2025-02-02 09:47:23 +03:00 · - · fe12c27467
commit fe12c27467
parent 81760c5719
3 changed files with 23 additions and 347 deletions
--- a/26
+++ b/26
@ -6,11 +6,29 @@ Directory	Notes:
 =========	======
 docs		(Samba Documentation):
 --------------------------------------
 	Note in particular two files - INSTALL.txt and DIAGNOSIS.txt
 	You should also pay close attention to all the files with a
 	.txt extension.
-	Most problems can be solved by reference to the two files mentioned.
+	The Samba documentation for 1.9.17 has had some of its content
 	updated and a new structure has been put in place. However, since
 	this is all rather new the documentation format of previous
 	versions will remain in place. 
 	Note in particular two files - <your OS>_INSTALL.txt and DIAGNOSIS.txt
 	There is the potential for there to be many *INSTALL.txt files, one
 	for each OS that Samba supports. However we are moving all this into
 	the new structure. For now, most people will be using UNIX_INSTALL.txt.
 	You pay close attention to all the files with a
 	.txt extension. Most problems can be solved by reference to the 
 	two files mentioned.
 	The new documentation can be accessed starting from Samba-meta-FAQ.html,
 	in the docs/faq directory. This is incomplete, but to quote from the 
 	abstract, it:
 	"contains overview information for the Samba suite of programs, 
 	a quick-start guide, and pointers to all other Samba documentation. 
 	Other FAQs exist for specific client and server issues, and HOWTO 
 	documents for more extended topics to do with Samba software."
 examples	(Example configuration files):
--- a/docs/INSTALL.txt
+++ b/docs/INSTALL.txt
@ -1,342 +0,0 @@
 Contributor:	Andrew Tridgell <samba-bugs@samba.anu.edu.au>
 Date:		Unknown
 Status:		Current
 Subject:	HOW TO INSTALL AND TEST SAMBA
 ===============================================================================
 STEP 0. Read the man pages. They contain lots of useful info that will
 help to get you started. If you don't know how to read man pages then
 try something like:
 	nroff -man smbd.8 | more
 Unfortunately, having said this, the man pages are sadly out of date and
 really need more effort to maintain them. Other sources of information 
 are pointed to by the Samba web site, http://samba.canberra.edu.au/pub/samba.
 STEP 1. Building the binaries
 To do this, first edit the file source/Makefile. You will find that
 the Makefile has an entry for most unixes and you need to uncomment
 the one that matches your operating system.
 You should also edit the section at the top of the Makefile which
 determines where things will be installed. You need to get this right
 before compilation as Samba needs to find some things at runtime
 (smbrun in particular). There are also settings for where you want
 your log files etc. Make sure you get these right, and that the
 directories exist.
 Then type "make". This will create the binaries.
 Once it's successfully compiled you can use "make install" to install
 the binaries and manual pages. You can separately install the binaries
 and/or man pages using "make installbin" and "make installman".
 Note that if you are upgrading for a previous version of Samba you
 might like to know that the old versions of the binaries will be
 renamed with a ".old" extension. You can go back to the previous
 version with "make revert" if you find this version a disaster!
 STEP 2. The all important step
 At this stage you must fetch yourself a coffee or other drink you find
 stimulating. Getting the rest of the install right can sometimes be
 tricky, so you will probably need it.
 If you have installed samba before then you can skip this step.
 STEP 3. Create the smb configuration file. 
 There are sample configuration files in the examples subdirectory in
 the distribution. I suggest you read them carefully so you can see how
 the options go together in practice. See the man page for all the
 options.
 The simplest useful configuration file would be something like this:
   workgroup = MYGROUP
   [homes]
      guest ok = no
      read only = no
 which would allow connections by anyone with an account on the server,
 using either their login name or "homes" as the service name. (Note
 that I also set the workgroup that Samba is part of. See BROWSING.txt
 for defails)
 Note that "make install" will not install a smb.conf file. You need to
 create it yourself. You will also need to create the path you specify
 in the Makefile for the logs etc, such as /usr/local/samba.
 Make sure you put the smb.conf file in the same place you specified in
 the Makefile.
 STEP 4. Test your config file with testparm
 It's important that you test the validity of your smb.conf file using
 the testparm program. If testparm runs OK then it will list the loaded
 services. If not it will give an error message.
 Make sure it runs OK and that the services look resonable before
 proceeding. 
 STEP 5. Starting the smbd and nmbd. 
 You must choose to start smbd and nmbd either as daemons or from
 inetd. Don't try to do both!  Either you can put them in inetd.conf
 and have them started on demand by inetd, or you can start them as
 daemons either from the command line or in /etc/rc.local. See the man
 pages for details on the command line options.
 The main advantage of starting smbd and nmbd as a daemon is that they
 will respond slightly more quickly to an initial connection
 request. This is, however, unlilkely to be a problem.
 Step 5a. Starting from inetd.conf
 NOTE; The following will be different if you use NIS or NIS+ to
 distributed services maps.
 Look at your /etc/services. What is defined at port 139/tcp. If
 nothing is defined then add a line like this:
 netbios-ssn     139/tcp
 similarly for 137/udp you should have an entry like:
 netbios-ns	137/udp
 Next edit your /etc/inetd.conf and add two lines something like this:
 netbios-ssn stream tcp nowait root /usr/local/samba/bin/smbd smbd 
 netbios-ns dgram udp wait root /usr/local/samba/bin/nmbd nmbd 
 The exact syntax of /etc/inetd.conf varies between unixes. Look at the
 other entries in inetd.conf for a guide.
 NOTE: Some unixes already have entries like netbios_ns (note the
 underscore) in /etc/services. You must either edit /etc/services or
 /etc/inetd.conf to make them consistant.
 NOTE: On many systems you may need to use the "interfaces" option in
 smb.conf to specify the IP address and netmask of your interfaces. Run
 ifconfig as root if you don't know what the broadcast is for your
 net. nmbd tries to determine it at run time, but fails on some
 unixes. See the section on "testing nmbd" for a method of finding if
 you need to do this.
 !!!WARNING!!! Many unixes only accept around 5 parameters on the
 command line in inetd. This means you shouldn't use spaces between the
 options and arguments, or you should use a script, and start the
 script from inetd.
 Restart inetd, perhaps just send it a HUP. If you have installed an
 earlier version of nmbd then you may need to kill nmbd as well.
 Step 5b. Alternative: starting it as a daemon
 To start the server as a daemon you should create a script something
 like this one, perhaps calling it "startsmb"
 #!/bin/sh
 /usr/local/samba/bin/smbd -D 
 /usr/local/samba/bin/nmbd -D 
 then make it executable with "chmod +x startsmb"
 You can then run startsmb by hand or execute it from /etc/rc.local
 To kill it send a kill signal to the processes nmbd and smbd.
 NOTE: If you use the SVR4 style init system then you may like to look
 at the examples/svr4-startup script to make Samba fit into that system.
 STEP 6. Try listing the shares available on your server
 smbclient -L yourhostname 
 Your should get back a list of shares available on your server. If you
 don't then something is incorrectly setup. Note that this method can
 also be used to see what shares are available on other LanManager
 clients (such as WfWg).
 If you choose user level security then you may find that Samba requests
 a password before it will list the shares. See the smbclient docs for
 details. (you can force it to list the shares without a password by
 adding the option -U% to the command line. This will not work with
 non-Samba servers)
 STEP 7. try connecting with the unix client. eg:
 smbclient '\\yourhostname\aservice'
 Typically the "yourhostname" would be the name of the host where you
 installed smbd. The "aservice" is any service you have defined in the
 smb.conf file. Try your user name if you just have a [homes] section
 in smb.conf.
 For example if your unix host is bambi and your login name is fred you
 would type:
 smbclient '\\bambi\fred'
 NOTE: The number of slashes to use depends on the type of shell you
 use. You may need '\\\\bambi\\fred' with some shells.
 STEP 8. Try connecting from a dos/WfWg/Win95/NT/os-2 client. Try
 mounting disks. eg:
 net use d: \\servername\service
 Try printing. eg:
 net use lpt1: \\servername\spoolservice
 print filename
 Celebrate, or send me a bug report!
 WHAT IF IT DOESN'T WORK?
 ========================
 If nothing works and you start to think "who wrote this pile of trash"
 then I suggest you do step 2 again (and again) till you calm down.
 Then you might read the file DIAGNOSIS.txt and the FAQ. If you are
 still stuck then try the mailing list or newsgroup (look in the README
 for details). Samba has been successfully installed at thousands of
 sites worldwide, so maybe someone else has hit your problem and has
 overcome it. You could also use the WWW site to scan back issues of
 the samba-digest.
 When you fix the problem PLEASE send me some updates to the
 documentation (or source code) so that the next person will find it
 easier. 
 DIAGNOSING PROBLEMS
 ===================
 If you have instalation problems then go to DIAGNOSIS.txt to try to
 find the problem.
 SCOPE IDs
 =========
 By default Samba uses a blank scope ID. This means all your windows
 boxes must also have a blank scope ID. If you really want to use a
 non-blank scope ID then you will need to use the -i <scope> option to
 nmbd, smbd, and smbclient. All your PCs will need to have the same
 setting for this to work. I do not recommend scope IDs.
 CHOOSING THE PROTOCOL LEVEL
 ===========================
 The SMB protocol has many dialects. Currently Samba supports 5, called
 CORE, COREPLUS, LANMAN1, LANMAN2 and NT1.
 You can choose what maximum protocol to support in the smb.conf
 file. The default is NT1 and that is the best for the vast majority of
 sites.
 In older versions of Samba you may have found it necessary to use
 COREPLUS. The limitations that led to this have mostly been fixed. It
 is now less likely that you will want to use less than LANMAN1. The
 only remaining advantage of COREPLUS is that for some obscure reason
 WfWg preserves the case of passwords in this protocol, whereas under
 LANMAN1, LANMAN2 or NT1 it uppercases all passwords before sending them,
 forcing you to use the "password level=" option in some cases.
 The main advantage of LANMAN2 and NT1 is support for long filenames with some
 clients (eg: smbclient, Windows NT or Win95). 
 See the smb.conf manual page for more details.
 Note: To support print queue reporting you may find that you have to
 use TCP/IP as the default protocol under WfWg. For some reason if you
 leave Netbeui as the default it may break the print queue reporting on
 some systems. It is presumably a WfWg bug.
 PRINTING FROM UNIX TO A CLIENT PC
 =================================
 To use a printer that is available via a smb-based server from a unix
 host you will need to compile the smbclient program. You then need to
 install the script "smbprint". Read the instruction in smbprint for
 more details.
 There is also a SYSV style script that does much the same thing called
 smbprint.sysv. It contains instructions.
 LOCKING
 =======
 One area which sometimes causes trouble is locking.
 There are two types of locking which need to be performed by a SMB
 server. The first is "record locking" which allows a client to lock a
 range of bytes in a open file. The second is the "deny modes" that are
 specified when a file is open.
 Samba supports "record locking" using the fcntl() unix system
 call. This is often implemented using rpc calls to a rpc.lockd process
 running on the system that owns the filesystem. Unfortunately many
 rpc.lockd implementations are very buggy, particularly when made to
 talk to versions from other vendors. It is not uncommon for the
 rpc.lockd to crash.
 There is also a problem translating the 32 bit lock requests generated
 by PC clients to 31 bit requests supported by most
 unixes. Unfortunately many PC applications (typically OLE2
 applications) use byte ranges with the top bit set as semaphore
 sets. Samba attempts translation to support these types of
 applications, and the translation has proved to be quite successful.
 Strictly a SMB server should check for locks before every read and
 write call on a file. Unfortunately with the way fcntl() works this
 can be slow and may overstress the rpc.lockd. It is also almost always
 unnecessary as clients are supposed to independently make locking
 calls before reads and writes anyway if locking is important to
 them. By default Samba only makes locking calls when explicitly asked
 to by a client, but if you set "strict locking = yes" then it will
 make lock checking calls on every read and write. 
 You can also disable by range locking completely using "locking =
 no". This is useful for those shares that don't support locking or
 don't need it (such as cdroms). In this case Samba fakes the return
 codes of locking calls to tell clients that everything is OK.
 The second class of locking is the "deny modes". These are set by an
 application when it opens a file to determine what types of access
 should be allowed simultaneously with it's open. A client may ask for
 DENY_NONE, DENY_READ, DENY_WRITE or DENY_ALL. There are also special
 compatability modes called DENY_FCB and DENY_DOS.
 You can disable share modes using "share modes = no". This may be
 useful on a heavily loaded server as the share modes code is very
 slow. See also the FAST_SHARE_MODES option in the Makefile for a way
 to do full share modes very fast using shared memory (if your OS
 supports it).
 MAPPING USERNAMES
 =================
 If you have different usernames on the PCs and the unix server then
 take a look at the "username map" option. See the smb.conf man page
 for details.
 OTHER CHARACTER SETS
 ====================
 If you have problems using filenames with accented characters in them
 (like the German, French or Scandinavian character sets) then I
 recommmend you look at the "valid chars" option in smb.conf and also
 take a look at the validchars package in the examples directory.
--- a/docs/textdocs/DOMAIN.txt
+++ b/docs/textdocs/DOMAIN.txt
@ -30,7 +30,7 @@ To use domain logons and profiles you need to do the following:
 1) Setup nmbd and smbd by configuring smb.conf so that Samba is
-   acting as the master browser. See INSTALL.txt and BROWSING.txt
+   acting as the master browser. See <your OS>_INSTALL.txt and BROWSING.txt
   for details.
 2) Setup a WINS server (see NetBIOS.txt) and configure all your clients