samba-mirror/docs/docbook/samba-pdc-faq.sgml

<!DOCTYPE book PUBLIC "-//OASIS//DTD DocBook V4.1//EN">
<book id="samba-pdc-faq">

<title>The Samba 2.2 PDC FAQ</title>

<bookinfo>
    <author>
        <firstname>David</firstname><surname>Bannon</surname>
        <affiliation><orgname>La Trobe University</orgname></affiliation>
    </author>
    <address><email>dbannon@samba.org</email></address>    
    <pubdate>November 2000</pubdate>
</bookinfo>


<dedication><title></>

    <para>Comments, corrections and additions to <email>D.Bannon@latrobe.edu.au</email></para>

	<para>This is the FAQ for Samba 2.2 as an NTDomain controller. 
	This document is derived from the origional FAQ that was built and 
	maintained by Gerald Carter
	from the early days of Samba NTDomain development up until recently. 
	It is now being updated as significent changes are made to 2.2.0.</para> 

	<para>Please note it does not apply to Samba2.2alpha0, Samba2.2alpha1, Samba 2.0.7, TNG nor HEAD branch.
    </para>
    <para>I'll repeat, it does not apply to the current snapshot [ftp mirror]:/pub/samba/alpha/samba-2.2.0-alpha1.tar.gz, only to the to the current cvs.</para>

<para>
	Also available is a Samba 2.2 PDC <ulink url="samba-pdc-howto.html">HowTo</> that takes you, step
    by step, over the process of setting up a very basic Samba 2.2 Primary Domain Controller
    </para>

	<note><para>Please read the Introduction for the current <link linkend=stateofplay> state of play</>.</para></>
</dedication>

<toc></toc> 

<!-- ================ I N T R O D U C T I O N  ==================== -->


<chapter><title>Introduction</>

<sect1><title id=stateofplay>State of Play</title>
	<para><emphasis>It should be noted that 2.2.0 in its pre-release form still has a few problems,
	I'll try and keep this section current while things are still dynamic. 
	At the time of this update (December 15, 2000) the current state of play is :</emphasis></para>

    <para>Comments here about W2K joining the domain apply only to Samba 2.2 from the CVS after November 27th. The
    'snapshot' release Samba2.2alpha1 does not work !!! See below on how to get a CVS tree.</para>

    <para><command>Known Bug !</>W2K machines will not successfully join a domain with a name that
    is made up from an even number of characters. Yep, thats right ! BIOTEST is OK as is MYDOMAI
    but MYDOMAIN will not work until this bug is fixed. Hmm.., we believe
	that this bug is fixed, but see below.</para> 

    <para><command>Known Bug !</>After some bugs were fixed just before
    Christmas, W2K SP1 machines cannot join the domain. Expected to be
    fixed early in the new year. Whats that ? yeah, samba developers
    have a Christmas break too !</para>


    <para><command>Know Bug !</>NTs (and possibly W2K ?) are not told the logged on user is a domain
    admin if the parameter "domain admin users = user" is used. The alternative, "domain admin group"
    does work. See the HowTo.</>

    <para>Client Side creation of Machine accounts does work but is not complete. 
    Firstly, the <filename>add user script</> runs as the user who's
    name was entered, not as root. Secondly, the machine name passed to the script (%U) 
    has an underscore at the end, not a '$'. One alternative is to use  %m and add the $.
    This method is documented in the <ulink url="samba-pdc-howto.html">HowTo</>.  
    And thirdly, it does not work with NT4ws. 
    </para>

    <para>A W2K machine can join the domain. See the <ulink url="samba-pdc-howto.html">HowTo</>
     which explains the process. The methods
    described are 'work arounds' and should be regarded as temporary. Although I (drb) 
    have tested these procedures a number  of people have had difficulty so there
    may be other issues at work. JFM is aware of these 
    problems and will attend to them when he can.</para>  

	<para>A Domain Admin account is required and at present it appears that only root
	is a suitable candidate.</para> 

	<para>Much of the related code does work. For example, if an NT is removed from the 
	domain and then rejoins, the <filename>Create a Computer Account in the Domain</> dialog
	will let you reset the smbpasswd. That is you don't need to do it from
	the unix box. However, at the present, you do need to have root as an 
	administrator and use the root user name and password.</para> 

    <para><emphasis>Actually I'm 
    not sure that last paragraph is correct ....</></para>

    <para><command>Policies</> do work on a W2K machine. MS says that recent builds of 
    W2K dont observe an NT policy but it appears it does in 'legacy' mode.</para>
  
</sect1>
<sect1><title>Introduction</>
	<para>This FAQ was origionally compiled by Jerry Carter (gc) chiefly dealing with the 'old head'
	version of Samba and its NTDomain facilities. It is being rewritten by David Bannon (drb)
	so that it addresses more accurately the Samba 2.2 planned for release late 2000. </para>

	<para>This document probably still contains some material that does not apply to 
	Samba 2.2 but most (all?) of the really misleading stuff has been removed. Some 
    issues are not dealt with or are dealt with badly. Please send corrections and additions to
	David Bannon at D.Bannon@latrobe.edu.au</para> 

	<para>Hopefully, as we all become familiar with the Samba 2.2 as a PDC this document will
	become much more usefull.</para>


</sect1>
</chapter>

<!-- ============== G E N E R A L   I N F O R M A T I O N ============== -->

<chapter><title>General Information</>


<sect1><title>What can we do ?</title>

<sect2><title>What can Samba Primary Domain Controller (PDC) do ?</>

	<para>If you wish to have Samba act as a PDC for Windows NT 3.51.and 4.0 or W2000 client, then you 
	will need to obtain the 2.2.0 version, currently in pre-release. Release of a stable, 
	full featured Samba PDC is currently slated for version 3.0. </para>

  <para>The following is a list of included  features currently in Samba 2.2:</para>
<itemizedlist>
     <listitem><para>The ability to act as a limited PDC for Windows NT and W2000 clients.  
	This includes adding NT and W2K machines to the domain and authenticating users logging 
	into the domain.</para></listitem> 
     <listitem><para>Domain account can be viewed using the User Manager for 
	Domains  ????</para></listitem>  
     <listitem><para>Viewing resources on the Samba PDC via the Server Manager for Domains 
	from the NT client. ??</para></listitem> 
     <listitem><para>Windows 95 clients will allow user level security to be set 
	but will not currently allow browsing of accounts.</para></listitem>  
     <listitem><para>Machine account password updates.</para></listitem>  
     <listitem><para>Changing of user passwords from an NT client.</para></listitem>  
     <listitem><para>Partial support for Windows NT group and username mapping.</para></listitem>  
     <listitem><para>Support for a LDAP password database backend.</para></listitem>
     <listitem><para>Printing.</para></listitem>
</itemizedlist>

	  
<itemizedlist><title>These things are note expected to work in the forseeable future</title>
     <listitem><para>Trust relationships</para></listitem>
     <listitem><para>PDC and BDC integration</para></listitem>
     <listitem><para>Windows NT ACLs (on the Samba shares)</para></listitem>
     <listitem><para>Offer a list of domain users to User Manager for Domains 
	(or the Security Tab etc).</para></listitem>
</itemizedlist>
</sect2>

<sect2><title>Can I have a Windows 2000 client logon to a Samba controlled domain?</>

	<para>The 2.2 release branch of Samba  supports Windows 2000 domain 
		clients in legacy mode, ie as if the PDC is a NTServer, not a
        W2K server.</para>
</sect2>

<sect2><title>What's the status of print spool (spoolss) support in the NTDOM code? </>

	<para>The implementation of support for SPOOLSS pipe is complete and it will be available
	in the 2.2.0 release. This means that Samba will support the automatic downloading of printer
	drivers for Windows NT clients just as it currently does for Windows 9x clients.</para> 
</sect2>
</sect1>

<sect1><title>CVS</title>
    <para>CVS is a programme (publically available) that the Samba developers use to
    maintain the central source code. Non developers can get access to the source in
    a read only capacity. Many flavours of unix now arrive with cvs installed.</>

<sect2><title>What are the different Samba branches available in CVS ?</>

	<para>You can find out more about obtaining Samba's  via 
	anonymous CVS from 
	<ulink url="http://pserver.samba.org/samba/cvs.html">
	http://pserver.samba.org/samba/cvs.html"</>. </para>

<variablelist><title>There are basically four branches to watch at the moment :</>
    <varlistentry>
         <term>HEAD</> 
	<listitem><para>Samba 3.0 ? This code boasts all the main development 
		work in Samba. Two things that most people are not aware of 
		which live in the HEAD branch code are winbind NSS module and
		Tim Potter's VFS implementation. Due to its developmental
		nature, its not really suitable for production work.
	</para></listitem></varlistentry>
    <varlistentry>
	<term>SAMBA_2_0</term> 
	<listitem><para>This branch contains the current stable release release. 
		At the moment it contains 2.0.7, a version that will do some 
		limited PDC stuff. If you are really going to do PDC things then 
		I (drb) suggest that you consider 2.2 instead.
	</para></listitem></varlistentry>
    <varlistentry>
	<term>SAMBA_2_2</>
	<listitem><para>The next stable release, currently in a 'alpha' form.
		It provides the Samba developers, testers and interested 
		people with an approximation of what is to come. This document 
		addresses only SAMBA_2_2.
	</para></listitem></varlistentry>
    <varlistentry>
	<term>SAMBA_TNG</> 
	<listitem><para>This branch is no longer maintained from the Samba sites. 
		Please see <ulink url="http://www.samba-tng.org/">
		http://www.samba-tng.org/</ulink>.  It has been requested 
		that questions about TNG are not posted to the regular Samba mailing 
		lists including samba-ntdom and samba-technical.
	</para></listitem></varlistentry>
</variablelist>
</sect2>

<sect2><title>What are the CVS commands ?</>

	<para>See <ulink url="http://pserver.samba.org/samba/cvs.html">
	http://pserver.samba.org/samba/cvs.html</></para>

	
	<itemizedlist><title>To get the Samba 2.2 version, tag SAMBA_2_2 you would do :</>
		<listitem><para> For example : <command>cd /usr/local/src/</></></>
		<listitem><para> <command>cvs -d :pserver:cvs@pserver.samba.org:/cvsroot 
			login</></></>
		<listitem><para> When prompted enter a password of <command>cvs</></></>
		<listitem><para> <command>cvs -d :pserver:cvs@pserver.samba.org:/cvsroot 
			co -r SAMBA_2_2 samba</></></>
	</itemizedlist>
	 
	<itemizedlist><title>Then to update that directory at some later time,</>
		<listitem><para> <command>cd /usr/local/src/samba</></></>
		<listitem><para> <command>cvs -d :pserver:cvs@pserver.samba.org:/cvsroot login</></></>
		<listitem><para> When prompted enter a password of 'cvs'.</></>
		<listitem><para> <command>cvs update -d -P</></></>
	</itemizedlist>
</sect2>
</sect1>
</chapter>

<chapter><title>Establishing Connections</>
<sect1><title></title>

<sect2><title>How do I get my NT4 or W2000 Workstation to login to the Samba controlled Domain?</> 

	<para>There is a comprehensive Samba PDC <ulink url="samba-pdc-howto.html">HowTo</>
     accessable from the samba web site 
	under 'Documentation'. Its currently located at <ulink url="http://bioserve.latrobe.edu.au/samba">
	http://bioserve.latrobe.edu.au/samba</>. Read it.</para>
</sect2>

<sect2><title>What is a 'machine account' ?</title>
    <para>Every NT, W2K or Samba machine that joins a Samba controlled domain must be known to
    the Samba PDC. There are two entries required, one in (typically) <filename>/etc/passwd</>
    and the other in (typically) <filename>/usr/local/samba/private/smbpasswd</>. Under 
    some circumstances these entries are made <link linkend=machineaccounts>manually</>, the 
    <ulink url="samba-pdc-howto.html">HowTo</> discusses ways of creating them automatically.</para>
</sect2>


<sect2><title>"The machine account for this computer either does not exist or is not accessable."</>

	<para>When I try to join the domain I get the message "The machine account for this computer
	either does not exist or is not accessable". Whats wrong ?</para>

	<para>This problem is caused by the PDC not having a suitable machine account. 
	If you are using the <command>add user script =</> method to create accounts 
	then this would indicate that it has not worked. Ensure the domain admin user 
	system is working.</para>

	<para>Alternatively if you are creating account entries manually then they have not been created
	correctly. Make sure that you have the entry correct for the machine account in smbpasswd 
	file on the Samba PDC. If you added the account using an editor rather than using the smbpasswd utility, 
	make sure that the account name is the machine netbios name with a '$' appended to it 
	( ie. computer_name$ ). There must be an entry in both /etc/passwd and 
	the smbpasswd file. Some people have reported that 
	inconsistent subnet masks between the Samba server and the NT client have caused this problem.  
	Make sure that these are consistent for both client and server.</para>
</sect2>

<sect2><title id=machineaccounts>How do I create machine accounts manually ?</title>

	<para>This was the only option until recently, now in version 2.2 better means are available.
	You might still need to do it manually for a couple of reasons. A machine account 
	consists of two entries (assuming a standard install and /etc/passwd use), 
	one in /etc/passwd and the other in /usr/local/samba/private/smbpasswd. The /etc/passwd
	entry will list the machine name with a $ appended, won't have a passwd, will have a null
	shell and no home directory. For example a machine called 'doppy' would have an /etc/passwd 
	entry like this :</para>

	<para><command>doppy$:x:505:501:NTMachine:/dev/null:/bin/false</></para>

	<para>On a linux system for example, you would typically add it like this :</para>

	<para><command>adduser -g machines -c NTMachine -d /dev/null -s /bin/false -n 
		doppy$</command></para>

	<para>Then you need to add that entry to smbpasswd, assuming you have a suitable
	path to the <command>smbpasswd</> programme, do this :</para>

	<para><command>smbpasswd -a -m doppy$</command></para>

	<para>The entry will be created with a well known password, so any machine that 
	says its doppy could join the domain as long as it gets in first. So don't create
	the accounts any earlier than you need them.</para>
</sect2> 

<sect2><title>I cannot include a '$' in a machine name.</title>

    <para>A 'machine name' in (typically) <filename>/etc/passwd</> consists 
    of the machine name with a '$' appended. FreeBSD (and other BSD systems ?) 
    won't create a user with a '$' in their name.</para>

    <para>The problem is only in the program used to make the entry, once made, it works
    perfectly. So create a user without the '$' and use <command>vipw</> to edit
    the entry, adding the '$'. Or create the whole entry with vipw if you like,
    make sure you use a unique uid !</para>
</sect2>

<sect2><title id=alreadyhaveconnection>I get told "You already have a connection to the Domain...." when creating a
	 machine account.</>
	
	<para>This happens if you try to create a machine account from the machine itself 
	and use a user	name that does not work (for whatever reason) and then try 
	another (possibly valid) user name.
	Exit out of the network applet to close the initial connection and try again.</para>

    <para>Further, if the machine is a already a 'member of a workgroup' that is the 
        same name as the domain you are joining (bad idea) you will get this message.
        Change the workgroup name to something else, it does not matter what, reboot,
        and try again.</para>
</sect2>

<sect2><title>I get told "Cannot join domain, the credentials supplied conflict
                with an existing set.."</>
    <para>This is the same basic problem as mentioned above, <link linkend=alreadyhaveconnection>
        "You already have a connection..."</link></para>
</sect2>

<sect2><title>"The system can not log you on (C000019B)...."</>
	<para>I joined the domain successfully but after upgrading to a newer version of the 
	Samba code I get the message, "The system can not log you on (C000019B), Please try a
	gain or consult your system administrator" when attempting to logon.</para>

	<para>This occurs when the domain SID stored in private/WORKGROUP.SID is changed.  
	For example, you remove the file and smbd automatically creates a new one.   
	Or you are swapping back and forth between versions 2.0.7, TNG and the HEAD branch
	code (not recommended).  The only way to correct the problem is to restore the 
	original domain SID or 	remove the domain client from the domain and rejoin.</para> 
</sect2>
</sect1>

</chapter>


<!-- ============ U S E R   A C C O U N T   M A N A G M E N T   ============= -->

<chapter><title>User Account Management</title>
<sect1><title>Domain Admins</title>
<sect2><title>How do I configure an account as a domain administrator?</title>

	<para>See the NTDom <ulink url="samba-pdc-howto.html">HowTo</>.</para>
</sect2>
</sect1>

<sect1><title>Profiles</title>
<sect2><Title>Why is it bad to set "logon path = \\%N\%U\profile" in smb.conf? ?</>

	<para>Sometimes Windows clients will maintain a connection to the \\homes\ ( or [%U] ) share 
	even after the user has logged out. Consider the following scenario.</para> 
<itemizedlist>
     <listitem><para> user1 logs into the Windows NT machine.  Therefore the 
		[homes] share is set to \\server\user1.</para></listitem>
     <listitem><para> user1 works for a while and then logs out. </para></listitem>
     <listitem><para> user2 logs into the same Windows NT  machine.</para></listitem> 
</itemizedlist>

	<para>However, since the NT box has maintained a connection to [homes] which was 
	previously set to \\server\user1, when the operating system attempts to 
	get the profile and if it can read users1's profile, will get it otherwise it 
	will return an error. You get the picture.</para>

	<para>A better solution is to use a separate [profiles] share and set the 
	"logon path = \\%N\profiles\%U" </para>


	<note><para>Is this still a problem ????</para></note> 
</sect2>


<sect2><title>Why are all the users listed in the "domain admin users" using the same profile?</>

	<para>You are using a very very old development version of Samba. Upgrade.</para>
</sect2>
    




<sect2><title>The roaming profiles do not seem to be updating on the server.</title>

    <para>There can be several reasons for this.</para> 

    <para>Make sure that the time on the client and the PDC are synchronized.  You can accomplish 
	this by executing a <command>net time  \\server /set /yes</> replacing server with the 
	name of your PDC (or another synchronized SMB server). See <link linkend="SettingTime">
    about Setting Time</link></para>

	<para>Make sure that the 
	logon path is writeable by the user and make sure that the connection to the logon 
	path location is by the current user.   Sometimes Windows client do not drop the 
	connection immediately upon logoff.</para> 

    <para>Some people have reported that the logon path location should also be browseable.   
	I (GC) have yet to emperically verify this, but you can try.</para> 
</sect2>
</sect1>

<sect1><title>Policies</title>

<sect2><title>What are 'Policies' ?.</title>
    <para>When a user logs onto the domain via a client machine, the PDC sends  
    the client machine a list of things contained in the 'policy' (if it exists).
    This list may do things like suppress a splach screen, format the dates the way you 
    like them or perhaps remove locally stored profiles.</para>

    <para>On a samba PDC this list is obtained from a file called <command>ntconfig.pol</>
    and located in the <command>[netlogon]</>share. The file is created with a policy editor
    and must be readable by anyone and writeable by only root. See <link linkend=policyeditor>
    below</> for how  to get a suitable editor.</para>  
</sect2>

<sect2><title>I can't get system policies to work.</title>

    <para>There are two possible reasons for system policies not functioning correctly. 
     Make sure that you have the following parameters set in smb.conf </para>

    <programlisting>
	[netlogon]
	....
	locking = no
	public = no
	browseable = yes
	....   
    </programlisting>

    <para>A policy file must be in the <command>[netlogon]</> share and must be 
    readable by everyone and writeable by only root. The file must be created
    by an NTServer <link linkend=policyeditor>Policy Editor</>.</para>

    <para>Last time I (drb) looked in the source, it was
	looking for <filename>ntconfig.pol</> first then several other combinations of upper
	and lower case. People have reported success using <filename>NTconfig.pol</>, 
	<filename>NTconfig.POL</> and <filename>ntconfig.pol</>.   These are the case 
    settings that I (GC) use with the
	filename <filename>ntconfig.pol</></para>

    <programlisting>
        case sensitive = no
        case preserve = yes
        default case = yes
    </programlisting>
 
</sect2>

<sect2><title id=policyeditor>What about Windows NT Policy Editor ?</title>

	<para>To create or edit <command>ntconfig.pol</> you must use the NT Server 
    Policy Editor, <command>poledit.exe</>	which is included with NT Server 
    but <emphasis>not NT Workstation</>. There is a Policy Editor on a NTws 
    but it is not suitable for creating <emphasis>Domain Policies</emphasis>. 
    Further, although the Windows 95 
	Policy Editor can be installed on an NT Workstation/Server, it will not
	work with NT policies because the registry key that are set by the policy templates. 
	However, the files from the NT Server will run happily enough on an NTws. 
	You need <filename>poledit.exe, common.adm</> and <filename>winnt.adm</>. It is convenient
    to put the two *.adm files in <filename>c:\winnt\inf</> which is where
    the binary will look for them unless told otherwise. Note also that that 
    directory is 'hidden'.</para>

	<para>The Windows NT policy editor is also included with the 
	Service Pack 3 (and later) for Windows NT 4.0. Extract the files using 
    <command>servicepackname /x</>, ie thats <command>Nt4sp6ai.exe /x</>
    for service pack 6a.  
	The policy editor, <command>poledt.exe</> and the associated template files (*.adm) should
	be extracted as well.  It is also possible to downloaded the policy template 
	files for Office97 and get a copy of the policy editor.  Another possible 
	location is with the Zero Administration Kit available for download from Microsoft.
    </para>
</sect2>


<sect2><title>Can Win95 do Policies ?</title>

	<para>Install the group policy handler for Win9x to pick up group policies. 
    Look on the Win98 CD in <filename>
	\tools\reskit\netadmin\poledit</>. Install group policies on a Win9x client by double-clicking 
	<filename>grouppol.inf</>. Log off and on again a couple of times and see if 
    Win98 picks up group policies. 
	Unfortunately this needs to be done on every Win9x machine that uses group policies....</para> 

	<para>If group policies don't work one reports suggests getting the updated (read: working) 
	grouppol.dll for Windows 9x. The group list is grabbed from /etc/group.</para>

</sect2>

</sect1>

<sect1><title>Passwords</title>

<sect2><title>What is password sync and should I use it ?</title>

    <para>NTws users can change their domain password by pressing Ctrl-Alt-Del and
    choosing 'Change Password'. By default however, this does not change the unix password 
    (typically in <filename>/etc/passwd or /etc/shadow</>). In lots of situations
    thats OK, for example :</para>
    <itemizedlist>
    <listitem><para>The server is only accessible to the user via samba.</para></listitem>
    <listitem><para>Pam_smb or similar is installed so other applications 
        still refer to the samba password.</></>
    </itemizedlist>
    <para>But sometimes you really do need to maintain two seperate password databases and
    there are good reasons to keep then in sync.  Trying to explain to users
	that they need to change their passwords in two seperate places or use 
    two seperate passwords is not fun.</para>

    <para>However do understand that setting up password sync is not without problems either. 
    The chief difficulty is the interface between Samba and the <command>passwd</> command, 
	it can be a fiddle to set up and if the password the user has entered fails, 
	the resulting errors are ambiguously reported
	and the user is confused. Further, you need to take steps to ensure that users
    only ever change their passwords via samba (or use <command>smbpasswd</>),
    otherwise they will only be changing the unix password.</para>
    

</sect2>

<sect2><title>How do I get remote password (unix and SMB) changing working ?</>

	<para>Have a practice changing a user's password (as root) to see what 
	discussion takes place and change the text in the 'passwd chat' line below  as necessary. The
    line as shown works for recent RH Linux but most other systems seem to like to do something
    different. The '*' is a wild card and will match anything (or nothing).
	</para>

	<para>Add these lines to smb.conf under [Global]</para>

	<programlisting> 

		unix password sync = true
   		passwd program = /usr/bin/passwd %u
   		passwd chat = *password* %n\n *password* %n\n *successful*
	</programlisting>

	<para>As mentioned above, the change to the unix password 
	happens as root, not as the user, as is indicated in ~/smbd/chgpasswd.c  If
	you are using NIS, the Samba server must be running on the NIS master machine.</para>
</sect2>

</sect1>

</chapter>

<!-- ===================  M I S C E L L A N E O U S  ================= -->

<chapter><title>Miscellaneous</title>
<sect1><title></title>
<sect2><title>What editor can I use in DOS/Windows that won't mess with my unix EOF</title>
    <para>There are a number of Windows or DOS based editors that will understand, and
    leave intact, the unix eof (as opposed to a DOS CL/LF). List members suggested :</para>

    <itemizedlist>
    <listitem><para>UltraEdit at <ulink url="http://www.ultraedit.com">www.ultraedit.com</></></>
    <listitem><para>VI for windows at <ulink url="http://home.snafu.de/ramo/WinViEn.htm">
        home.snafu.de/ramo/WinViEn.htm</></></>
    <listitem><para>The author prefers PFE at <ulink url="http://www.lancs.ac.uk/people/cpaap/pfe/">
            www.lancs.ac.uk/people/cpaap/pfe/</> but its no longer being developed...</></>
    </itemizedlist>
</sect2>




<sect2><title>How do I get 'User Manager' and 'Server Manager'</title>

	<para>Since I don't need to buy an NT Server CD now, how do I get the 'User Manager for
	Domains', the 'Server Manager' ?</para>

<itemizedlist><title>Microsoft distributes a version of these tools called nexus 
    for installation on Windows 95 systems.  The tools set includes</title>
     <listitem><para>Server Manager</para></listitem> 
     <listitem><para>User Manager for Domains</para></listitem> 
     <listitem><para>Event Viewer</para></listitem> 
</itemizedlist>

	<para>Click here to download the archived file 
        <ulink url="ftp://ftp.microsoft.com/Softlib/MSLFILES/NEXUS.EXE">
        ftp://ftp.microsoft.com/Softlib/MSLFILES/NEXUS.EXE</ulink></para>

	<para>The Windows NT 4.0 version of the 'User Manager for Domains' 
        and 'Server Manager' are available from Microsoft via ftp from 
        <ulink url="ftp://ftp.microsoft.com/Softlib/MSLFILES/SRVTOOLS.EXE">
        ftp://ftp.microsoft.com/Softlib/MSLFILES/SRVTOOLS.EXE</ulink></para>
</sect2>


<sect2><title id="SettingTime">The time setting from a Samba server does not work.</title>
	<para>If it works OK when you log on as Domain Admin then the problem is that ordinary users
	don't have permission to change the time. (The system is running with their permission
	at logon time.) This is not a Samba problem, you will have the same problem where ever
	you connect. You can give 'everyone' permission to change the time from the User Manager.
	</para>

	<para>Anyone know what the registry settings are so this could be done with a Policy ?</para>
</sect2>

<sect2><title>"trust account xxx should be in DOMAIN_GROUP_RID_USERS"</>
	<para>I keep getting the message "trust account xxx should be in DOMAIN_GROUP_RID_USERS." 
	in the logs. What do I need to do?</para>

	<para>You are using one of the old development versions. Upgrade. 
	(The message is unimportant, was a reminder to a developer)</para>

</sect2>

<sect2><title>How do I get my samba server to become a member ( not PDC ) of an NT domain?</title>


	<para>In a domain that has a number of servers you only need one password database. 
	The machines that don't have their own ask the PDC  to check for them.
    This will work fine for a domain controlled by either a Samba or NT machine.
	The following lines in smb.conf are typical, 'password server' points to the 
	samba machine (or an NT) that has the password list : </para>

	<programlisting> 

		[global]
		...
		security = domain
		workgroup = { Put your domain name here }
		password server = { Put the ip of the PDC here }
		encrypt passwords = yes
		...	
	</programlisting>

	<para>The samba server in question will have to 'join the domain', that requires 
	the domain controller to have a machine	account for it. This is no different 
	to the machine account requirements to allow a NTws to join the domain. For
	example, if we want a unix box called <emphasis>sleepy</> to ask the PDC called <emphasis>grumpy</> 
	to do its authentication then <emphasis>grumpy</> will need an entry in its smbpasswd 
	(assuming it's also samba) that starts with <emphasis>sleepy$</>. It would have to be
    created <link linkend=machineaccounts>manually</>. </para>

    <para>If the domain is controlled by an NTServer then the "Server Manager for Domains"
    tool must be used to add 'sleepy' to the domain list.</para>

    <para>In either case we then join the domain. If the domain is called <emphasis>forest</>
	then on sleepy we would join the domain by typing :</para>

	<para><command>smbpasswd -j forest</command></para>

    <para>Note that the directory where the smbpasswd file would be 
	located should exist as this is where smbd will generate the MACHINE.SID file. This
    might be <filename>/usr/local/samba/private/FOREST.SLEEPY.SID</> and
    it contains the trust account password for the domain member. The permissions are
    (and should remain) "rw-------</para> 


	<para>Note the Samba Servers without the password list will most likely still need an account 
	for each user, this means a line in its <filename>/etc/passwd</filename>. Because authentication
    is being handled at the domain level the 
	<filename>/etc/passwd</filename> line does not need a password.
	If the shares being offered are not user specific, ie a common (read only ?) 
	area or perhaps just printing then the user's
	<filename>/etc/passwd</filename> does not need a home directory. A typical 
	line in <filename>/etc/passwd</filename> for a server that allows domain users to
	connect to the samba shares but does not offer a home share ('cos that's on the PDC) 
	and does not allow logon to the unix prompt would be like this :</para>

    <programlisting>jblow:x:542:100:Joe Blow:/dev/null:/bin/false</programlisting>

    <note><title>Notes :</>
    <itemizedlist>
    <listitem><para>When removing those 'dummy' users, watch the 'remove user' scripts, 
	some OS think they should remove a users directory even when its not owned by the user !
	</para></listitem>

    <listitem><para>The <filename>username map = </> parameter might help you to avoid having 
    all those accounts created.</para></listitem>

    <listitem>
        <para>You should investigate the smb.conf parameter 
	    <filename>'add user script'</filename>, it will be used to create accounts on 
	    secondary servers when that account already exists on the PDC. Very nice.
        Something like :</para>

        <programlisting>
    [Global]
    ....
    add user script = /usr/sbin/adduser -n -g users -c User -d /dev/null -s /bin/false %U	
    ....
        </programlisting>
    </listitem>
    </itemizedlist>
    </note>

</sect2>
</sect1>
</chapter>


<!-- ======== T R O U B L E   S H O O T I N G   and  B U G    R E P O R T I N G ======== -->



<chapter><title>Troubleshooting and Bug Reporting</title>

<sect1><title>Diagnostic tools</title>

<sect2><title>What are some diagnostics tools I can use to debug the domain logon process and where can I
	find them? </title>

    <para>One of the best diagnostic tools for debugging problems is Samba itself.  You can use the -d 
	option for both smbd and nmbd to specifiy what 'debug level' at which to run.  See the man 
	pages on smbd, nmbd  and smb.conf for more information on debugging options.  The debug 
	level can range from 1 (the default) to around 100 but a debug level of about 20 will 
	normally help you find any errors that samba is encountering. Another helpful method 
	of debugging is to compile samba using the gcc -g flag.   This will include debug 
	information in the binaries and allow you to attch gdb to the running smbd / nmbd 
	process.  In order to attach gdb to an smbd process for an NT workstation, first 
	get the workstation to make the connection. Pressing ctrl-alt-delete and going down 
	to the domain box is sufficient (at least, on the first time you join the domain) to 
	generate a 'LsaEnumTrustedDomains'. Thereafter, the workstation maintains an open 
	connection, and therefore there will be an smbd process running (assuming that you 
	haven't set a really short smbd idle timeout)  So, in between pressing ctrl alt 
	delete, and actually typing in your password, you can gdb attach and continue.</para>

    <itemizedlist><title>Some usefull samba commands worth investigating:</>
    <listitem><para>testparam | more</></>
    <listitem><para>smbclient -L //{netbios name of server}</></>
    </itemizedlist>
    
    <para>An SMB enabled version of tcpdump is available from 
    <ulink url="ftp://samba.org/pub/samba/tcpdump-smb/">ftp://samba.org/pub/samba/tcpdump-smb/
    </ulink></para>

    <para>Capconvert is a small C program for translating output from tcpdump-smb to CAP format 
	that can be read by netmon. You will need to use the raw output from tcp dump 
	( ie. <command>tcpdump -w output.dump</> ).  Good news!  Now you can convert
     Solaris' snoop output as well.   The C source code for snoop2cap is available for download.
    </para> 

    <para>For tracing things on the Microsoft Windows NT, Network Monitor (aka. netmon) is available 
	on the Microsoft Developer Network CD's, the Windows NT Server install CD and the SMS CD's.  
	The version of netmon that ships with SMS allows for dumping packets between any two 
	computers (ie. placing the network interface in promiscuous mode).  The version 
	on the NT Server install CD will only allow monitoring of network traffic directed to the 
	local NT box and broadcasts on the local subnet.</para>

</sect2>

<sect2><title>How do I install 'Network Monitor' on an NT Workstation or a Windows 9x box?</title>

	<para>Installing netmon on an NT workstation requires a couple of steps.  The following 
	are for installing Netmon V4.00.349, which comes with Microsoft Windows NT Server 
	4.0, on Microsoft Windows NT Workstation 4.0.  The process should be similar
	for other version of Windows NT / Netmon.  You will need both the Microsoft Windows 
	NT Server 4.0 Install CD and the Workstation 4.0 Install CD.</para> 


	<para>Initially you will need to install 'Network Monitor Tools and Agent' on the 
    NT Server.  To do this </para>

<itemizedlist>
   <listitem><para>Goto Start - Settings - Control Panel - Network - Services - Add </para></listitem>
   <listitem><para>Select the 'Network Monitor Tools and Agent' and click on 'OK'.</para></listitem> 
   <listitem><para>Click 'OK' on the Network Control Panel.</para></listitem> 
   <listitem><para>Insert the Windows NT Server 4.0 install CD when prompted.</para></listitem> 
</itemizedlist>

	<para>At this point the Netmon files should exist in <filename>%SYSTEMROOT%\System32\netmon\*.*</>.    
	Two subdirectories exist as well, <filename>parsers\</> which contains the necessary DLL's 
	for parsing the netmon packet dump, and <filename>captures\</>.</para>

	<para>In order to install the Netmon tools on an NT Workstation, you will first need to 
	install the 'Network  Monitor Agent' from the Workstation install CD.</para>
<itemizedlist>
   <listitem><para>Goto Start - Settings - Control Panel - Network - Services - Add</para></listitem> 
   <listitem><para>Select the 'Network Monitor Agent' and click on 'OK'.</para></listitem> 
   <listitem><para>Click 'OK' on the Network Control Panel.</para></listitem> 
   <listitem><para>Insert the Windows NT Workstation 4.0 install CD when prompted.</para></listitem> 
</itemizedlist>


	<para>Now copy the files from the NT Server in %SYSTEMROOT%\System32\netmon\*.* to
	%SYSTEMROOT%\System32\netmon\*.* on the Workstation and set permissions as 
	you deem appropriate for your site. You will need administrative rights on the 
	NT box to run netmon.</para>

	<para>To install Netmon on a Windows 9x box install the network monitor agent from 
	the Windows 9x CD (\admin\nettools\netmon).   
	There is a readme file located with the netmon driver files on the CD if you need 
	information on how to do this.  Copy the files from a working Netmon installation.</para> 

</sect2>

</sect1>

<sect1><title>What other help can I get ? </title>

	<para>There are many sources of information available in the form of mailing lists, RFC's 
	and documentation.  The docs that come with the samba distribution contain very 
	good explanations of general SMB topics such as browsing.</para> 

<sect2><title id=urls>URLs and similar</title>


<itemizedlist>

    <listitem><para>Home of Samba site <ulink url="http://samba.org">
        http://samba.org</ulink>. We have a mirror near you !</para></listitem>

    <listitem><para> The <emphasis role=strong>Development</emphasis> document 
		on the Samba mirrors might mention your problem. If so,
		it might mean that the developers are working on it.</para></listitem>
 
	<listitem><para> Ignacio Coupeau has a very comprehesive look at LDAP with Samba at 
		<ulink url="http://www.unav.es/cti/ldap-smb-howto.html">
		http://www.unav.es/cti/ldap-smb-howto.html</ulink> 
		Be a little carefull however, I suspect that it does not specificly 
		address samba 2.2.x. The HEAD pre-2.1 may possibly be the best
		stream to look at.</para></listitem>

	<listitem><para>  Lars Kneschke's site covers <ulink url="http://www.samba-tng.org">
        Samba-TNG</ulink> at 
		<ulink url="http://www.kneschke.de/projekte/samba_tng">
		http://www.kneschke.de/projekte/samba_tng</ulink>, but again, a 
		lot of it does not apply to the main stream Samba.</para></listitem>

    <listitem><para>See how Scott Merrill simulates a BDC behaviour at 
        <ulink url="http://www.skippy.net/linux/smb-howto.html">
        http://www.skippy.net/linux/smb-howto.html</>. </para></listitem>

    <listitem><para>Although 2.0.7 has almost had its day as a PDC, I (drb) will
        keep the 2.0.7 PDC pages at <ulink url="http://bioserve.latrobe.edu.au/samba">
        http://bioserve.latrobe.edu.au/samba</ulink> going for a while yet.</para></listitem>

    <listitem><para>Misc links to CIFS information 
        <ulink url="http://samba.org/cifs/">http://samba.org/cifs/</ulink></para></listitem>

    <listitem><para>NT Domains for Unix <ulink url="http://mailhost.cb1.com/~lkcl/ntdom/">
        http://mailhost.cb1.com/~lkcl/ntdom/</ulink></para></listitem>

    <listitem><para>FTP site for older SMB specs: 
        <ulink url="ftp://ftp.microsoft.com/developr/drg/CIFS/">
        ftp://ftp.microsoft.com/developr/drg/CIFS/</ulink></para></listitem>

</itemizedlist>


<itemizedlist><title>There are a number of documents that no longer appear to live at their
    origional home. Any one know where the following may be found ?</title>

    <listitem><para>CIFS/E Browser Protocol draft-leach-cifs-browser-spec-00.txt</para></listitem>
    <listitem><para>CIFS Remote Administration Protocol draft-leach-cifs-rap-spec-00.txt</para></listitem>
    <listitem><para>CIFS Logon and Pass Through Authentication draft-leach-cifs-logon-spec-00.txt</para></listitem>
    <listitem><para>A Common Internet File System (CIFS/1.0) Protocol draft-leach-cifs-v1-spec-01.txt</para></listitem>
    <listitem><para>CIFS Printing Specification draft-leach-cifs-print-spec-00.txt</para></listitem>
    <listitem><para>RFC1001 (March '87) Protocol standard for a NetBIOS service on a TCP/UDP transport: Concepts and methods.
     http://ds.internic.net/rfc/rfc1001.txt </para></listitem>
    <listitem><para>RFC1002 (March '87) Protocol standard for a NetBIOS service on a TCP/UDP transport: Detailed specifications.
     http://ds.internic.net/rfc/rfc1002.txt </para></listitem>
    <listitem><para>Microsoft's main CIFS page: http://www.microsoft.com/workshop/networking/cifs/</para></listitem>
</itemizedlist>    

</sect2>


<sect2><title>How do I get help from the mailing lists ?</title>

    <para> There are a number of Samba related mailing lists. Go to <ulink url=
        "http://samba.org">http://samba.org</ulink>, click on your nearest mirror
        and then click on <command>Support</> and then click on <command>
        Samba related mailing lists</>.</para>

    <para>For questions relating to Samba TNG go to
        <ulink url="http://www.samba-tng.org/">http://www.samba-tng.org/</ulink> 
	    It has been requested that you don't post questions about Samba-TNG to the
        main stream Samba lists.</para>
	 
<itemizedlist><title>If you post a message to one of the lists please
	 observe the following guide lines :</title>

	<listitem><para> Always remember that the developers are volunteers, they are 
		not paid and they never guarantee to produce a particular feature at 
		a particular time. Any time lines are 'best guess' and nothing more.
		</para></listitem>

	<listitem><para> Always mention what version of samba you are using and what 
		operating system its running under. You should probably list the
        relevant sections of your smb.conf file, at least the options 
        in [global] that affect PDC support.</para></listitem>

    <listitem><para>In addition to the version, if you obtained Samba via
        CVS mention the date when you last checked it out.</para></listitem>

	<listitem><para> Try and make your question clear and brief, lots of long, 
		convoluted questions get deleted before	they are completely read ! 
		Don't post html encoded messages (if you can select colour or font 
		size its html).</para></listitem>

	<listitem><para> If you run one of those niffy 'I'm on holidays' things when 
		you are away, make sure its configured	to not answer mailing lists.
		</para></listitem> 

	<listitem><para> Don't cross post. Work out which is the best list to post to 
		and see what happens, ie don't post to both samba-ntdom and samba-technical.
        Many people active on the lists subscribe to more 
		than one list and get annoyed to see the same message two or more times. 
		Often someone will see a message and thinking it would be better dealt 
		with on another, will forward it on for you.</para></listitem>

    <listitem><para>You might include <emphasis>partial</emphasis>
        log files written at a debug level set to as much as 20.  
        Please don't send the entire log but enough to give the context of the 
        error messages.</para></listitem>

    <listitem><para>(Possibly) If you have a complete netmon trace ( from the opening of 
        the pipe to the error ) you can send the *.CAP file as well.</para></listitem> 

    <listitem><para>Please think carefully before attaching a document to an email.
        Consider pasting the relevant parts into the body of the message. The samba
        mailing lists go to a huge number of people, do they all need a copy of your 
        smb.conf in their attach directory ?</para></listitem>

</itemizedlist>
</sect2>


<sect2><title>How do I get off the mailing lists ?</title>
    <para>To have your name removed from a samba mailing list, go to the
        same place you went to to get on it. Go to <ulink url=
        "http://samba.org">http://samba.org</ulink>, click on your nearest mirror
        and then click on <command>Support</> and then click on <command>
        Samba related mailing lists</>. Or perhaps see 
        <ulink url="http://lists.samba.org/mailman/roster/samba-ntdom">here</></para>

    <para>Please don't post messages to the list asking to be removed, you will just
        be refered to the above address (unless that process failed in some way...)
    </para>
</sect2>
      
</sect1>

</chapter>




</book>