mm tracing: cleanup Documentation/trace/events-kmem.txt
Clean up typos/grammos/spellos in events-kmem.txt. Signed-off-by: Randy Dunlap <randy.dunlap@oracle.com> Cc: Mel Gorman <mel@csn.ul.ie> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
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Subsystem Trace Points: kmem
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The tracing system kmem captures events related to object and page allocation
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within the kernel. Broadly speaking there are four major subheadings.
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The kmem tracing system captures events related to object and page allocation
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within the kernel. Broadly speaking there are five major subheadings.
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o Slab allocation of small objects of unknown type (kmalloc)
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o Slab allocation of small objects of known type
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@ -9,7 +9,7 @@ within the kernel. Broadly speaking there are four major subheadings.
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o Per-CPU Allocator Activity
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o External Fragmentation
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This document will describe what each of the tracepoints are and why they
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This document describes what each of the tracepoints is and why they
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might be useful.
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1. Slab allocation of small objects of unknown type
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@ -34,7 +34,7 @@ kmem_cache_free call_site=%lx ptr=%p
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These events are similar in usage to the kmalloc-related events except that
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it is likely easier to pin the event down to a specific cache. At the time
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of writing, no information is available on what slab is being allocated from,
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but the call_site can usually be used to extrapolate that information
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but the call_site can usually be used to extrapolate that information.
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3. Page allocation
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==================
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@ -80,9 +80,9 @@ event indicating whether it is for a percpu_refill or not.
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When the per-CPU list is too full, a number of pages are freed, each one
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which triggers a mm_page_pcpu_drain event.
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The individual nature of the events are so that pages can be tracked
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The individual nature of the events is so that pages can be tracked
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between allocation and freeing. A number of drain or refill pages that occur
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consecutively imply the zone->lock being taken once. Large amounts of PCP
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consecutively imply the zone->lock being taken once. Large amounts of per-CPU
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refills and drains could imply an imbalance between CPUs where too much work
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is being concentrated in one place. It could also indicate that the per-CPU
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lists should be a larger size. Finally, large amounts of refills on one CPU
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@ -102,6 +102,6 @@ is important.
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Large numbers of this event implies that memory is fragmenting and
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high-order allocations will start failing at some time in the future. One
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means of reducing the occurange of this event is to increase the size of
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means of reducing the occurrence of this event is to increase the size of
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min_free_kbytes in increments of 3*pageblock_size*nr_online_nodes where
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pageblock_size is usually the size of the default hugepage size.
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