citerefentry>
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for details.</para></listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry>
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<term><varname>IOSchedulingPriority=</varname></term>
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<listitem><para>Sets the IO scheduling
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priority for executed processes. Takes
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an integer between 0 (highest
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priority) and 7 (lowest priority). The
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available priorities depend on the
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selected IO scheduling class (see
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above). See
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<citerefentry><refentrytitle>ioprio_set</refentrytitle><manvolnum>2</manvolnum></citerefentry>
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for details.</para></listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry>
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<term><varname>CPUSchedulingPolicy=</varname></term>
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<listitem><para>Sets the CPU
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scheduling policy for executed
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processes. Takes one of
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<option>other</option>,
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<option>batch</option>,
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<option>idle</option>,
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<option>fifo</option> or
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<option>rr</option>. See
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<citerefentry><refentrytitle>sched_setscheduler</refentrytitle><manvolnum>2</manvolnum></citerefentry>
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for details.</para></listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry>
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<term><varname>CPUSchedulingPriority=</varname></term>
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<listitem><para>Sets the CPU
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scheduling priority for executed
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processes. Takes an integer between 1
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(lowest priority) and 99 (highest
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priority). The available priority
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range depends on the selected CPU
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scheduling policy (see above). See
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<citerefentry><refentrytitle>sched_setscheduler</refentrytitle><manvolnum>2</manvolnum></citerefentry>
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for details.</para></listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry>
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<term><varname>CPUSchedulingResetOnFork=</varname></term>
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<listitem><para>Takes a boolean
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argument. If true elevated CPU
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scheduling priorities and policies
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will be reset when the executed
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processes fork, and can hence not leak
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into child processes. See
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<citerefentry><refentrytitle>sched_setscheduler</refentrytitle><manvolnum>2</manvolnum></citerefentry>
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for details. Defaults to false.</para></listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry>
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<term><varname>CPUAffinity=</varname></term>
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<listitem><para>Controls the CPU
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affinity of the executed
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processes. Takes a space-separated
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list of CPU indexes. See
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<citerefentry><refentrytitle>sched_setaffinity</refentrytitle><manvolnum>2</manvolnum></citerefentry>
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for details.</para></listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry>
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<term><varname>UMask=</varname></term>
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<listitem><para>Controls the file mode
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creation mask. Takes an access mode in
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octal notation. See
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<citerefentry><refentrytitle>umask</refentrytitle><manvolnum>2</manvolnum></citerefentry>
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for details. Defaults to
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0002.</para></listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry>
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<term><varname>Environment=</varname></term>
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<listitem><para>Sets environment
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variables for executed
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processes. Takes a space-separated
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list of variable assignments. This
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option may be specified more than once
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in which case all listed variables
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will be set. If the same variable is
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set twice the later setting will
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override the earlier setting. See
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<citerefentry><refentrytitle>environ</refentrytitle><manvolnum>7</manvolnum></citerefentry>
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for details.</para></listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry>
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<term><varname>EnvironmentFile=</varname></term>
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<listitem><para>Similar to
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<varname>Environment=</varname> but
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reads the environment variables from a
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text file. The text file should
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contain new-line separated variable
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assignments. Empty lines and lines
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starting with ; or # will be ignored,
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which may be used for commenting. The
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argument passed should be an absolute
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file name, optionally prefixed with
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"-", which indicates that if the file
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does not exist it won't be read and no
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error or warning message is
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logged. The files listed with this
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directive will be read shortly before
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the process is executed. Settings from
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these files override settings made
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with
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<varname>Environment=</varname>. If
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the same variable is set twice from
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these files the files will be read in
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the order they are specified and the
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later setting will override the
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earlier setting. </para></listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry>
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<term><varname>StandardInput=</varname></term>
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<listitem><para>Controls where file
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descriptor 0 (STDIN) of the executed
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processes is connected to. Takes one
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of <option>null</option>,
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<option>tty</option>,
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<option>tty-force</option>,
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<option>tty-fail</option> or
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<option>socket</option>. If
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<option>null</option> is selected
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standard input will be connected to
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<filename>/dev/null</filename>,
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i.e. all read attempts by the process
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will result in immediate EOF. If
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<option>tty</option> is selected
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standard input is connected to a TTY
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(as configured by
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<varname>TTYPath=</varname>, see
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below) and the executed process
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becomes the controlling process of the
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terminal. If the terminal is already
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being controlled by another process the
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executed process waits until the current
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controlling process releases the
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terminal.
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<option>tty-force</option>
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is similar to <option>tty</option>,
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but the executed process is forcefully
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and immediately made the controlling
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process of the terminal, potentially
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removing previous controlling
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processes from the
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terminal. <option>tty-fail</option> is
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similar to <option>tty</option> but if
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the terminal already has a controlling
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process start-up of the executed
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process fails. The
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<option>socket</option> option is only
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valid in socket-activated services,
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and only when the socket configuration
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file (see
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<citerefentry><refentrytitle>systemd.socket</refentrytitle><manvolnum>5</manvolnum></citerefentry>
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for details) specifies a single socket
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only. If this option is set standard
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input will be connected to the socket
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the service was activated from, which
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is primarily useful for compatibility
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with daemons designed for use with the
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traditional
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<citerefentry><refentrytitle>inetd</refentrytitle><manvolnum>8</manvolnum></citerefentry>
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daemon. This setting defaults to
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<option>null</option>.</para></listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry>
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<term><varname>StandardOutput=</varname></term>
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<listitem><para>Controls where file
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descriptor 1 (STDOUT) of the executed
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processes is connected to. Takes one
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of <option>inherit</option>,
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<option>null</option>,
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<option>tty</option>,
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<option>syslog</option>,
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<option>kmsg</option>,
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<option>kmsg+console</option>,
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<option>syslog+console</option> or
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<option>socket</option>. If set to
|
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<option>inherit</option> the file
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descriptor of standard input is
|
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duplicated for standard output. If set
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to <option>null</option> standard
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|
output will be connected to
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<filename>/dev/null</filename>,
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i.e. everything written to it will be
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lost. If set to <option>tty</option>
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standard output will be connected to a
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tty (as configured via
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<varname>TTYPath=</varname>, see
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below). If the TTY is used for output
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only the executed process will not
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become the controlling process of the
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terminal, and will not fail or wait
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for other processes to release the
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terminal. <option>syslog</option>
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connects standard output to the
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<citerefentry><refentrytitle>syslog</refentrytitle><manvolnum>3</manvolnum></citerefentry>
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system logger. <option>kmsg</option>
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connects it with the kernel log buffer
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|
which is accessible via
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<citerefentry><refentrytitle>dmesg</refentrytitle><manvolnum>1</manvolnum></citerefentry>. <option>syslog+console</option>
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and <option>kmsg+console</option> work
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similarly but copy the output to the
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system console as
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well. <option>socket</option> connects
|
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standard output to a socket from
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socket activation, semantics are
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similar to the respective option of
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<varname>StandardInput=</varname>.
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This setting defaults to
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<option>inherit</option>.</para></listitem>
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</varlistentry>
|
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<varlistentry>
|
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<term><varname>StandardError=</varname></term>
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<listitem><para>Controls where file
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descriptor 2 (STDERR) of the executed
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processes is connected to. The
|
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available options are identical to
|
|
those of
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<varname>StandardOutput=</varname>,
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with one exception: if set to
|
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<option>inherit</option> the file
|
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descriptor used for standard output is
|
|
duplicated for standard error. This
|
|
setting defaults to
|
|
<option>inherit</option>.</para></listitem>
|
|
</varlistentry>
|
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<varlistentry>
|
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<term><varname>TTYPath=</varname></term>
|
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<listitem><para>Sets the terminal
|
|
device node to use if standard input,
|
|
output or stderr are connected to a
|
|
TTY (see above). Defaults to
|
|
<filename>/dev/console</filename>.</para></listitem>
|
|
</varlistentry>
|
|
<varlistentry>
|
|
<term><varname>SyslogIdentifier=</varname></term>
|
|
<listitem><para>Sets the process name
|
|
to prefix log lines sent to syslog or
|
|
the kernel log buffer with. If not set
|
|
defaults to the process name of the
|
|
executed process. This option is only
|
|
useful when
|
|
<varname>StandardOutput=</varname> or
|
|
<varname>StandardError=</varname> are
|
|
set to <option>syslog</option> or
|
|
<option>kmsg</option>.</para></listitem>
|
|
</varlistentry>
|
|
<varlistentry>
|
|
<term><varname>SyslogFacility=</varname></term>
|
|
<listitem><para>Sets the syslog
|
|
facility to use when logging to
|
|
syslog. One of <option>kern</option>,
|
|
<option>user</option>,
|
|
<option>mail</option>,
|
|
<option>daemon</option>,
|
|
<option>auth</option>,
|
|
<option>syslog</option>,
|
|
<option>lpr</option>,
|
|
<option>news</option>,
|
|
<option>uucp</option>,
|
|
<option>cron</option>,
|
|
<option>authpriv</option>,
|
|
<option>ftp</option>,
|
|
<option>local0</option>,
|
|
<option>local1</option>,
|
|
<option>local2</option>,
|
|
<option>local3</option>,
|
|
<option>local4</option>,
|
|
<option>local5</option>,
|
|
<option>local6</option> or
|
|
<option>local7</option>. See
|
|
<citerefentry><refentrytitle>syslog</refentrytitle><manvolnum>3</manvolnum></citerefentry>
|
|
for details. This option is only
|
|
useful when
|
|
<varname>StandardOutput=</varname> or
|
|
<varname>StandardError=</varname> are
|
|
set to <option>syslog</option>.
|
|
Defaults to
|
|
<option>daemon</option>.</para></listitem>
|
|
</varlistentry>
|
|
<varlistentry>
|
|
<term><varname>SyslogLevel=</varname></term>
|
|
<listitem><para>Default syslog level
|
|
to use when logging to syslog or the
|
|
kernel log buffer. One of
|
|
<option>emerg</option>,
|
|
<option>alert</option>,
|
|
<option>crit</option>,
|
|
<option>err</option>,
|
|
<option>warning</option>,
|
|
<option>notice</option>,
|
|
<option>info</option>,
|
|
<option>debug</option>. See
|
|
<citerefentry><refentrytitle>syslog</refentrytitle><manvolnum>3</manvolnum></citerefentry>
|
|
for details. This option is only
|
|
useful when
|
|
<varname>StandardOutput=</varname> or
|
|
<varname>StandardError=</varname> are
|
|
set to <option>syslog</option> or
|
|
<option>kmsg</option>. Note that
|
|
individual lines output by the daemon
|
|
might be prefixed with a different log
|
|
level which can be used to override
|
|
the default log level specified
|
|
here. The interpretation of these
|
|
prefixes may be disabled with
|
|
<varname>SyslogLevelPrefix=</varname>,
|
|
see below. For details see
|
|
<citerefentry><refentrytitle>sd-daemon</refentrytitle><manvolnum>7</manvolnum></citerefentry>.
|
|
|
|
Defaults to
|
|
<option>info</option>.</para></listitem>
|
|
</varlistentry>
|
|
|
|
<varlistentry>
|
|
<term><varname>SyslogLevelPrefix=</varname></term>
|
|
<listitem><para>Takes a boolean
|
|
argument. If true and
|
|
<varname>StandardOutput=</varname> or
|
|
<varname>StandardError=</varname> are
|
|
set to <option>syslog</option> or
|
|
<option>kmsg</option> log lines
|
|
written by the executed process that
|
|
are prefixed with a log level will be
|
|
passed on to syslog with this log
|
|
level set but the prefix removed. If
|
|
set to false, the interpretation of
|
|
these prefixes is disabled and the
|
|
logged lines are passed on as-is. For
|
|
details about this prefixing see
|
|
<citerefentry><refentrytitle>sd-daemon</refentrytitle><manvolnum>7</manvolnum></citerefentry>.
|
|
Defaults to true.</para></listitem>
|
|
</varlistentry>
|
|
|
|
<varlistentry>
|
|
<term><varname>TimerSlackNSec=</varname></term>
|
|
<listitem><para>Sets the timer slack
|
|
in nanoseconds for the executed
|
|
processes. The timer slack controls the
|
|
accuracy of wake-ups triggered by
|
|
timers. See
|
|
<citerefentry><refentrytitle>prctl</refentrytitle><manvolnum>2</manvolnum></citerefentry>
|
|
for more information. Note that in
|
|
contrast to most other time span
|
|
definitions this parameter takes an
|
|
integer value in nano-seconds and does
|
|
not understand any other
|
|
units.</para></listitem>
|
|
</varlistentry>
|
|
|
|
<varlistentry>
|
|
<term><varname>LimitCPU=</varname></term>
|
|
<term><varname>LimitFSIZE=</varname></term>
|
|
<term><varname>LimitDATA=</varname></term>
|
|
<term><varname>LimitSTACK=</varname></term>
|
|
<term><varname>LimitCORE=</varname></term>
|
|
<term><varname>LimitRSS=</varname></term>
|
|
<term><varname>LimitNOFILE=</varname></term>
|
|
<term><varname>LimitAS=</varname></term>
|
|
<term><varname>LimitNPROC=</varname></term>
|
|
<term><varname>LimitMEMLOCK=</varname></term>
|
|
<term><varname>LimitLOCKS=</varname></term>
|
|
<term><varname>LimitSIGPENDING=</varname></term>
|
|
<term><varname>LimitMSGQUEUE=</varname></term>
|
|
<term><varname>LimitNICE=</varname></term>
|
|
<term><varname>LimitRTPRIO=</varname></term>
|
|
<term><varname>LimitRTTIME=</varname></term>
|
|
<listitem><para>These settings control
|
|
various resource limits for executed
|
|
processes. See
|
|
<citerefentry><refentrytitle>setrlimit</refentrytitle><manvolnum>2</manvolnum></citerefentry>
|
|
for details.</para></listitem>
|
|
</varlistentry>
|
|
|
|
<varlistentry>
|
|
<term><varname>PAMName=</varname></term>
|
|
<listitem><para>Sets the PAM service
|
|
name to set up a session as. If set
|
|
the executed process will be
|
|
registered as a PAM session under the
|
|
specified service name. This is only
|
|
useful in conjunction with the
|
|
<varname>User=</varname> setting. If
|
|
not set no PAM session will be opened
|
|
for the executed processes. See
|
|
<citerefentry><refentrytitle>pam</refentrytitle><manvolnum>8</manvolnum></citerefentry>
|
|
for details.</para></listitem>
|
|
</varlistentry>
|
|
|
|
<varlistentry>
|
|
<term><varname>TCPWrapName=</varname></term>
|
|
<listitem><para>If this is a
|
|
socket-activated service this sets the
|
|
tcpwrap service name to check the
|
|
permission for the current connection
|
|
with. This is only useful in
|
|
conjunction with socket-activated
|
|
services, and stream sockets (TCP) in
|
|
particular. It has no effect on other
|
|
socket types (e.g. datagram/UDP) and on processes
|
|
unrelated to socket-based
|
|
activation. If the tcpwrap
|
|
verification fails daemon start-up
|
|
will fail and the connection is
|
|
terminated. See
|
|
<citerefentry><refentrytitle>tcpd</refentrytitle><manvolnum>8</manvolnum></citerefentry>
|
|
for details.</para></listitem>
|
|
</varlistentry>
|
|
|
|
<varlistentry>
|
|
<term><varname>Capabilities=</varname></term>
|
|
<listitem><para>Controls the
|
|
<citerefentry><refentrytitle>capabilities</refentrytitle><manvolnum>7</manvolnum></citerefentry>
|
|
set for the executed process. Take a
|
|
capability string as described in
|
|
<citerefentry><refentrytitle>cap_from_text</refentrytitle><manvolnum>3</manvolnum></citerefentry>.
|
|
Note that this capability set is
|
|
usually influenced by the capabilities
|
|
attached to the executed
|
|
file.</para></listitem>
|
|
</varlistentry>
|
|
|
|
<varlistentry>
|
|
<term><varname>SecureBits=</varname></term>
|
|
<listitem><para>Controls the secure
|
|
bits set for the executed process. See
|
|
<citerefentry><refentrytitle>capabilities</refentrytitle><manvolnum>7</manvolnum></citerefentry>
|
|
for details. Takes a list of strings:
|
|
<option>keep-caps</option>,
|
|
<option>keep-caps-locked</option>,
|
|
<option>no-setuid-fixup</option>,
|
|
<option>no-setuid-fixup-locked</option>,
|
|
<option>no-setuid-noroot</option> and/or
|
|
<option>no-setuid-noroot-locked</option>.
|
|
</para></listitem>
|
|
</varlistentry>
|
|
|
|
<varlistentry>
|
|
<term><varname>CapabilityBoundingSetDrop=</varname></term>
|
|
|
|
<listitem><para>Controls the
|
|
capability bounding set drop set for
|
|
the executed process. See
|
|
<citerefentry><refentrytitle>capabilities</refentrytitle><manvolnum>7</manvolnum></citerefentry>
|
|
for details. Takes a list of
|
|
capability names as read by
|
|
<citerefentry><refentrytitle>cap_from_name</refentrytitle><manvolnum>3</manvolnum></citerefentry>.
|
|
</para></listitem>
|
|
</varlistentry>
|
|
|
|
<varlistentry>
|
|
<term><varname>ControlGroup=</varname></term>
|
|
|
|
<listitem><para>Controls the control
|
|
groups the executed processes shall be
|
|
made members of. Takes a
|
|
space-separated list of cgroup
|
|
identifiers. A cgroup identifier has a
|
|
format like
|
|
<filename>cpu:/foo/bar</filename>,
|
|
where "cpu" identifies the kernel
|
|
control group controller used, and
|
|
<filename>/foo/bar</filename> is the
|
|
control group path. The controller name
|
|
and ":" may be omitted in which case
|
|
the named systemd control group
|
|
hierarchy is implied. Alternatively,
|
|
the path and ":" may be omitted, in
|
|
which case the default control group
|
|
path for this unit is implied. This
|
|
option may be used to place executed
|
|
processes in arbitrary groups in
|
|
arbitrary hierachies -- which can be
|
|
configured externally with additional execution limits. By default
|
|
systemd will place all executed
|
|
processes in separate per-unit control
|
|
groups (named after the unit) in the
|
|
systemd named hierarchy. Since every
|
|
process can be in one group per
|
|
hierarchy only overriding the control group
|
|
path in the named systemd hierarchy
|
|
will disable automatic placement in
|
|
the default group. For details about control
|
|
groups see <ulink
|
|
url="http://www.kernel.org/doc/Documentation/cgroups/cgroups.txt">cgroups.txt</ulink>.</para></listitem>
|
|
</varlistentry>
|
|
|
|
<varlistentry>
|
|
<term><varname>ReadWriteDirectories=</varname></term>
|
|
<term><varname>ReadOnlyDirectories=</varname></term>
|
|
<term><varname>InaccessibleDirectories=</varname></term>
|
|
|
|
<listitem><para>Sets up a new
|
|
file-system name space for executed
|
|
processes. These options may be used
|
|
to limit access a process might have
|
|
to the main file-system
|
|
hierarchy. Each setting takes a
|
|
space-separated list of absolute
|
|
directory paths. Directories listed in
|
|
<varname>ReadWriteDirectories=</varname>
|
|
are accessible from within the
|
|
namespace with the same access rights
|
|
as from outside. Directories listed in
|
|
<varname>ReadOnlyDirectories=</varname>
|
|
are accessible for reading only,
|
|
writing will be refused even if the
|
|
usual file access controls would
|
|
permit this. Directories listed in
|
|
<varname>InaccessibleDirectories=</varname>
|
|
will be made inaccesible for processes
|
|
inside the namespace. Note that
|
|
restricting access with these options
|
|
does not extend to submounts of a
|
|
directory. You must list submounts
|
|
separately in these settings to
|
|
ensure the same limited access. These
|
|
options may be specified more than
|
|
once in which case all directories
|
|
listed will have limited access from
|
|
within the
|
|
namespace.</para></listitem>
|
|
</varlistentry>
|
|
|
|
<varlistentry>
|
|
<term><varname>PrivateTmp=</varname></term>
|
|
|
|
<listitem><para>Takes a boolean
|
|
argument. If true sets up a new
|
|
namespace for the executed processes
|
|
and mounts a private
|
|
<filename>/tmp</filename> directory
|
|
inside it, that is not shared by
|
|
processes outside of the
|
|
namespace. This is useful to secure
|
|
access to temporary files of the
|
|
process, but makes sharing between
|
|
processes via
|
|
<filename>/tmp</filename>
|
|
impossible. Defaults to false.</para></listitem>
|
|
</varlistentry>
|
|
|
|
<varlistentry>
|
|
<term><varname>MountFlags=</varname></term>
|
|
|
|
<listitem><para>Takes a mount
|
|
propagation flag:
|
|
<option>shared</option>,
|
|
<option>slave</option> or
|
|
<option>private</option>, which
|
|
control whether namespaces set up with
|
|
<varname>ReadWriteDirectories=</varname>,
|
|
<varname>ReadOnlyDirectories=</varname>
|
|
and
|
|
<varname>InaccessibleDirectories=</varname>
|
|
receive or propagate new mounts
|
|
from/to the main namespace. See
|
|
<citerefentry><refentrytitle>mount</refentrytitle><manvolnum>1</manvolnum></citerefentry>
|
|
for details. Defaults to
|
|
<option>shared</option>, i.e. the new
|
|
namespace will both receive new mount
|
|
points from the main namespace as well
|
|
as propagate new mounts to
|
|
it.</para></listitem>
|
|
</varlistentry>
|
|
|
|
<varlistentry>
|
|
<term><varname>UtmpIdentifier=</varname></term>
|
|
|
|
<listitem><para>Takes a a four
|
|
character identifier string for an
|
|
utmp/wtmp entry for this service. This
|
|
should only be set for services such
|
|
as <command>getty</command>
|
|
implementations where utmp/wtmp
|
|
entries must be created and cleared
|
|
before and after execution. If the
|
|
configured string is longer than four
|
|
characters it is truncated and the
|
|
terminal four characters are
|
|
used. This setting interprets %I style
|
|
string replacements. This setting is
|
|
unset by default, i.e. no utmp/wtmp
|
|
entries are created or cleaned up for
|
|
this service.</para></listitem>
|
|
</varlistentry>
|
|
|
|
</variablelist>
|
|
</refsect1>
|
|
|
|
<refsect1>
|
|
<title>See Also</title>
|
|
<para>
|
|
<citerefentry><refentrytitle>systemd</refentrytitle><manvolnum>1</manvolnum></citerefentry>,
|
|
<citerefentry><refentrytitle>systemctl</refentrytitle><manvolnum>8</manvolnum></citerefentry>,
|
|
<citerefentry><refentrytitle>systemd.unit</refentrytitle><manvolnum>5</manvolnum></citerefentry>,
|
|
<citerefentry><refentrytitle>systemd.service</refentrytitle><manvolnum>5</manvolnum></citerefentry>,
|
|
<citerefentry><refentrytitle>systemd.socket</refentrytitle><manvolnum>5</manvolnum></citerefentry>,
|
|
<citerefentry><refentrytitle>systemd.swap</refentrytitle><manvolnum>5</manvolnum></citerefentry>,
|
|
<citerefentry><refentrytitle>systemd.mount</refentrytitle><manvolnum>5</manvolnum></citerefentry>
|
|
</para>
|
|
</refsect1>
|
|
|
|
</refentry>
|