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The Samba 2.2 PDC FAQ
David Bannon
La Trobe University
_________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________
Comments, corrections and additions to <D.Bannon@latrobe.edu.au>
This is the FAQ for Samba 2.2 as an NTDomain controller. This document
is derived from the origional FAQ that was built and maintained by
Gerald Carter from the early days of Samba NTDomain development up
until recently. It is now being updated as significent changes are
made to 2.2.0.
Please note it does not apply to Samba2.2alpha0, Samba2.2alpha1, Samba
2.0.7, TNG nor HEAD branch.
I'll repeat, it does not apply to the current snapshot [ftp
mirror]:/pub/samba/alpha/samba-2.2.0-alpha1.tar.gz, only to the to the
current cvs.
Also available is a Samba 2.2 PDC HowTo that takes you, step by step,
over the process of setting up a very basic Samba 2.2 Primary Domain
Controller
Note: Please read the Introduction for the current state of play.
Table of Contents
1. Introduction
State of Play
Introduction
2. General Information
What can we do ?
What can Samba Primary Domain Controller (PDC) do ?
Can I have a Windows 2000 client logon to a Samba
controlled domain?
What's the status of print spool (spoolss) support in the
NTDOM code?
CVS
What are the different Samba branches available in CVS ?
What are the CVS commands ?
3. Establishing Connections
How do I get my NT4 or W2000 Workstation to login to the
Samba controlled Domain?
What is a 'machine account' ?
"The machine account for this computer either does not
exist or is not accessable."
How do I create machine accounts manually ?
I cannot include a '$' in a machine name.
I get told "You already have a connection to the
Domain...." when creating a machine account.
I get told "Cannot join domain, the credentials supplied
conflict with an existing set.."
"The system can not log you on (C000019B)...."
4. User Account Management
Domain Admins
How do I configure an account as a domain administrator?
Profiles
Why is it bad to set "logon path = \\%N\%U\profile" in
smb.conf? ?
Why are all the users listed in the "domain admin users"
using the same profile?
The roaming profiles do not seem to be updating on the
server.
Policies
What are 'Policies' ?.
I can't get system policies to work.
What about Windows NT Policy Editor ?
Can Win95 do Policies ?
Passwords
What is password sync and should I use it ?
How do I get remote password (unix and SMB) changing
working ?
5. Miscellaneous
What editor can I use in DOS/Windows that won't mess with
my unix EOF
How do I get 'User Manager' and 'Server Manager'
The time setting from a Samba server does not work.
"trust account xxx should be in DOMAIN_GROUP_RID_USERS"
How do I get my samba server to become a member ( not PDC )
of an NT domain?
6. Troubleshooting and Bug Reporting
Diagnostic tools
What are some diagnostics tools I can use to debug the
domain logon process and where can I find them?
How do I install 'Network Monitor' on an NT Workstation or
a Windows 9x box?
What other help can I get ?
URLs and similar
How do I get help from the mailing lists ?
How do I get off the mailing lists ?
_________________________________________________________________
Chapter 1. Introduction
State of Play
It should be noted that 2.2.0 in its pre-release form still has a few
problems, I'll try and keep this section current while things are
still dynamic. At the time of this update (November 13, 2000) the
current state of play is :
Comments here about W2K joining the domain apply only to Samba 2.2
from the CVS after November 27th. The 'snapshot' release
Samba2.2alpha1 does not work !!! See below on how to get a CVS tree.
Client Side creation of Machine accounts does work but is not
complete. Firstly, the add user script runs as the user who's name was
entered, not as root. Secondly, the machine name passed to the script
(%U) has an underscore at the end, not a '$'. One alternative is to
use %m and add the $. This method is documented in the HowTo. And
thirdly, it does not work with NT4ws.
A W2K machine can join the domain. See the HowTo which explains the
process. The methods described are 'work arounds' and should be
regarded as temporary. Although I (drb) have tested these procedures a
number of people have had difficulty so there may be other issues at
work. JFM is aware of these problems and will attend to them when he
can.
A Domain Admin account is required and at present it appears that only
root is a suitable candidate.
Much of the related code does work. For example, if an NT is removed
from the domain and then rejoins, the Create a Computer Account in the
Domain dialog will let you reset the smbpasswd. That is you don't need
to do it from the unix box. However, at the present, you do need to
have root as an administrator and use the root user name and password.
Actually I'm not sure that last paragraph is correct ....
Policies do work on a W2K machine. MS says that recent builds of W2K
dont observe an NT policy but it appears it does in 'legacy' mode.
_________________________________________________________________
Introduction
This FAQ was origionally compiled by Jerry Carter (gc) chiefly dealing
with the 'old head' version of Samba and its NTDomain facilities. It
is being rewritten by David Bannon (drb) so that it addresses more
accurately the Samba 2.2 planned for release late 2000.
This document probably still contains some material that does not
apply to Samba 2.2 but most (all?) of the really misleading stuff has
been removed. Some issues are not dealt with or are dealt with badly.
Please send corrections and additions to David Bannon at
D.Bannon@latrobe.edu.au
Hopefully, as we all become familiar with the Samba 2.2 as a PDC this
document will become much more usefull.
_________________________________________________________________
Chapter 2. General Information
What can we do ?
What can Samba Primary Domain Controller (PDC) do ?
If you wish to have Samba act as a PDC for Windows NT 3.51.and 4.0 or
W2000 client, then you will need to obtain the 2.2.0 version,
currently in pre-release. Release of a stable, full featured Samba PDC
is currently slated for version 3.0.
The following is a list of included features currently in Samba 2.2:
* The ability to act as a limited PDC for Windows NT and W2000
clients. This includes adding NT and W2K machines to the domain
and authenticating users logging into the domain.
* Domain account can be viewed using the User Manager for Domains
????
* Viewing resources on the Samba PDC via the Server Manager for
Domains from the NT client. ??
* Windows 95 clients will allow user level security to be set but
will not currently allow browsing of accounts.
* Machine account password updates.
* Changing of user passwords from an NT client.
* Partial support for Windows NT group and username mapping.
* Support for a LDAP password database backend.
* Printing.
These things are note expected to work in the forseeable future
* Trust relationships
* PDC and BDC integration
* Windows NT ACLs (on the Samba shares)
* Offer a list of domain users to User Manager for Domains (or the
Security Tab etc).
_________________________________________________________________
Can I have a Windows 2000 client logon to a Samba controlled domain?
The 2.2 release branch of Samba supports Windows 2000 domain clients
in legacy mode, ie as if the PDC is a NTServer, not a W2K server.
_________________________________________________________________
What's the status of print spool (spoolss) support in the NTDOM code?
The implementation of support for SPOOLSS pipe is complete and it will
be available in the 2.2.0 release. This means that Samba will support
the automatic downloading of printer drivers for Windows NT clients
just as it currently does for Windows 9x clients.
_________________________________________________________________
CVS
CVS is a programme (publically available) that the Samba developers
use to maintain the central source code. Non developers can get access
to the source in a read only capacity. Many flavours of unix now
arrive with cvs installed.
_________________________________________________________________
What are the different Samba branches available in CVS ?
You can find out more about obtaining Samba's via anonymous CVS from
http://pserver.samba.org/samba/cvs.html".
There are basically four branches to watch at the moment :
HEAD
Samba 3.0 ? This code boasts all the main development work in
Samba. Two things that most people are not aware of which live
in the HEAD branch code are winbind NSS module and Tim Potter's
VFS implementation. Due to its developmental nature, its not
really suitable for production work.
SAMBA_2_0
This branch contains the current stable release release. At the
moment it contains 2.0.7, a version that will do some limited
PDC stuff. If you are really going to do PDC things then I
(drb) suggest that you consider 2.2 instead.
SAMBA_2_2
The next stable release, currently in a 'alpha' form. It
provides the Samba developers, testers and interested people
with an approximation of what is to come. This document
addresses only SAMBA_2_2.
SAMBA_TNG
This branch is no longer maintained from the Samba sites.
Please see http://www.samba-tng.org/. It has been requested
that questions about TNG are not posted to the regular Samba
mailing lists including samba-ntdom and samba-technical.
_________________________________________________________________
What are the CVS commands ?
See http://pserver.samba.org/samba/cvs.html
To get the Samba 2.2 version, tag SAMBA_2_2 you would do :
* For example : cd /usr/local/src/
* cvs -d :pserver:cvs@pserver.samba.org:/cvsroot login
* When prompted enter a password of cvs
* cvs -d :pserver:cvs@pserver.samba.org:/cvsroot co -r SAMBA_2_2
samba
Then to update that directory at some later time,
* cd /usr/local/src/samba
* cvs -d :pserver:cvs@pserver.samba.org:/cvsroot login
* When prompted enter a password of 'cvs'.
* cvs update -d -P
_________________________________________________________________
Chapter 3. Establishing Connections
How do I get my NT4 or W2000 Workstation to login to the Samba controlled
Domain?
There is a comprehensive Samba PDC HowTo accessable from the samba web
site under 'Documentation'. Its currently located at
http://bioserve.latrobe.edu.au/samba. Read it.
_________________________________________________________________
What is a 'machine account' ?
Every NT, W2K or Samba machine that joins a Samba controlled domain
must be known to the Samba PDC. There are two entries required, one in
(typically) /etc/passwd and the other in (typically)
/usr/local/samba/private/smbpasswd. Under some circumstances these
entries are made manually, the HowTo discusses ways of creating them
automatically.
_________________________________________________________________
"The machine account for this computer either does not exist or is not
accessable."
When I try to join the domain I get the message "The machine account
for this computer either does not exist or is not accessable". Whats
wrong ?
This problem is caused by the PDC not having a suitable machine
account. If you are using the add user script = method to create
accounts then this would indicate that it has not worked. Ensure the
domain admin user system is working.
Alternatively if you are creating account entries manually then they
have not been created correctly. Make sure that you have the entry
correct for the machine account in smbpasswd file on the Samba PDC. If
you added the account using an editor rather than using the smbpasswd
utility, make sure that the account name is the machine netbios name
with a '$' appended to it ( ie. computer_name$ ). There must be an
entry in both /etc/passwd and the smbpasswd file. Some people have
reported that inconsistent subnet masks between the Samba server and
the NT client have caused this problem. Make sure that these are
consistent for both client and server.
_________________________________________________________________
How do I create machine accounts manually ?
This was the only option until recently, now in version 2.2 better
means are available. You might still need to do it manually for a
couple of reasons. A machine account consists of two entries (assuming
a standard install and /etc/passwd use), one in /etc/passwd and the
other in /usr/local/samba/private/smbpasswd. The /etc/passwd entry
will list the machine name with a $ appended, won't have a passwd,
will have a null shell and no home directory. For example a machine
called 'doppy' would have an /etc/passwd entry like this :
doppy$:x:505:501:NTMachine:/dev/null:/bin/false
On a linux system for example, you would typically add it like this :
adduser -g machines -c NTMachine -d /dev/null -s /bin/false -n doppy$
Then you need to add that entry to smbpasswd, assuming you have a
suitable path to the smbpasswd programme, do this :
smbpasswd -a -m doppy$
The entry will be created with a well known password, so any machine
that says its doppy could join the domain as long as it gets in first.
So don't create the accounts any earlier than you need them.
_________________________________________________________________
I cannot include a '$' in a machine name.
A 'machine name' in (typically) /etc/passwd consists of the machine
name with a '$' appended. FreeBSD (and other BSD systems ?) won't
create a user with a '$' in their name.
The problem is only in the program used to make the entry, once made,
it works perfectly. So create a user without the '$' and use vipw to
edit the entry, adding the '$'. Or create the whole entry with vipw if
you like, make sure you use a unique uid !
_________________________________________________________________
I get told "You already have a connection to the Domain...." when creating a
machine account.
This happens if you try to create a machine account from the machine
itself and use a user name that does not work (for whatever reason)
and then try another (possibly valid) user name. Exit out of the
network applet to close the initial connection and try again.
Further, if the machine is a already a 'member of a workgroup' that is
the same name as the domain you are joining (bad idea) you will get
this message. Change the workgroup name to something else, it does not
matter what, reboot, and try again.
_________________________________________________________________
I get told "Cannot join domain, the credentials supplied conflict with an
existing set.."
This is the same basic problem as mentioned above, "You already have a
connection..."
_________________________________________________________________
"The system can not log you on (C000019B)...."
I joined the domain successfully but after upgrading to a newer
version of the Samba code I get the message, "The system can not log
you on (C000019B), Please try a gain or consult your system
administrator" when attempting to logon.
This occurs when the domain SID stored in private/WORKGROUP.SID is
changed. For example, you remove the file and smbd automatically
creates a new one. Or you are swapping back and forth between versions
2.0.7, TNG and the HEAD branch code (not recommended). The only way to
correct the problem is to restore the original domain SID or remove
the domain client from the domain and rejoin.
_________________________________________________________________
Chapter 4. User Account Management
Domain Admins
How do I configure an account as a domain administrator?
See the NTDom HowTo.
_________________________________________________________________
Profiles
Why is it bad to set "logon path = \\%N\%U\profile" in smb.conf? ?
Sometimes Windows clients will maintain a connection to the \\homes\ (
or [%U] ) share even after the user has logged out. Consider the
following scenario.
* user1 logs into the Windows NT machine. Therefore the [homes]
share is set to \\server\user1.
* user1 works for a while and then logs out.
* user2 logs into the same Windows NT machine.
However, since the NT box has maintained a connection to [homes] which
was previously set to \\server\user1, when the operating system
attempts to get the profile and if it can read users1's profile, will
get it otherwise it will return an error. You get the picture.
A better solution is to use a separate [profiles] share and set the
"logon path = \\%N\profiles\%U"
Note: Is this still a problem ????
_________________________________________________________________
Why are all the users listed in the "domain admin users" using the same
profile?
You are using a very very old development version of Samba. Upgrade.
_________________________________________________________________
The roaming profiles do not seem to be updating on the server.
There can be several reasons for this.
Make sure that the time on the client and the PDC are synchronized.
You can accomplish this by executing a net time \\server /set /yes
replacing server with the name of your PDC (or another synchronized
SMB server). See about Setting Time
Make sure that the logon path is writeable by the user and make sure
that the connection to the logon path location is by the current user.
Sometimes Windows client do not drop the connection immediately upon
logoff.
Some people have reported that the logon path location should also be
browseable. I (GC) have yet to emperically verify this, but you can
try.
_________________________________________________________________
Policies
What are 'Policies' ?.
When a user logs onto the domain via a client machine, the PDC sends
the client machine a list of things contained in the 'policy' (if it
exists). This list may do things like suppress a splach screen, format
the dates the way you like them or perhaps remove locally stored
profiles.
On a samba PDC this list is obtained from a file called ntconfig.pol
and located in the [netlogon]share. The file is created with a policy
editor and must be readable by anyone and writeable by only root. See
below for how to get a suitable editor.
_________________________________________________________________
I can't get system policies to work.
There are two possible reasons for system policies not functioning
correctly. Make sure that you have the following parameters set in
smb.conf
[netlogon]
....
locking = no
public = no
browseable = yes
....
A policy file must be in the [netlogon] share and must be readable by
everyone and writeable by only root. The file must be created by an
NTServer Policy Editor.
Last time I (drb) looked in the source, it was looking for
ntconfig.pol first then several other combinations of upper and lower
case. People have reported success using NTconfig.pol, NTconfig.POL
and ntconfig.pol. These are the case settings that I (GC) use with the
filename ntconfig.pol
case sensitive = no
case preserve = yes
default case = yes
_________________________________________________________________
What about Windows NT Policy Editor ?
To create or edit ntconfig.pol you must use the NT Server Policy
Editor, poledit.exe which is included with NT Server but not NT
Workstation. There is a Policy Editor on a NTws but it is not suitable
for creating Domain Policies. Further, although the Windows 95 Policy
Editor can be installed on an NT Workstation/Server, it will not work
with NT policies because the registry key that are set by the policy
templates. However, the files from the NT Server will run happily
enough on an NTws. You need poledit.exe, common.adm and winnt.adm. It
is convenient to put the two *.adm files in c:\winnt\inf which is
where the binary will look for them unless told otherwise. Note also
that that directory is 'hidden'.
The Windows NT policy editor is also included with the Service Pack 3
(and later) for Windows NT 4.0. Extract the files using
servicepackname /x, ie thats Nt4sp6ai.exe /x for service pack 6a. The
policy editor, poledt.exe and the associated template files (*.adm)
should be extracted as well. It is also possible to downloaded the
policy template files for Office97 and get a copy of the policy
editor. Another possible location is with the Zero Administration Kit
available for download from Microsoft.
_________________________________________________________________
Can Win95 do Policies ?
Install the group policy handler for Win9x to pick up group policies.
Look on the Win98 CD in \tools\reskit\netadmin\poledit. Install group
policies on a Win9x client by double-clicking grouppol.inf. Log off
and on again a couple of times and see if Win98 picks up group
policies. Unfortunately this needs to be done on every Win9x machine
that uses group policies....
If group policies don't work one reports suggests getting the updated
(read: working) grouppol.dll for Windows 9x. The group list is grabbed
from /etc/group.
_________________________________________________________________
Passwords
What is password sync and should I use it ?
NTws users can change their domain password by pressing Ctrl-Alt-Del
and choosing 'Change Password'. By default however, this does not
change the unix password (typically in /etc/passwd or /etc/shadow). In
lots of situations thats OK, for example :
* The server is only accessible to the user via samba.
* Pam_smb or similar is installed so other applications still refer
to the samba password.
But sometimes you really do need to maintain two seperate password
databases and there are good reasons to keep then in sync. Trying to
explain to users that they need to change their passwords in two
seperate places or use two seperate passwords is not fun.
However do understand that setting up password sync is not without
problems either. The chief difficulty is the interface between Samba
and the passwd command, it can be a fiddle to set up and if the
password the user has entered fails, the resulting errors are
ambiguously reported and the user is confused. Further, you need to
take steps to ensure that users only ever change their passwords via
samba (or use smbpasswd), otherwise they will only be changing the
unix password.
_________________________________________________________________
How do I get remote password (unix and SMB) changing working ?
Have a practice changing a user's password (as root) to see what
discussion takes place and change the text in the 'passwd chat' line
below as necessary. The line as shown works for recent RH Linux but
most other systems seem to like to do something different. The '*' is
a wild card and will match anything (or nothing).
Add these lines to smb.conf under [Global]
unix password sync = true
passwd program = /usr/bin/passwd %u
passwd chat = *password* %n\n *password* %n\n *successful*
As mentioned above, the change to the unix password happens as root,
not as the user, as is indicated in ~/smbd/chgpasswd.c If you are
using NIS, the Samba server must be running on the NIS master machine.
_________________________________________________________________
Chapter 5. Miscellaneous
What editor can I use in DOS/Windows that won't mess with my unix EOF
There are a number of Windows or DOS based editors that will
understand, and leave intact, the unix eof (as opposed to a DOS
CL/LF). List members suggested :
* UltraEdit at www.ultraedit.com
* VI for windows at home.snafu.de/ramo/WinViEn.htm
* The author prefers PFE at www.lancs.ac.uk/people/cpaap/pfe/ but
its no longer being developed...
_________________________________________________________________
How do I get 'User Manager' and 'Server Manager'
Since I don't need to buy an NT Server CD now, how do I get the 'User
Manager for Domains', the 'Server Manager' ?
Microsoft distributes a version of these tools called nexus for
installation on Windows 95 systems. The tools set includes
* Server Manager
* User Manager for Domains
* Event Viewer
Click here to download the archived file
ftp://ftp.microsoft.com/Softlib/MSLFILES/NEXUS.EXE
The Windows NT 4.0 version of the 'User Manager for Domains' and
'Server Manager' are available from Microsoft via ftp from
ftp://ftp.microsoft.com/Softlib/MSLFILES/SRVTOOLS.EXE
_________________________________________________________________
The time setting from a Samba server does not work.
If it works OK when you log on as Domain Admin then the problem is
that ordinary users don't have permission to change the time. (The
system is running with their permission at logon time.) This is not a
Samba problem, you will have the same problem where ever you connect.
You can give 'everyone' permission to change the time from the User
Manager.
Anyone know what the registry settings are so this could be done with
a Policy ?
_________________________________________________________________
"trust account xxx should be in DOMAIN_GROUP_RID_USERS"
I keep getting the message "trust account xxx should be in
DOMAIN_GROUP_RID_USERS." in the logs. What do I need to do?
You are using one of the old development versions. Upgrade. (The
message is unimportant, was a reminder to a developer)
_________________________________________________________________
How do I get my samba server to become a member ( not PDC ) of an NT domain?
In a domain that has a number of servers you only need one password
database. The machines that don't have their own ask the PDC to check
for them. This will work fine for a domain controlled by either a
Samba or NT machine. The following lines in smb.conf are typical,
'password server' points to the samba machine (or an NT) that has the
password list :
[global]
...
security = domain
workgroup = { Put your domain name here }
password server = { Put the ip of the PDC here }
encrypt passwords = yes
...
The samba server in question will have to 'join the domain', that
requires the domain controller to have a machine account for it. This
is no different to the machine account requirements to allow a NTws to
join the domain. For example, if we want a unix box called sleepy to
ask the PDC called grumpy to do its authentication then grumpy will
need an entry in its smbpasswd (assuming it's also samba) that starts
with sleepy$. It would have to be created manually.
If the domain is controlled by an NTServer then the "Server Manager
for Domains" tool must be used to add 'sleepy' to the domain list.
In either case we then join the domain. If the domain is called forest
then on sleepy we would join the domain by typing :
smbpasswd -j forest
Note that the directory where the smbpasswd file would be located
should exist as this is where smbd will generate the MACHINE.SID file.
This might be /usr/local/samba/private/FOREST.SLEEPY.SID and it
contains the trust account password for the domain member. The
permissions are (and should remain) "rw-------
Note the Samba Servers without the password list will most likely
still need an account for each user, this means a line in its
/etc/passwd. Because authentication is being handled at the domain
level the /etc/passwd line does not need a password. If the shares
being offered are not user specific, ie a common (read only ?) area or
perhaps just printing then the user's /etc/passwd does not need a home
directory. A typical line in /etc/passwd for a server that allows
domain users to connect to the samba shares but does not offer a home
share ('cos that's on the PDC) and does not allow logon to the unix
prompt would be like this :
jblow:x:542:100:Joe Blow:/dev/null:/bin/false
* When removing those 'dummy' users, watch the 'remove user'
scripts, some OS think they should remove a users directory even
when its not owned by the user !
* The username map = parameter might help you to avoid having all
those accounts created.
* You should investigate the smb.conf parameter 'add user script',
it will be used to create accounts on secondary servers when that
account already exists on the PDC. Very nice. Something like :
[Global]
....
add user script = /usr/sbin/adduser -n -g users -c User -d /dev/null -s /bi
n/false %U
....
_________________________________________________________________
Chapter 6. Troubleshooting and Bug Reporting
Diagnostic tools
What are some diagnostics tools I can use to debug the domain logon process
and where can I find them?
One of the best diagnostic tools for debugging problems is Samba
itself. You can use the -d option for both smbd and nmbd to specifiy
what 'debug level' at which to run. See the man pages on smbd, nmbd
and smb.conf for more information on debugging options. The debug
level can range from 1 (the default) to around 100 but a debug level
of about 20 will normally help you find any errors that samba is
encountering. Another helpful method of debugging is to compile samba
using the gcc -g flag. This will include debug information in the
binaries and allow you to attch gdb to the running smbd / nmbd
process. In order to attach gdb to an smbd process for an NT
workstation, first get the workstation to make the connection.
Pressing ctrl-alt-delete and going down to the domain box is
sufficient (at least, on the first time you join the domain) to
generate a 'LsaEnumTrustedDomains'. Thereafter, the workstation
maintains an open connection, and therefore there will be an smbd
process running (assuming that you haven't set a really short smbd
idle timeout) So, in between pressing ctrl alt delete, and actually
typing in your password, you can gdb attach and continue.
Some usefull samba commands worth investigating:
* testparam | more
* smbclient -L //{netbios name of server}
An SMB enabled version of tcpdump is available from
ftp://samba.org/pub/samba/tcpdump-smb/
Capconvert is a small C program for translating output from
tcpdump-smb to CAP format that can be read by netmon. You will need to
use the raw output from tcp dump ( ie. tcpdump -w output.dump ). Good
news! Now you can convert Solaris' snoop output as well. The C source
code for snoop2cap is available for download.
For tracing things on the Microsoft Windows NT, Network Monitor (aka.
netmon) is available on the Microsoft Developer Network CD's, the
Windows NT Server install CD and the SMS CD's. The version of netmon
that ships with SMS allows for dumping packets between any two
computers (ie. placing the network interface in promiscuous mode). The
version on the NT Server install CD will only allow monitoring of
network traffic directed to the local NT box and broadcasts on the
local subnet.
_________________________________________________________________
How do I install 'Network Monitor' on an NT Workstation or a Windows 9x box?
Installing netmon on an NT workstation requires a couple of steps. The
following are for installing Netmon V4.00.349, which comes with
Microsoft Windows NT Server 4.0, on Microsoft Windows NT Workstation
4.0. The process should be similar for other version of Windows NT /
Netmon. You will need both the Microsoft Windows NT Server 4.0 Install
CD and the Workstation 4.0 Install CD.
Initially you will need to install 'Network Monitor Tools and Agent'
on the NT Server. To do this
* Goto Start - Settings - Control Panel - Network - Services - Add
* Select the 'Network Monitor Tools and Agent' and click on 'OK'.
* Click 'OK' on the Network Control Panel.
* Insert the Windows NT Server 4.0 install CD when prompted.
At this point the Netmon files should exist in
%SYSTEMROOT%\System32\netmon\*.*. Two subdirectories exist as well,
parsers\ which contains the necessary DLL's for parsing the netmon
packet dump, and captures\.
In order to install the Netmon tools on an NT Workstation, you will
first need to install the 'Network Monitor Agent' from the Workstation
install CD.
* Goto Start - Settings - Control Panel - Network - Services - Add
* Select the 'Network Monitor Agent' and click on 'OK'.
* Click 'OK' on the Network Control Panel.
* Insert the Windows NT Workstation 4.0 install CD when prompted.
Now copy the files from the NT Server in
%SYSTEMROOT%\System32\netmon\*.* to %SYSTEMROOT%\System32\netmon\*.*
on the Workstation and set permissions as you deem appropriate for
your site. You will need administrative rights on the NT box to run
netmon.
To install Netmon on a Windows 9x box install the network monitor
agent from the Windows 9x CD (\admin\nettools\netmon). There is a
readme file located with the netmon driver files on the CD if you need
information on how to do this. Copy the files from a working Netmon
installation.
_________________________________________________________________
What other help can I get ?
There are many sources of information available in the form of mailing
lists, RFC's and documentation. The docs that come with the samba
distribution contain very good explanations of general SMB topics such
as browsing.
_________________________________________________________________
URLs and similar
* Home of Samba site http://samba.org. We have a mirror near you !
* The Development document on the Samba mirrors might mention your
problem. If so, it might mean that the developers are working on
it.
* Ignacio Coupeau has a very comprehesive look at LDAP with Samba at
http://www.unav.es/cti/ldap-smb-howto.html Be a little carefull
however, I suspect that it does not specificly address samba
2.2.x. The HEAD pre-2.1 may possibly be the best stream to look
at.
* Lars Kneschke's site covers Samba-TNG at
http://www.kneschke.de/projekte/samba_tng, but again, a lot of it
does not apply to the main stream Samba.
* Although 2.0.7 has almost had its day as a PDC, I (drb) will keep
the 2.0.7 PDC pages at http://bioserve.latrobe.edu.au/samba going
for a while yet.
* Misc links to CIFS information http://samba.org/cifs/
* NT Domains for Unix http://mailhost.cb1.com/~lkcl/ntdom/
* FTP site for older SMB specs:
ftp://ftp.microsoft.com/developr/drg/CIFS/
There are a number of documents that no longer appear to live at their
origional home. Any one know where the following may be found ?
* CIFS/E Browser Protocol draft-leach-cifs-browser-spec-00.txt
* CIFS Remote Administration Protocol
draft-leach-cifs-rap-spec-00.txt
* CIFS Logon and Pass Through Authentication
draft-leach-cifs-logon-spec-00.txt
* A Common Internet File System (CIFS/1.0) Protocol
draft-leach-cifs-v1-spec-01.txt
* CIFS Printing Specification draft-leach-cifs-print-spec-00.txt
* RFC1001 (March '87) Protocol standard for a NetBIOS service on a
TCP/UDP transport: Concepts and methods.
http://ds.internic.net/rfc/rfc1001.txt
* RFC1002 (March '87) Protocol standard for a NetBIOS service on a
TCP/UDP transport: Detailed specifications.
http://ds.internic.net/rfc/rfc1002.txt
* Microsoft's main CIFS page:
http://www.microsoft.com/workshop/networking/cifs/
_________________________________________________________________
How do I get help from the mailing lists ?
There are a number of Samba related mailing lists. Go to
http://samba.org, click on your nearest mirror and then click on
Support and then click on Samba related mailing lists.
For questions relating to Samba TNG go to http://www.samba-tng.org/ It
has been requested that you don't post questions about Samba-TNG to
the main stream Samba lists.
If you post a message to one of the lists please observe the following
guide lines :
* Always remember that the developers are volunteers, they are not
paid and they never guarantee to produce a particular feature at a
particular time. Any time lines are 'best guess' and nothing more.
* Always mention what version of samba you are using and what
operating system its running under. You should probably list the
relevant sections of your smb.conf file, at least the options in
[global] that affect PDC support.
* In addition to the version, if you obtained Samba via CVS mention
the date when you last checked it out.
* Try and make your question clear and brief, lots of long,
convoluted questions get deleted before they are completely read !
Don't post html encoded messages (if you can select colour or font
size its html).
* If you run one of those niffy 'I'm on holidays' things when you
are away, make sure its configured to not answer mailing lists.
* Don't cross post. Work out which is the best list to post to and
see what happens, ie don't post to both samba-ntdom and
samba-technical. Many people active on the lists subscribe to more
than one list and get annoyed to see the same message two or more
times. Often someone will see a message and thinking it would be
better dealt with on another, will forward it on for you.
* You might include partial log files written at a debug level set
to as much as 20. Please don't send the entire log but enough to
give the context of the error messages.
* (Possibly) If you have a complete netmon trace ( from the opening
of the pipe to the error ) you can send the *.CAP file as well.
* Please think carefully before attaching a document to an email.
Consider pasting the relevant parts into the body of the message.
The samba mailing lists go to a huge number of people, do they all
need a copy of your smb.conf in their attach directory ?
_________________________________________________________________
How do I get off the mailing lists ?
To have your name removed from a samba mailing list, go to the same
place you went to to get on it. Go to http://samba.org, click on your
nearest mirror and then click on Support and then click on Samba
related mailing lists. Or perhaps see here
Please don't post messages to the list asking to be removed, you will
just be refered to the above address (unless that process failed in
some way...)

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The Samba 2.2 PDC HowTo
David Bannon
La Trobe University
_________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________
Comments, corrections and additions to <D.Bannon@latrobe.edu.au>
This document explains how to setup Samba as a Primary Domain
Controller and applies to version 2.2.0. Before using these functions
make sure you understand what the controller can and cannot do. Please
read the sections below in the Introduction. As 2.2.0 is incrementally
updated this document will change or become out of date very quickly,
make sure you are reading the most current version.
Please note this document does not apply to Samba2.2alpha0,
Samba2.2alpha1, Samba 2.0.7, TNG nor HEAD branch.
It does apply to the current (post November 27th) cvs.
Also available is an updated version of Jerry Carter's NTDom FAQ that
will answer lots of the special 'tuning' questions that are not
covered here. Over the next couple of weeks some of the items here
will be moved to the FAQ.
Table of Contents
1. Introduction
What can we do ?
What can't we do ?
2. Installing
Start Up Script
Config File
A sample conf file
PDC Config Parameters
Special directories
3. User and Machine Accounts
Logon Accounts
Machine Accounts
Joining the Domain
User Accounts
Domain Admin Accounts
4. Profiles, Policies and Logon Scripts
Profiles
Policies
Logon Scripts
5. Passwords and Authentication
Syncing Passwords
Using PAM
Authenticating other Samba Servers
6. Background
History
The Future
Getting further help
_________________________________________________________________
Chapter 1. Introduction
This document will show you one way of making Version 2.2.0 of Samba
perform some of the tasks of a NT Primary Domain Controller. The
facilities described are built into Samba as a result of development
work done over a number of years by a large number of people. These
facilities are only just beginning to be officially supported and
although they do appear to work reliably, if you use them then you
take the risks upon your self. This document does not cover the
developmental versions of Samba, particularly Samba-TNG
Note that Samba 2.0.7 supports significently less of the NT Domain
facilities compared with 2.2.0
This document does not replace the text files DOMAIN_CONTROL.txt,
DOMAIN.txt (by John H Terpstra) or NTDOMAIN.txt (by Luke Kenneth
Casson Leighton). Those documents provide more detail and an insight
to the development cycle and should be considered 'further reading'.
_________________________________________________________________
What can we do ?
* Permit 'domain logons' for Win95/98, NT4 and W2K workstations from
one central password database. WRT W2K, please see the section
about adding machine accounts and the Intro in the FAQ.
* Grant Administrator privileges to particular domain users on an NT
or W2K workstation.
* Apply policies from a domain policy file to NT and W2K (?)
workstation.
* Run the appropriate logon script when a user logs on to the domain
.
* Maintain a user's local profile on the server.
* Validate a user using another system via smb (such as smb_pam) and
soon winbind (?).
_________________________________________________________________
What can't we do ?
* Become or work with a Backup Domain Controller (a BDC).
* Participate in any sort of trust relationship (with either Samba
or NT Servers).
* Offer a list of domain users to User Manager for Domains on the
Security Tab etc).
* Be a W2K type of Domain Controller. Samba PDC will behave like an
NT PDC, W2K workstations connect in legacy mode.
_________________________________________________________________
Chapter 2. Installing
Installing consists of the usual download, configure, make and make
install process. These steps are well documented elsewhere. The FAQ
discusses getting pre-release versions via CVS. Then you need to
configure the server.
_________________________________________________________________
Start Up Script
Skip this section if you have a working Samba already. Everyone has
their own favourite startup script. Here is mine, offered with no
warrantee at all !
#!/bin/sh
# Script to control Samba server, David Bannon, 14-6-96
#
#
PATH=/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin
export PATH
case "$1" in
'start')
if [ -f /usr/local/samba/bin/smbd ]
then
/usr/local/samba/bin/smbd -D
/usr/local/samba/bin/nmbd -D
echo "Starting Samba Server"
fi
;;
'conf')
if [ -f /usr/local/samba/lib/smb.conf ]
then
vi /usr/local/samba/lib/smb.conf
fi
;;
'pw')
if [ -f /usr/local/samba/private/smbpasswd ]
then
vi /usr/local/samba/private/smbpasswd
fi
;;
'who')
/usr/local/samba/bin/smbstatus -b
;;
'restart')
psline=`/bin/ps x | grep smbd | grep -v grep`
if [ "$psline" != "" ]
then
while [ "$psline" != "" ]
do
psline=`/bin/ps x | fgrep smbd | grep -v grep`
if [ "$psline" ]
then
set -- $psline
pid=$1
/bin/kill -HUP $pid
echo "Stopped $pid line = $psline"
sleep 2
fi
done
fi
echo "Stopped Samba servers"
;;
'stop')
psline=`/bin/ps x | grep smbd | grep -v grep`
if [ "$psline" != "" ]
then
while [ "$psline" != "" ]
do
psline=`/bin/ps x | fgrep smbd | grep -v grep`
if [ "$psline" ]
then
set -- $psline
pid=$1
/bin/kill -9 $pid
echo "Stopped $pid line = $psline"
sleep 2
fi
done
fi
echo "Stopped Samba servers"
psline=`/bin/ps x | grep nmbd | grep -v grep`
if [ "$psline" ]
then
set -- $psline
pid=$1
/bin/kill -9 $pid
echo "Stopped Name Server "
fi
echo "Stopped Name Servers"
;;
*)
echo "usage: samba {start | restart |stop | conf | pw | who}"
;;
esac
Use this script, or some other one, you will need to ensure its used
while the machine is booting. (This typically involves /etc/rc.d,
we'll be assuming that there is a script called samba in
/etc/rc.d/init.d further down in this document.)
_________________________________________________________________
Config File
A sample conf file
Here is a fairly minimal config file to do PDC. It will also make the
server become the browse master for the specified domain (not
necessary but usually desirable). You will need to change only two
parameters to make this file work, wins server and workgroup, plus you
will need to put your own name (not mine!) in the domain admin users
fields. Some of the parameters are discussed further down this
document.
Assuming you have used the default install directories, this file
should appear as /usr/local/samba/lib/smb.conf. It should not be
writable by anyone except root.
Note: The 'add user script' parameter is a work-around, watch for
changes !
[global]
security = user
status = yes
workgroup = { Your domain name here }
wins server = { ip of a wins server if you have one }
encrypt passwords = yes
domain logons =yes
logon script = scripts\%U.bat
domain admin users = root dbannon andrew
add user script = /usr/sbin/adduser -n -g machines -c Machine -d /dev/n
ull -s /bin/false %m$
guest account = ftp
share modes=no
os level=65
[homes]
guest ok = no
read only = no
create mask = 0700
directory mask = 0700
oplocks = false
locking = no
[netlogon]
path = /usr/local/samba/netlogon
writeable = no
guest ok = no
_________________________________________________________________
PDC Config Parameters
There are a huge range of parameters that may appear in a smb.conf
file. Some that may be of interest to a PDC are :
add user script
This parameter specifies a script (or program) that will be run
to add a user to the system. Here it is being used to add a
machine, not a user. This is probably not very nice and may
change. But it does work !
For this example, I have a group called 'machines', entries can
be added to /etc/passwd using a programme called /usr/adduser
and the other parameters are chosen as suitable for a machine
account. Works for RH Linux, your system may require changes.
domain admin users = user1 users2
This parameter specifies a unix user who will be granted admin
privileges on a NT workstation when logged onto that
workstation. See the section called Domain Admin Accounts.
encrypt passwords = yes
This parameter must be 'yes' to allow any of the recent service
pack NTs to logon. There are some reg hacks that turn off
encrypted passwords on the NTws itself but if you are going to
use the smbpasswd system (and you should) you must use
encrypted passwords.
logon script = scripts\%U.bat
This will make samba look for a logon script named after the
user (eg joeblow.bat). See the section further on called Logon
Scripts
Note: Note that the slash is like this '\', not like this '/'. NT
is happy with both, win95 is not !
logon path
Lets you specify where you would like users profiles kept. The
default, that is in the users home directory, does encourage a
bit of fiddling.
_________________________________________________________________
Special directories
You need to create a couple of special files and directories. Its nice
to have some of the binaries handy too, so I create links to them.
Assuming you have used the default samba location and have not changed
the locations mentioned in the sample config file, do the following :
mkdir /usr/local/samba/netlogon
mkdir /usr/local/samba/netlogon/scripts
mkdir /usr/local/samba/private
touch /usr/local/samba/private/smbpasswd
chmod go-rwx /usr/local/samba/private/smbpasswd
cd /usr/local/sbin
ln -s /usr/local/samba/bin/smbpasswd
ln -s /usr/local/samba/bin/smbclient
ln -s /etc/rc.d/init.d/samba
Make sure permissions are appropriate !
OK, if you have used the scripts above and have a path to where the
links are do this to start up the Samba Server :
samba start
Instead, you might like to reboot the machine to make sure that you
got the init stuff right. Any way, a quick look in the logs
/usr/local/samba/var/log.smbd and /usr/local/samba/var/log/nmbd will
give you an idea of what's happening. Assuming all is well, lets
create some accounts...
_________________________________________________________________
Chapter 3. User and Machine Accounts
Logon Accounts
This section is very nearly out of date already ! It appears that
while you are reading it, Jean Francois Micou is making it redundant !
Jean Francois is adding facilities to add users (via User Manager) and
machines (when joining the domain) and it looks like these facilities
will make it into the official release of 2.2.
Every user and NTws (and other samba servers) that will be on the
domain must have its own passwd entry in both /etc/passwd and
/usr/local/samba/private/smbpasswd . The /etc/passwd entry is really
only to reserve a user ID. The NT encrypted password is stored in
/usr/local/samba/private/smbpasswd. (Note that win95/98 machines don't
need an account as they don't do any security aware things.)
Samba 2.2 will now create these entries for us. Carefull set up is
required and there may well be some changes to this system before its
released.
_________________________________________________________________
Machine Accounts
Note: There is an entry in the ntdom FAQ explaining how to create
machine entries manually.
At present to have the machine accounts created when a machine joins
the domain a number of conditions must be met :
Only root can do it !
There must be an entry in /usr/local/samba/private/smbpasswd
for root and root must be mentioned in domain admins. This may
be fixed some time in the future so any 'domain admin' can do
it. If you don't like having root as a windows logon account,
make the machine entries manually (both of them).
Use the add user script
Again, this looks a bit like a 'work around'. Use a suitable
command line to add a machine account see above, and pass it
%m$, that is %m to get machine name plus the '$'. Now, this
means you cannot use the add user script to really add users
....
Only for W2K
This automatic creation of machine accounts does not work for
NT4ws at present. Watch this space.
_________________________________________________________________
Joining the Domain
You must have either added the machine account entries manually (NT4
ws) or set up the automatic system (W2K), see Machine Accounts before
proceeding.
Windows NT
+ (this step may not be necessary some time in the near
future). On the samba server that is the PDC, add a machine
account manually as per the instructions in the FAQ Then give
the command smbpasswd -a -m {machine} substituting in the
client machine name.
+ Logon to the NTws in question as a local admin, go to the
Control Panel, Network IdentificationTag.
+ Press the Change button.
+ Enter the Domain name (from the 'Workgroup' parameter,
smb.conf) in the Domain Field.
+ Press OK and after a few seconds you will get a 'Welcome to
Whatever Domain'. Allow to reboot.
Windows 2000
+ Logon to the W2k machine as Administrator, go to the Control
Panel and double click on Network and Dialup Connections.
+ Pull down the Advanced menu and choose Network
Identification. Press Properties .
+ Choose Domain and enter the domain name. Press 'OK'.
+ Now enter a user name and password for a Domain Admin (Who
must be root until a pre-release bug is fixed) and press
'OK'.
+ Wait for the confirmation, reboot when prompted.
To remove a W2K machine from the domain, follow the first two
steps then choose Workgroup, enter a work group name (or just
WORKGROUP) and follow the prompts.
_________________________________________________________________
User Accounts
Again, doing it manually (cos' the auto way is not working
pre-release). In our simple case every domain user should have an
account on the PDC. The account may have a null shell if they are not
allowed to log on to the unix prompt. Again they need an entry in both
the /etc/passwd and /usr/local/samba/private/smbpasswd. Again a
password is not necessary in /etc/passwd but the location of the home
directory is honoured. To make an entry for a user called Joe Blow you
would typically do the following :
adduser -g users -c 'Joe Blow' -s /bin/false -n joeblow
smbpasswd -a joeblow
And you will prompted to enter a password for Joe. Ideally he will be
hovering over your shoulder and will, when asked, type in a password
of his choice. There are a number of scripts and systems to ease the
migration of users from somewhere to samba. Better start looking !
_________________________________________________________________
Domain Admin Accounts
Certain operations demand that the logged on user has Administrator
privileges, typically installing software and doing maintenance tasks.
It is very simple to appoint some users as Domain Admins, most likely
yourself. Make sure you trust the appointee !
Samba 2.2 recognizes particular users as being domain admins and tells
the NTws when it thinks that it has got one logged on. In the smb.conf
file we declare that the Domain Admin users = user1 user2. Any user
mentioned here will be treated as a Domain Admin by a NTws when logged
onto the Domain. They will have full Administrator rights including
the rights to change permissions on files and run the system utilities
such as Disk Administrator.
Further, and this is very new, they will be allowed to create a new
machine account when first connecting a new NT or W2K machine to the
domain. At present, ie pre-release, only a Domain Admin who also
happens to be root can do so.
_________________________________________________________________
Chapter 4. Profiles, Policies and Logon Scripts
Profiles
NT Profiles should work if you have followed the setup so far. A
user's profile contains a whole lot of their personal settings, the
contents of their desktop, personal 'My Documents' and so on. When
they log off, all of the profile is copied to their directory on the
server and is downloaded again when they logon on again, possibly on
another client machine.
Sounds great but can be a bit of a bug bear sometimes. Users let their
profiles get too big and then complain about how long it takes to log
on each time. This sample setup only supports NT profiles, rumor has
it that it is also possible to do the same on Win95, my users don't
know and I'm not telling them.
Note: There is more info about Profiles (including for W95/98) in
the FAQ.
_________________________________________________________________
Policies
Policies are an easy way to make or enforce specific characteristics
across your network. You create a ntconfig.pol file and every time
someone logs on with their NTws, the settings you put in ntconfig.pol
are applied to the NTws. Typical setting are things like making the
date appear the way you want it (none of these 2 figure years here) or
maybe suppressing one of the splash screens. Perhaps you want to set
the NTws so it does not keep users profiles on the local machine.
Cool. The only problem is making the ntconfig.pol file itself. You
cannot use the policy editor that comes with NTws.
Note: See the FAQ for pointers on how to get a suitable Policy
Editor.
The Policy Editor (and associated files) will create a ntconfig.pol
file using the parameters Microsoft thought of and parameters you
specify by making your own template file.
In our example configuration here, Samba will expect to find the
ntconfig.pol file in /usr/local/samba/netlogon. Needless to say (I
hope !), it is vitally important that ordinary users don't have write
permission to the Policy files.
_________________________________________________________________
Logon Scripts
In the sample config file above there is a line logon script =
scripts\%U.bat
Note: Note that the slash is like this '\' not like this '/'. NT is
happy with both, win95 is not !
This allows you to run a dos batch file every time someone logs on.
The batch file is located on the server, in the sample install
mentioned here, its in /usr/local/samba/netlogon/scripts and is named
after the user with .bat appended, eg Joe Blow's script is called
/usr/local/samba/netlogon/scripts/joeblow.bat.
Note: There is a suggestion that user names longer than 8
characters may cause problems with some systems being unable to run
logon scripts. This is confirmed in earlier versions when
connecting using W95, comments about other combinations ??
You could use a line like this logon script = default.bat and samba
will supply /usr/local/samba/netlogon/default.bat for any client and
every user. Maybe you could use %m and get a client machine dependant
logon script. You get the idea...
Note that the file is a dos batch file not a Unix script. It runs dos
commands on the client computer with the logon user's permissions. It
must be a dos file with each line ending with the dos cr/lf not a nice
clean newline. Generally, its best to create the initial file on a DOS
system and copy it across.
There is lots of very clever uses of the Samba replaceable variables
such ( %U = user, %G = primary group, %H = client machine, see the
'man 5 smb.conf') to give you control over which script runs when a
particular person logs on. (Gee, it would be nice to have a
default.bat run when nothing else is available.)
Again, it is vitally important that ordinary users don't have write
permission to other peoples, or even probably their own, logon script
files.
A typical logon script is reproduced below. Note that it runs separate
commands for win95 and NT, that's because NT has slightly different
behaviour when using the net use .. command. Its useful for lots of
other situations too. I don't know what syntax to use for win98, I
don't use it here.
rem Default logon script, create links to this file.
net time \\bioserve /set /yes
@echo off
if %OS%.==Windows_NT. goto WinNT
:Win95
net use k: \\trillion\bio_prog
net use p: \\bcfile\homes
goto end
:WinNT
net use k: \\trillion\bio_prog /persistent:no
net use p: \\bcfile\homes /persistent:no
:end
_________________________________________________________________
Chapter 5. Passwords and Authentication
So far our configuration assumes that ordinary users don't have unix
logon access. A change to the adduser line above would allow unix
logon but it would be with passwords that may be different from the NT
logon. Clearly that won't suit everyone. Trying to explain to users
that they need to change their passwords in two seperate places is not
fun. Further, even if they cannot do a unix logon there are other
processes that might require authentication. We have a nice securely
encrypted password in /usr/local/samba/private/smbpasswd, why not use
it ?
_________________________________________________________________
Syncing Passwords
Yes, its possible and seems the easiest way (initially anyway). The
FAQ details how to do so in the sections What is password sync and
should I use it ? and How do I get remote password (unix and SMB)
changing working ?
_________________________________________________________________
Using PAM
Pam enabled systems have a much better solution available. The Samba
PDC server will offer to authenticate domain users to other processes
(either on this server or on the domain). With a suitable pam stack
such as Pam_smb you can get any pam aware application looking to the
samba password and can leave the password field in /etc/shadow or
/etc/passwd invalid.
_________________________________________________________________
Authenticating other Samba Servers
In a domain that has a number of servers you only need one password
database. The machines that don't have their own ask the PDC to check
for them. This will work fine for a domain controlled by either a
Samba or NT machine.
To do so the Samba machine must be told to refer to the PDC and where
the PDC is. See the section in the NTDom FAQ called How do I get my
samba server to become a member ( not PDC ) of an NT domain?
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Chapter 6. Background
History
It might help you understand the limitations of the PDC in Samba if
you read something of its history. Well, the history as I understand
it anyway.
For many years the Samba team have been developing Samba, some time
ago a number of people, possibly lead by Luke Leighton started
contributing NT PDC stuff. This was added to the 'head' stream (that
would eventually become the next version) and later to a seperate
stream (NTDom). They did so much that eventually this development
stream was so mutated that it could not be merged back into the main
stream and was abandoned towards the end of 1999. And that was very
sad because many users, myself include had become heavily dependant on
the NTController facilities it offered. Oh well...
The NTDom team continued on with their new found knowledge however and
built the TNG stream. Intended to be carefully controlled so that it
can be merged back into the main stream and benefiting from what they
learnt, it is a very different product to the origional NTDom product.
However, for a number of reasons, the merge did not take place and now
TNG is being developed at http://www.samba-tng.org.
Now, the NTDom things that the main strean 2.0.x version does is based
more on the old (initial version) abandoned code than on the TNG
ideas. It appears that version 2.2.0 will also include an improved
version of the 2.0.7 domain controller charactistics, not the TNG
ways. The developers have indicated that 2.2.0 will be further
developed incrementally and the ideas from TNG incorporated into it.
One more little wriggle is worth mentioning. At one stage the NTDom
stream was called Samba 2.1.0-prealpha and similar names. This is most
unfortunate because at least one book published advises people who
want to use NTDom Samba to get version 2.1.0 or later. As main stream
Samba will soon be called 2.2.0 and NOT officially supporting NTDom
Controlling functions, the potential for confusion is certainly there.
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The Future
There is a document on the Samba mirrors called 'Development' . It
offers the 'best guess' of what is planned for future releases of
Samba.
The future of Samba as a Primary Domain Controller appears rosie,
however be aware that its the future, not the present. The developers
are strongly committed to building a full featured PDC into Samba but
it will take time. If this version does not meet your requirements
then you should consider (in no particular order) :
* Wait. No, we don't know how long. Repeated asking won't help.
* Investigate the development versions, TNG perhaps or HEAD where
new code is being added all the time. Realise that development
code is often unstable, poorly documented and subject to change.
You will need to use cvs to download development versions.
* Join one of the Samba mailing lists so that you can find out what
is happening on the 'bleeding edge'.
_________________________________________________________________
Getting further help
This document cannot possibly answer all your questions. Please
understand that its very likely that someone has been confrounted by
the same problem that you have. The FAQ discusses a number of possible
paths to take to get further help :
* Documents on the Samba Sites.
* Other web sites.
* Mailing list.
There is some discussion about guide lines for using the Mailing Lists
on the accompanying FAQ, please read them before posting.