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doc/QuickStart.html
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<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01//EN">
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<html>
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<head>
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<link type="text/css" rel="stylesheet" href="style.css" />
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</head>
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<body>
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<div id="page">
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<div id='header'>
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<a href="index.html">
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<img style="border:none" alt="Redis Documentation" src="redis.png">
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</a>
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</div>
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<div id="pagecontent">
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<div class="index">
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<!-- This is a (PRE) block. Make sure it's left aligned or your toc title will be off. -->
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<b>QuickStart: Contents</b><br> <a href="#Quick Start">Quick Start</a><br> <a href="#Obtaining the latest version of Redis">Obtaining the latest version of Redis</a><br> <a href="#Compiling Redis">Compiling Redis</a><br> <a href="#Running Redis">Running Redis</a><br> <a href="#Testing Redis">Testing Redis</a><br> <a href="#Further reading">Further reading</a>
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</div>
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<h1 class="wikiname">QuickStart</h1>
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<div class="summary">
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<h1><a name="Quick Start">Quick Start</a></h1>This quickstart is a five minutes howto on how to get started with Redis. For more information on Redis check <a href="http://code.google.com/p/redis/wiki/index" target="_blank">Redis Documentation Index</a>.<h2><a name="Obtaining the latest version of Redis">Obtaining the latest version of Redis</a></h2>The latest stable source distribution of Redis can be obtained <a href="http://code.google.com/p/redis/downloads/list" target="_blank">at this location as a tarball</a>. The unstable source code, with more features but not ready for production, can be downloaded using git:<br/><br/><pre class="codeblock python" name="code">
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git clone git://github.com/antirez/redis.git
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</pre><h2><a name="Compiling Redis">Compiling Redis</a></h2>Redis can be compiled in most POSIX systems, but the development targets mainly Linux, Mac OS X, FreeBSD and OpenBSD. Solaris is currently not supported and there are no short-term plans to support it.<br/><br/>To compile Redis just untar the tar.gz, enter the directly and type 'make'.<br/><br/><pre class="codeblock python python" name="code">
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tar xvzf redis-1.0.0.tar.gz
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cd redis-1.0.0
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make
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</pre>In order to test if the Redis server is working well in your computer make sure to run <code name="code" class="python">make test</code>and check that all the tests are passed.<h2><a name="Running Redis">Running Redis</a></h2>Redis can run just fine without a configuration file (when executed without a config file a standard configuration is used). To run Redis just type the following command:<br/><br/><pre class="codeblock python python python" name="code">
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./redis-server
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</pre>With the default configuration Redis will log to the standard output so you can check what happens. Later, when you'll ready to install Redis in production, you may want to use a configuration file. The <code name="code" class="python">redis.conf</code> file included in the source code distribution is a starting point, you should be able to modify it in order do adapt it to your needs without troubles reading the comments inside the file. In order to start Redis using a configuration file just pass the file name as the sole argument when starting the server:<br/><br/><pre class="codeblock python python python python" name="code">
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./redis-server redis.conf
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</pre><h2><a name="Testing Redis">Testing Redis</a></h2>To check if the server is working correctly you can use the <code name="code" class="python">redis-cli</code> utility included in the source distribution (and automatically compiled when you compile Redis). For instance to set a key and read back the value use the following:<br/><br/><pre class="codeblock python python python python python" name="code">
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./redis-cli set mykey somevalue
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OK
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./redis-cli get mykey
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somevalue
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</pre><h2><a name="Further reading">Further reading</a></h2><ul><li> To know more about Redis check the <a href="README.html">Readme</a> file.</li><li> Read the full list of available commands in the <a href="CommandReference.html">Command Reference</a>.</li><li> To get started with the Redis replication read the <a href="ReplicationHowto.html">Replication Howto</a>.</li></ul>
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</div>
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</div>
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</div>
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</body>
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</html>
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</div>
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<div class="narrow">
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<h1><a name="A case study: Design and implementation of a simple Twitter clone using only the Redis key-value store as database and PHP">A case study: Design and implementation of a simple Twitter clone using only the Redis key-value store as database and PHP</a></h1>In this article I'll explain the design and the implementation of a <a href="http://retwis.antirez.com" target="_blank">simple clone of Twitter</a> written using PHP and <a href="http://code.google.com/p/redis/" target="_blank">Redis</a> as only database. The programming community uses to look at key-value stores like special databases that can't be used as drop in replacement for a relational database for the development of web applications. This article will try to prove the contrary.<br/><br/>Our Twitter clone, <a href="http://retwis.antirez.com" target="_blank">called Retwis</a>, is structurally simple, has very good performances, and can be distributed among N web servers and M Redis servers with very little efforts. You can find the source code <a href="http://code.google.com/p/redis/downloads/list" target="_blank">here</a>.<br/><br/>We use PHP for the example since it can be read by everybody. The same (or... much better) results can be obtained using Ruby, Python, Erlang, and so on.
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<h1><a name="Key-value stores basics">Key-value stores basics</a></h1>
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<h1><a name="A case study: Design and implementation of a simple Twitter clone using only the Redis key-value store as database and PHP">A case study: Design and implementation of a simple Twitter clone using only the Redis key-value store as database and PHP</a></h1>In this article I'll explain the design and the implementation of a <a href="http://retwis.antirez.com" target="_blank">simple clone of Twitter</a> written using PHP and <a href="http://code.google.com/p/redis/" target="_blank">Redis</a> as only database. The programming community uses to look at key-value stores like special databases that can't be used as drop in replacement for a relational database for the development of web applications. This article will try to prove the contrary.<br/><br/>Our Twitter clone, <a href="http://retwis.antirez.com" target="_blank">called Retwis</a>, is structurally simple, has very good performances, and can be distributed among N web servers and M Redis servers with very little efforts. You can find the source code <a href="http://code.google.com/p/redis/downloads/list" target="_blank">here</a>.<br/><br/>We use PHP for the example since it can be read by everybody. The same (or... much better) results can be obtained using Ruby, Python, Erlang, and so on.<br/><br/><b>News! <a href="http://retwisrb.danlucraft.com/" target="_blank">Retwis-rb</a> is a port of Retwis to Ruby and Sinatra written by Daniel Lucraft!</b> With full source code included of course, the git repository is linked at the end of the Retwis-RB page. The rest of this article targets PHP, but Ruby programmers can also check the other source code, it conceptually very similar.<h1><a name="Key-value stores basics">Key-value stores basics</a></h1>
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The essence of a key-value store is the ability to store some data, called <i>value</i>, inside a key. This data can later be retrieved only if we know the exact key used to store it. There is no way to search something by value. So for example I can use the command SET to store the value <b>bar</b> at key <b>foo</b>:<br/><br/><pre class="codeblock python" name="code">
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SET foo bar
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</pre>Redis will store our data permanently, so we can later ask for "<i>What is the value stored at key foo?</i>" and Redis will reply with <b>bar</b>:<br/><br/><pre class="codeblock python python" name="code">
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@ -242,7 +241,6 @@ Gentle reader, if you reached this point you are already an hero, thank you. Bef
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The first thing to do is to hash the key and issue the request on different servers based on the key hash. There are a lot of well known algorithms to do so, for example check the Redis Ruby library client that implements <i>consistent hashing</i>, but the general idea is that you can turn your key into a number, and than take the reminder of the division of this number by the number of servers you have:<br/><br/><pre class="codeblock python python python python python python python python python python python python python python python python python python python python python python python python" name="code">
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server_id = crc32(key) % number_of_servers
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</pre>This has a lot of problems since if you add one server you need to move too much keys and so on, but this is the general idea even if you use a better hashing scheme like consistent hashing.<br/><br/>Ok, are key accesses distributed among the key space? Well, all the user data will be partitioned among different servers. There are no inter-keys operations used (like SINTER, otherwise you need to care that things you want to intersect will end in the same server. <b>This is why Redis unlike memcached does not force a specific hashing scheme, it's application specific</b>). Btw there are keys that are accessed more frequently.<h3><a name="Special keys">Special keys</a></h3>For example every time we post a new message, we <b>need</b> to increment the <code name="code" class="python">global:nextPostId</code> key. How to fix this problem? A Single server will get a lot if increments. The simplest way to handle this is to have a dedicated server just for increments. This is probably an overkill btw unless you have really a lot of traffic. There is another trick. The ID does not really need to be an incremental number, but just <b>it needs to be unique</b>. So you can get a random string long enough to be unlikely (almost impossible, if it's md5-size) to collide, and you are done. We successfully eliminated our main problem to make it really horizontally scalable!<br/><br/>There is another one: global:timeline. There is no fix for this, if you need to take something in order you can split among different servers and <b>then merge</b> when you need to get the data back, or take it ordered and use a single key. Again if you really have so much posts per second, you can use a single server just for this. Remember that with commodity hardware Redis is able to handle 100000 writes for second, that's enough even for Twitter, I guess.<br/><br/>Please feel free to use the comments below for questions and feedbacks.
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</div>
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<h1><a name="Redis Documentation">Redis Documentation</a></h1>Hello! The followings are pointers to different parts of the Redis Documentation.<br/><br/><ul><li> <a href="README.html">The README</a> is the best starting point to know more about the project.</li><li> <a href="CommandReference.html">The command reference</a> is a description of all the Redis commands with links to command specific pages.</li><li> <a href="ProtocolSpecification.html">The Protocol Specification</a> is all you need in order to implement a Redis client library for a missing language. PHP, Python, Ruby and Erlang are already supported.</li><li> <a href="TwitterAlikeExample.html">This is a tuturial about creating a Twitter clone using *only* Redis as database, no relational DB at all is used</a>, it is a good start to understand the key-value database paradigm.</li><li> <a href="ReplicationHowto.html">The Redis Replication HOWTO</a> is what you need to read in order to understand how Redis master <code name="code" class="python"><-></code> slave replication works.</li><li> <a href="FAQ.html">Our FAQ</a> contains of course some answers to common questions about Redis.</li><li> <a href="Benchmarks.html">The benchmark page</a> is about the speed performances of Redis.</li><li> <b>New!</b> video: <a href="http://mwrc2009.confreaks.com/13-mar-2009-19-24-redis-key-value-nirvana-ezra-zygmuntowicz.html" target="_blank">watch the Ezra Zygmuntowicz talk about Redis</a> to know the most important Redis ideas in few minutes.</li></ul>
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<h1><a name="Redis Documentation">Redis Documentation</a></h1>Hello! The followings are pointers to different parts of the Redis Documentation.<br/><br/><ul><li> <a href="README.html">The README</a> is the best starting point to know more about the project.</li><li> <a href="QuickStart.html">This short Quick Start</a> provides a five minutes step-by-step istructions on how to download, compile, run and test the basic workings of a Redis server.</li><li> <a href="CommandReference.html">The command reference</a> is a description of all the Redis commands with links to command specific pages.</li><li> <a href="ProtocolSpecification.html">The Protocol Specification</a> is all you need in order to implement a Redis client library for a missing language. PHP, Python, Ruby and Erlang are already supported.</li><li> <a href="TwitterAlikeExample.html">This is a tuturial about creating a Twitter clone using *only* Redis as database, no relational DB at all is used</a>, it is a good start to understand the key-value database paradigm.</li><li> <a href="ReplicationHowto.html">The Redis Replication HOWTO</a> is what you need to read in order to understand how Redis master <code name="code" class="python"><-></code> slave replication works.</li><li> <a href="FAQ.html">Our FAQ</a> contains of course some answers to common questions about Redis.</li><li> <a href="Benchmarks.html">The benchmark page</a> is about the speed performances of Redis.</li><li> <b>New!</b> video: <a href="http://mwrc2009.confreaks.com/13-mar-2009-19-24-redis-key-value-nirvana-ezra-zygmuntowicz.html" target="_blank">watch the Ezra Zygmuntowicz talk about Redis</a> to know the most important Redis ideas in few minutes.</li></ul>
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