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generate man pages

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David Teigland 2017-02-10 16:20:19 -06:00
parent 13a6368522
commit 698abdde16
125 changed files with 1056 additions and 6580 deletions
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2
configure.in
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@ -86,6 +86,8 @@ AC_PROG_RANLIB
AC_PATH_TOOL(CFLOW_CMD, cflow)
AC_PATH_TOOL(CSCOPE_CMD, cscope)
AC_PATH_TOOL(CHMOD, chmod)
AC_PATH_TOOL(WC, wc)
AC_PATH_TOOL(SORT, sort)
################################################################################
dnl -- Check for header files.

14
doc/license.txt Normal file
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@ -0,0 +1,14 @@
/*
* Copyright (C) 2001-2004 Sistina Software, Inc. All rights reserved.
* Copyright (C) 2004-2017 Red Hat, Inc. All rights reserved.
*
* This file is part of LVM2.
*
* This copyrighted material is made available to anyone wishing to use,
* modify, copy, or redistribute it subject to the terms and conditions
* of the GNU Lesser General Public License v.2.1.
*
* You should have received a copy of the GNU Lesser General Public License
* along with this program; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
* Inc., 51 Franklin Street, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA
*/

39
man/Makefile.in
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@ -31,18 +31,20 @@ LVMRAIDMAN = lvmraid.7
MAN5=lvm.conf.5
MAN7=lvmsystemid.7 lvmreport.7
MAN8=lvm-config.8 lvm-dumpconfig.8 lvm-fullreport.8 lvm-lvpoll.8 \
lvchange.8 lvmconfig.8 lvconvert.8 lvcreate.8 lvdisplay.8 lvextend.8 \
lvm.8 lvmchange.8 lvmconf.8 lvmdiskscan.8 lvmdump.8 lvmsadc.8 lvmsar.8 \
MAN8=lvm.8 lvmconf.8 lvmdump.8
MAN8DM=dmsetup.8 dmstats.8
MAN8CLUSTER=
MAN8SYSTEMD_GENERATORS=lvm2-activation-generator.8
MAN8GEN=lvm-config.8 lvm-dumpconfig.8 lvm-fullreport.8 lvm-lvpoll.8 \
lvcreate.8 lvchange.8 lvmconfig.8 lvconvert.8 lvdisplay.8 lvextend.8 \
lvreduce.8 lvremove.8 lvrename.8 lvresize.8 lvs.8 \
lvscan.8 pvchange.8 pvck.8 pvcreate.8 pvdisplay.8 pvmove.8 pvremove.8 \
pvresize.8 pvs.8 pvscan.8 vgcfgbackup.8 vgcfgrestore.8 vgchange.8 \
vgck.8 vgcreate.8 vgconvert.8 vgdisplay.8 vgexport.8 vgextend.8 \
vgimport.8 vgimportclone.8 vgmerge.8 vgmknodes.8 vgreduce.8 vgremove.8 \
vgrename.8 vgs.8 vgscan.8 vgsplit.8
MAN8DM=dmsetup.8 dmstats.8
MAN8CLUSTER=
MAN8SYSTEMD_GENERATORS=lvm2-activation-generator.8
vgrename.8 vgs.8 vgscan.8 vgsplit.8 \
lvmsar.8 lvmsadc.8 lvmdiskscan.8 lvmchange.8
ifeq ($(MAKECMDGOALS),all_man)
MAN_ALL="yes"
@ -113,8 +115,8 @@ MAN8DIR=$(mandir)/man8
include $(top_builddir)/make.tmpl
CLEAN_TARGETS+=$(MAN5) $(MAN7) $(MAN8) $(MAN8CLUSTER) \
$(MAN8SYSTEMD_GENERATORS) $(MAN8DM)
CLEAN_TARGETS+=$(MAN5) $(MAN7) $(MAN8) $(MAN8GEN) $(MAN8CLUSTER) \
$(MAN8SYSTEMD_GENERATORS) $(MAN8DM) *.gen man-generator
DISTCLEAN_TARGETS+=$(FSADMMAN) $(BLKDEACTIVATEMAN) $(DMEVENTDMAN) \
$(LVMETADMAN) $(LVMPOLLDMAN) $(LVMLOCKDMAN) $(CLVMDMAN) $(CMIRRORDMAN) \
$(LVMCACHEMAN) $(LVMTHINMAN) $(LVMDBUSDMAN) $(LVMRAIDMAN)
@ -125,11 +127,11 @@ all: man device-mapper
device-mapper: $(MAN8DM)
man: $(MAN5) $(MAN7) $(MAN8) $(MAN8CLUSTER) $(MAN8SYSTEMD_GENERATORS)
man: $(MAN5) $(MAN7) $(MAN8) $(MAN8GEN) $(MAN8CLUSTER) $(MAN8SYSTEMD_GENERATORS)
all_man: man
$(MAN5) $(MAN7) $(MAN8) $(MAN8DM) $(MAN8CLUSTER): Makefile
$(MAN5) $(MAN7) $(MAN8) $(MAN8GEN) $(MAN8DM) $(MAN8CLUSTER): Makefile
Makefile: Makefile.in
@:
@ -140,6 +142,18 @@ Makefile: Makefile.in
*) echo "Creating $@" ; $(SED) -e "s+#VERSION#+$(LVM_VERSION)+;s+#DEFAULT_SYS_DIR#+$(DEFAULT_SYS_DIR)+;s+#DEFAULT_ARCHIVE_DIR#+$(DEFAULT_ARCHIVE_DIR)+;s+#DEFAULT_BACKUP_DIR#+$(DEFAULT_BACKUP_DIR)+;s+#DEFAULT_PROFILE_DIR#+$(DEFAULT_PROFILE_DIR)+;s+#DEFAULT_CACHE_DIR#+$(DEFAULT_CACHE_DIR)+;s+#DEFAULT_LOCK_DIR#+$(DEFAULT_LOCK_DIR)+;s+#CLVMD_PATH#+@CLVMD_PATH@+;s+#LVM_PATH#+@LVM_PATH@+;s+#DEFAULT_RUN_DIR#+@DEFAULT_RUN_DIR@+;s+#DEFAULT_PID_DIR#+@DEFAULT_PID_DIR@+;s+#SYSTEMD_GENERATOR_DIR#+$(SYSTEMD_GENERATOR_DIR)+;s+#DEFAULT_MANGLING#+$(DEFAULT_MANGLING)+;" $< > $@ ;; \
esac
man-generator:
$(CC) -DMAN_PAGE_GENERATOR -I$(top_builddir)/tools $(CFLAGS) $(top_srcdir)/tools/command.c -o $@
- ./man-generator lvmconfig > test.gen
if [ ! -s test.gen ] ; then cp genfiles/*.gen $(top_builddir)/man; fi;
$(MAN8GEN): man-generator
echo "Generating $@" ;
if [ ! -e $@.gen ]; then ./man-generator $(basename $@) $(top_srcdir)/man/$@.des > $@.gen; fi
if [ -f $(top_srcdir)/man/$@.end ]; then cat $(top_srcdir)/man/$@.end >> $@.gen; fi;
cat $(top_srcdir)/man/see_also.end >> $@.gen
$(SED) -e "s+#VERSION#+$(LVM_VERSION)+;s+#DEFAULT_SYS_DIR#+$(DEFAULT_SYS_DIR)+;s+#DEFAULT_ARCHIVE_DIR#+$(DEFAULT_ARCHIVE_DIR)+;s+#DEFAULT_BACKUP_DIR#+$(DEFAULT_BACKUP_DIR)+;s+#DEFAULT_PROFILE_DIR#+$(DEFAULT_PROFILE_DIR)+;s+#DEFAULT_CACHE_DIR#+$(DEFAULT_CACHE_DIR)+;s+#DEFAULT_LOCK_DIR#+$(DEFAULT_LOCK_DIR)+;s+#CLVMD_PATH#+@CLVMD_PATH@+;s+#LVM_PATH#+@LVM_PATH@+;s+#DEFAULT_RUN_DIR#+@DEFAULT_RUN_DIR@+;s+#DEFAULT_PID_DIR#+@DEFAULT_PID_DIR@+;s+#SYSTEMD_GENERATOR_DIR#+$(SYSTEMD_GENERATOR_DIR)+;s+#DEFAULT_MANGLING#+$(DEFAULT_MANGLING)+;" $@.gen > $@
install_man5: $(MAN5)
$(INSTALL) -d $(MAN5DIR)
$(INSTALL_DATA) $(MAN5) $(MAN5DIR)/
@ -148,9 +162,10 @@ install_man7: $(MAN7)
$(INSTALL) -d $(MAN7DIR)
$(INSTALL_DATA) $(MAN7) $(MAN7DIR)/
install_man8: $(MAN8)
install_man8: $(MAN8) $(MAN8GEN)
$(INSTALL) -d $(MAN8DIR)
$(INSTALL_DATA) $(MAN8) $(MAN8DIR)/
$(INSTALL_DATA) $(MAN8GEN) $(MAN8DIR)/
install_lvm2: install_man5 install_man7 install_man8

26
man/clvmd.8.in
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@ -154,6 +154,32 @@ This timeout will be ignored if you start \fBclvmd\fP with the \fB\-d\fP.
.br
Display the version of the cluster LVM daemon.
.
.SH NOTES
.
.SS Activation
.
In a clustered VG, clvmd is used for activation, and the following values are
possible with \fBlvchange/vgchange -a\fP:
.IP \fBy\fP|\fBsy\fP
clvmd activates the LV in shared mode (with a shared lock),
allowing multiple nodes to activate the LV concurrently.
If the LV type prohibits shared access, such as an LV with a snapshot,
an exclusive lock is automatically used instead.
clvmd attempts to activate the LV concurrently on all nodes.
.IP \fBey\fP
clvmd activates the LV in exclusive mode (with an exclusive lock),
allowing a single node to activate the LV.
clvmd attempts to activate the LV concurrently on all nodes, but only
one will succeed.
.IP \fBly\fP
clvmd attempts to activate the LV only on the local node.
If the LV type allows concurrent access, then shared mode is used,
otherwise exclusive.
.IP \fBn\fP
clvmd deactivates the LV on all nodes.
.IP \fBln\fP
clvmd deactivates the LV on the local node.
.
.SH ENVIRONMENT VARIABLES
.TP
.B LVM_CLVMD_BINARY

2
man/lvchange.8.des Normal file
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@ -0,0 +1,2 @@
lvchange changes LV attributes in the VG, changes LV activation in the
kernel, and includes other utilities for LV maintenance.

6
man/lvchange.8.end Normal file
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@ -0,0 +1,6 @@
.SH EXAMPLES
Change LV permission to read-only:
.sp
.B lvchange \-pr vg00/lvol1

491
man/lvchange.8.in
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@ -1,491 +0,0 @@
.TH LVCHANGE 8 "LVM TOOLS #VERSION#" "Sistina Software UK" \" -*- nroff -*-
.de UNITS
..
.
.SH NAME
.
lvchange \(em change attributes of a logical volume
.
.SH SYNOPSIS
.
.ad l
.B lvchange
.RB [ \-a | \-\-activate
.RB [ a ][ e | s | l ]{ y | n }]
.RB [ \-\-activationmode
.RB { complete | degraded | partial }]
.RB [ \-\-addtag
.IR Tag ]
.RB [ \-K | \-\-ignoreactivationskip ]
.RB [ \-k | \-\-setactivationskip
.RB { y | n }]
.RB [ \-\-alloc
.IR AllocationPolicy ]
.RB [ \-A | \-\-autobackup
.RB { y | n }]
.RB [ \-\-rebuild
.IR PhysicalVolume ]
.RB [ \-\-cachemode
.RB { passthrough | writeback | writethrough }]
.RB [ \-\-cachepolicy
.IR Policy ]
.RB [ \-\-cachesettings
.IR Key \fB= Value ]
.RB [ \-\-commandprofile
.IR ProfileName ]
.RB [ \-C | \-\-contiguous
.RB { y | n }]
.RB [ \-d | \-\-debug ]
.RB [ \-\-deltag
.IR Tag ]
.RB [ \-\-detachprofile ]
.RB [ \-\-discards
.RB { ignore | nopassdown | passdown }]
.RB [ \-\-errorwhenfull
.RB { y | n }]
.RB [ \-h | \-? | \-\-help ]
.RB \%[ \-\-ignorelockingfailure ]
.RB \%[ \-\-ignoremonitoring ]
.RB \%[ \-\-ignoreskippedcluster ]
.RB \%[ \-\-metadataprofile
.IR ProfileName ]
.RB [ \-\-monitor
.RB { y | n }]
.RB [ \-\-noudevsync ]
.RB [ \-P | \-\-partial ]
.RB [ \-p | \-\-permission
.RB { r | rw }]
.RB [ \-M | \-\-persistent
.RB { y | n }
.RB [ \-\-major
.IR Major ]
.RB [ \-\-minor
.IR Minor ]]
.RB [ \-\-poll
.RB { y | n }]
.RB [ \-\- [ raid ] maxrecoveryrate
.IR Rate ]
.RB [ \-\- [ raid ] minrecoveryrate
.IR Rate ]
.RB [ \-\- [ raid ] syncaction
.RB { check | repair }]
.RB [ \-\- [ raid ] writebehind
.IR IOCount ]
.RB [ \-\- [ raid ] writemostly
.BR \fIPhysicalVolume [ : { y | n | t }]]
.RB [ \-r | \-\-readahead
.RB { \fIReadAheadSectors | auto | none }]
.RB [ \-\-refresh ]
.RB [ \-\-reportformat
.RB { basic | json }]
.RB [ \-\-resync ]
.RB [ \-S | \-\-select
.IR Selection ]
.RB [ \-\-sysinit ]
.RB [ \-t | \-\-test ]
.RB [ \-v | \-\-verbose ]
.RB [ \-Z | \-\-zero
.RB { y | n }]
.RI [ LogicalVolumePath ...]
.ad b
.
.SH DESCRIPTION
.
lvchange allows you to change the attributes of a logical volume
including making them known to the kernel ready for use.
.
.SH OPTIONS
.
See \fBlvm\fP(8) for common options.
.
.HP
.BR \-a | \-\-activate
.RB [ a ][ e | s | l ]{ y | n }
.br
Controls the availability of the logical volumes for use.
Communicates with the kernel device-mapper driver via
libdevmapper to activate (\fB\-ay\fP) or deactivate (\fB\-an\fP) the
logical volumes.
.br
Activation of a logical volume creates a symbolic link
\fI/dev/VolumeGroupName/LogicalVolumeName\fP pointing to the device node.
This link is removed on deactivation.
All software and scripts should access the device through
this symbolic link and present this as the name of the device.
The location and name of the underlying device node may depend on
the distribution and configuration (e.g. udev) and might change
from release to release.
.br
If autoactivation option is used (\fB\-aay\fP),
the logical volume is activated only if it matches an item in
the \fBactivation/auto_activation_volume_list\fP
set in \fBlvm.conf\fP(5).
If this list is not set, then all volumes are considered for
activation. The \fB\-aay\fP option should be also used during system
boot so it's possible to select which volumes to activate using
the \fBactivation/auto_activation_volume_list\fP setting.
.br
In a clustered VG, clvmd is used for activation, and the
following options are possible:
With \fB\-aey\fP, clvmd activates the LV in exclusive mode
(with an exclusive lock), allowing a single node to activate the LV.
With \fB\-asy\fP, clvmd activates the LV in shared mode
(with a shared lock), allowing multiple nodes to activate the LV concurrently.
If the LV type prohibits shared access, such as an LV with a snapshot,
the '\fBs\fP' option is ignored and an exclusive lock is used.
With \fB\-ay\fP (no mode specified), clvmd activates the LV in shared mode
if the LV type allows concurrent access, such as a linear LV.
Otherwise, clvmd activates the LV in exclusive mode.
With \fB\-aey\fP, \fB\-asy\fP, and \fB\-ay\fP, clvmd attempts to activate the LV
on all nodes. If exclusive mode is used, then only one of the
nodes will be successful.
With \fB\-an\fP, clvmd attempts to deactivate the LV on all nodes.
With \fB\-aly\fP, clvmd activates the LV only on the local node, and \fB\-aln\fP
deactivates only on the local node. If the LV type allows concurrent
access, then shared mode is used, otherwise exclusive.
LVs with snapshots are always activated exclusively because they can only
be used on one node at once.
For local VGs \fB\-ay\fP, \fB\-aey\fP, and \fB\-asy\fP are all equivalent.
.
.HP
.BR \-\-activationmode
.RB { complete | degraded | partial }
.br
The activation mode determines whether logical volumes are allowed to
activate when there are physical volumes missing (e.g. due to a device
failure). \fBcomplete\fP is the most restrictive; allowing only those
logical volumes to be activated that are not affected by the missing
PVs. \fBdegraded\fP allows RAID logical volumes to be activated even if
they have PVs missing. (Note that the "\fImirror\fP" segment type is not
considered a RAID logical volume. The "\fIraid1\fP" segment type should
be used instead.) Finally, \fBpartial\fP allows any logical volume to
be activated even if portions are missing due to a missing or failed
PV. This last option should only be used when performing recovery or
repair operations. \fBdegraded\fP is the default mode. To change it,
modify \fBactivation_mode\fP in \fBlvm.conf\fP(5).
.
.HP
.BR \-K | \-\-ignoreactivationskip
.br
Ignore the flag to skip Logical Volumes during activation.
.
.HP
.BR \-k | \-\-setactivationskip
.RB { y | n }
.br
Controls whether Logical Volumes are persistently flagged to be
skipped during activation. By default, thin snapshot volumes are
flagged for activation skip. To activate such volumes,
an extra \fB\-\-ignoreactivationskip\fP option must be used.
The flag is not applied during deactivation. To see whether
the flag is attached, use \fBlvs\fP(8) command where the state
of the flag is reported within \fBlv_attr\fP bits.
.
.HP
.BR \-\-cachemode
.RB { passthrough | writeback | writethrough }
.br
Specifying a cache mode determines when the writes to a cache LV
are considered complete. When \fBwriteback\fP is specified, a write is
considered complete as soon as it is stored in the cache pool LV.
If \fBwritethough\fP is specified, a write is considered complete only
when it has been stored in the cache pool LV and on the origin LV.
While \fBwritethrough\fP may be slower for writes, it is more
resilient if something should happen to a device associated with the
cache pool LV. With \fBpassthrough\fP mode, all reads are served
from origin LV (all reads miss the cache) and all writes are
forwarded to the origin LV; additionally, write hits cause cache
block invalidates. See \fBlvmcache(7)\fP for more details.
.
.HP
.BR \-\-cachepolicy
.IR Policy ,
.BR \-\-cachesettings
.IR Key \fB= Value
.br
Only applicable to cached LVs; see also \fBlvmcache(7)\fP. Sets
the cache policy and its associated tunable settings. In most use-cases,
default values should be adequate.
.
.HP
.BR \-C | \-\-contiguous
.RB { y | n }
.br
Tries to set or reset the contiguous allocation policy for
logical volumes. It's only possible to change a non-contiguous
logical volume's allocation policy to contiguous, if all of the
allocated physical extents are already contiguous.
.
.HP
.BR \-\-detachprofile
.br
Detach any metadata configuration profiles attached to given
Logical Volumes. See \fBlvm.conf\fP(5) for more information
about metadata profiles.
.
.HP
.BR \-\-discards
.RB { ignore | nopassdown | passdown }
.br
Set this to \fBignore\fP to ignore any discards received by a
thin pool Logical Volume. Set to \fBnopassdown\fP to process such
discards within the thin pool itself and allow the no-longer-needed
extents to be overwritten by new data. Set to \fBpassdown\fP (the
default) to process them both within the thin pool itself and to
pass them down the underlying device.
.
.HP
.BR \-\-errorwhenfull
.RB { y | n }
.br
Sets thin pool behavior when data space is exhaused. See
.BR lvcreate (8)
for information.
.
.HP
.BR \-\-ignoremonitoring
.br
Make no attempt to interact with dmeventd unless \fB\-\-monitor\fP
is specified.
Do not use this if dmeventd is already monitoring a device.
.
.HP
.BR \-\-major
.IR Major
.br
Sets the major number. This option is supported only on older systems
(kernel version 2.4) and is ignored on modern Linux systems where major
numbers are dynamically assigned.
.
.HP
.BR \-\-minor
.IR Minor
.br
Set the minor number.
.
.HP
.BR \-\-metadataprofile
.IR ProfileName
.br
Uses and attaches \fIProfileName\fP configuration profile to the logical
volume metadata. Whenever the logical volume is processed next time,
the profile is automatically applied. If the volume group has another
profile attached, the logical volume profile is preferred.
See \fBlvm.conf\fP(5) for more information about metadata profiles.
.
.HP
.BR \-\-monitor
.RB { y | n }
.br
Start or stop monitoring a mirrored or snapshot logical volume with
dmeventd, if it is installed.
If a device used by a monitored mirror reports an I/O error,
the failure is handled according to
\%\fBmirror_image_fault_policy\fP and \fBmirror_log_fault_policy\fP
set in \fBlvm.conf\fP(5).
.
.HP
.BR \-\-noudevsync
.br
Disable udev synchronisation. The
process will not wait for notification from udev.
It will continue irrespective of any possible udev processing
in the background. You should only use this if udev is not running
or has rules that ignore the devices LVM2 creates.
.
.HP
.BR \-p | \-\-permission
.RB { r | rw }
.br
Change access permission to read-only or read/write.
.
.HP
.BR \-M | \-\-persistent
.RB { y | n }
.br
Set to \fBy\fP to make the minor number specified persistent.
Change of persistent numbers is not supported for pool volumes.
.
.HP
.BR \-\-poll
.RB { y | n }
.br
Without polling a logical volume's backgrounded transformation process
will never complete. If there is an incomplete pvmove or lvconvert (for
example, on rebooting after a crash), use \fB\-\-poll y\fP to restart the
process from its last checkpoint. However, it may not be appropriate to
immediately poll a logical volume when it is activated, use
\fB\-\-poll n\fP to defer and then \fB\-\-poll y\fP to restart the process.
.
.HP
.BR \-\- [ raid ] rebuild
.BR \fIPhysicalVolume
.br
Option can be repeated multiple times.
Selects PhysicalVolume(s) to be rebuild in a RaidLV.
Use this option instead of
.BR \-\-resync
or
.BR \-\- [ raid ] syncaction
\fBrepair\fP in case the PVs with corrupted data are known and their data
should be reconstructed rather than reconstructing default (rotating) data.
.br
E.g. in a raid1 mirror, the master leg on /dev/sda may hold corrupt data due
to a known transient disk error, thus
.br
\fBlvchange --rebuild /dev/sda LV\fP
.br
will request the master leg to be rebuild rather than rebuilding
all other legs from the master.
On a raid5 with rotating data and parity
.br
\fBlvchange --rebuild /dev/sda LV\fP
.br
will rebuild all data and parity blocks in the stripe on /dev/sda.
.HP
.BR \-\- [ raid ] maxrecoveryrate
.BR \fIRate [ b | B | s | S | k | K | m | M | g | G ]
.br
Sets the maximum recovery rate for a RAID logical volume. \fIRate\fP
is specified as an amount per second for each device in the array.
If no suffix is given, then KiB/sec/device is assumed. Setting the
recovery rate to \fB0\fP means it will be unbounded.
.
.HP
.BR \-\- [ raid ] minrecoveryrate
.BR \fIRate [ b | B | s | S | k | K | m | M | g | G ]
.br
Sets the minimum recovery rate for a RAID logical volume. \fIRate\fP
is specified as an amount per second for each device in the array.
If no suffix is given, then KiB/sec/device is assumed. Setting the
recovery rate to \fB0\fP means it will be unbounded.
.
.HP
.BR \-\- [ raid ] syncaction
.RB { check | repair }
.br
This argument is used to initiate various RAID synchronization operations.
The \fBcheck\fP and \fBrepair\fP options provide a way to check the
integrity of a RAID logical volume (often referred to as "scrubbing").
These options cause the RAID logical volume to
read all of the data and parity blocks in the array and check for any
discrepancies (e.g. mismatches between mirrors or incorrect parity values).
If \fBcheck\fP is used, the discrepancies will be counted but not repaired.
If \fBrepair\fP is used, the discrepancies will be corrected as they are
encountered. The \fBlvs\fP(8) command can be used to show the number of
discrepancies found or repaired.
.
.HP
.BR \-\- [ raid ] writebehind
.IR IOCount
.br
Specify the maximum number of outstanding writes that are allowed to
devices in a RAID1 logical volume that are marked as write-mostly.
Once this value is exceeded, writes become synchronous (i.e. all writes
to the constituent devices must complete before the array signals the
write has completed). Setting the value to zero clears the preference
and allows the system to choose the value arbitrarily.
.
.HP
.BR \-\- [ raid ] writemostly
.BR \fIPhysicalVolume [ : { y | n | t }]
.br
Mark a device in a RAID1 logical volume as write-mostly. All reads
to these drives will be avoided unless absolutely necessary. This keeps
the number of I/Os to the drive to a minimum. The default behavior is to
set the write-mostly attribute for the specified physical volume in the
logical volume. It is possible to also remove the write-mostly flag by
appending a "\fB:n\fP" to the physical volume or to toggle the value by specifying
"\fB:t\fP". The \fB\-\-writemostly\fP argument can be specified more than one time
in a single command; making it possible to toggle the write-mostly attributes
for all the physical volumes in a logical volume at once.
.
.HP
.BR \-r | \-\-readahead
.RB { \fIReadAheadSectors | auto | none }
.br
Set read ahead sector count of this logical volume.
For volume groups with metadata in lvm1 format, this must
be a value between 2 and 120 sectors.
The default value is "\fBauto\fP" which allows the kernel to choose
a suitable value automatically.
"\fBnone\fP" is equivalent to specifying zero.
.
.HP
.BR \-\-refresh
.br
If the logical volume is active, reload its metadata.
This is not necessary in normal operation, but may be useful
if something has gone wrong or if you're doing clustering
manually without a clustered lock manager.
.
.HP
.BR \-\-resync
.br
Forces the complete resynchronization of a mirror. In normal
circumstances you should not need this option because synchronization
happens automatically. Data is read from the primary mirror device
and copied to the others, so this can take a considerable amount of
time - and during this time you are without a complete redundant copy
of your data.
.
.HP
.BR \-\-sysinit
.br
Indicates that \fBlvchange\fP(8) is being invoked from early system
initialisation scripts (e.g. rc.sysinit or an initrd),
before writeable filesystems are available. As such,
some functionality needs to be disabled and this option
acts as a shortcut which selects an appropriate set of options. Currently
this is equivalent to using \fB\-\-ignorelockingfailure\fP,
\fB\-\-ignoremonitoring\fP, \fB\-\-poll n\fP and setting
\fBLVM_SUPPRESS_LOCKING_FAILURE_MESSAGES\fP
environment variable.
If \fB\-\-sysinit\fP is used in conjunction with
\fBlvmetad\fP(8) enabled and running,
autoactivation is preferred over manual activation via direct lvchange call.
Logical volumes are autoactivated according to
\fBauto_activation_volume_list\fP set in \fBlvm.conf\fP(5).
.
.HP
.BR \-Z | \-\-zero
.RB { y | n }
.br
Set zeroing mode for thin pool. Note: already provisioned blocks from pool
in non-zero mode are not cleared in unwritten parts when setting zero to
\fBy\fP.
.
.SH ENVIRONMENT VARIABLES
.
.TP
.B LVM_SUPPRESS_LOCKING_FAILURE_MESSAGES
Suppress locking failure messages.
.
.SH Examples
.
Changes the permission on volume lvol1 in volume group vg00 to be read-only:
.sp
.B lvchange \-pr vg00/lvol1
.
.SH SEE ALSO
.
.nh
.BR lvm (8),
.BR lvmetad (8),
.BR lvs (8),
.BR lvcreate (8),
.BR vgchange (8),
.BR lvmcache (7),
.BR lvmthin (7),
.BR lvm.conf (5)

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lvconvert changes the LV type and includes utilities for LV data
maintenance. The LV type controls data layout and redundancy.
The LV type is also called the segment type or segtype.
To display the current LV type, run the command:
.B lvs \-o name,segtype
.I LV
The
.B linear
type is equivalent to the
.B striped
type when one stripe exists.
In that case, the types can sometimes be used interchangably.
In most cases, the
.B mirror
type is deprecated and the
.B raid1
type should be used. They are both implementations of mirroring.
In some cases, an LV is a single device mapper (dm) layer above physical
devices. In other cases, hidden LVs (dm devices) are layered between the
visible LV and physical devices. LVs in the middle layers are called sub LVs.
A command run on a visible LV sometimes operates on a sub LV rather than
the specified LV. In other cases, a sub LV must be specified directly on
the command line.
Sub LVs can be displayed with the command
.B lvs -a

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.SH EXAMPLES
Convert a linear LV to a two-way mirror LV.
.br
.B lvconvert \-\-type mirror \-\-mirrors 1 vg/lvol1
Convert a linear LV to a two-way RAID1 LV.
.br
.B lvconvert \-\-type raid1 \-\-mirrors 1 vg/lvol1
Convert a mirror LV to use an in\-memory log.
.br
.B lvconvert \-\-mirrorlog core vg/lvol1
Convert a mirror LV to use a disk log.
.br
.B lvconvert \-\-mirrorlog disk vg/lvol1
Convert a mirror or raid1 LV to a linear LV.
.br
.B lvconvert --type linear vg/lvol1
Convert a mirror LV to a raid1 LV with the same number of images.
.br
.B lvconvert \-\-type raid1 vg/lvol1
Convert a linear LV to a two-way mirror LV, allocating new extents from specific
PV ranges.
.br
.B lvconvert \-\-mirrors 1 vg/lvol1 /dev/sda:0\-15 /dev/sdb:0\-15
Convert a mirror LV to a linear LV, freeing physical extents from a specific PV.
.br
.B lvconvert \-\-type linear vg/lvol1 /dev/sda
Split one image from a mirror or raid1 LV, making it a new LV.
.br
.B lvconvert \-\-splitmirrors 1 \-\-name lv_split vg/lvol1
Split one image from a raid1 LV, and track changes made to the raid1 LV
while the split image remains detached.
.br
.B lvconvert \-\-splitmirrors 1 \-\-trackchanges vg/lvol1
Merge an image (that was previously created with \-\-splitmirrors and
\-\-trackchanges) back into the original raid1 LV.
.br
.B lvconvert \-\-mergemirrors vg/lvol1_rimage_1
Replace PV /dev/sdb1 with PV /dev/sdf1 in a raid1/4/5/6/10 LV.
.br
.B lvconvert \-\-replace /dev/sdb1 vg/lvol1 /dev/sdf1
Replace 3 PVs /dev/sd[b-d]1 with PVs /dev/sd[f-h]1 in a raid1 LV.
.br
.B lvconvert \-\-replace /dev/sdb1 \-\-replace /dev/sdc1 \-\-replace /dev/sdd1
.RS
.B vg/lvol1 /dev/sd[fgh]1
.RE
Replace the maximum of 2 PVs /dev/sd[bc]1 with PVs /dev/sd[gh]1 in a raid6 LV.
.br
.B lvconvert \-\-replace /dev/sdb1 \-\-replace /dev/sdc1 vg/lvol1 /dev/sd[gh]1
Convert an LV into a thin LV in the specified thin pool. The existing LV
is used as an external read\-only origin for the new thin LV.
.br
.B lvconvert \-\-type thin \-\-thinpool vg/tpool1 vg/lvol1
Convert an LV into a thin LV in the specified thin pool. The existing LV
is used as an external read\-only origin for the new thin LV, and is
renamed "external".
.br
.B lvconvert \-\-type thin \-\-thinpool vg/tpool1
.RS
.B \-\-originname external vg/lvol1
.RE
Convert an LV to a cache pool LV using another specified LV for cache pool
metadata.
.br
.B lvconvert \-\-type cache-pool \-\-poolmetadata vg/poolmeta1 vg/lvol1
Convert an LV to a cache LV using the specified cache pool and chunk size.
.br
.B lvconvert \-\-type cache \-\-cachepool vg/cpool1 \-c 128 vg/lvol1
Detach and keep the cache pool from a cache LV.
.br
.B lvconvert \-\-splitcache vg/lvol1
Detach and remove the cache pool from a cache LV.
.br
.B lvconvert \-\-uncache vg/lvol1

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lvcreate creates a new LV in a VG. For standard LVs, this requires
allocating logical extents from the VG's free physical extents. If there
is not enough free space, then the VG can be extended (see
\fBvgextend\fP(8)) with other PVs, or existing LVs can be reduced or
removed (see \fBlvremove\fP, \fBlvreduce\fP.)
To control which PVs a new LV will use, specify one or more PVs as
position args at the end of the command line. lvcreate will allocate
physical extents only from the specified PVs.
lvcreate can also create snapshots of existing LVs, e.g. for backup
purposes. The data in a new snapshot LV represents the content of the
original LV from the time the snapshot was created.
RAID LVs can be created by specifying an LV type when creating the LV (see
\fBlvmraid\fP(7)). Different RAID levels require different numbers of
unique PVs be available in the VG for allocation.
Thin pools (for thin provisioning) and cache pools (for caching) are
represented by special LVs with types thin-pool and cache-pool (see
\fBlvmthin\fP(7) and \fBlvmcache\fP(7)). The pool LVs are not usable as
standard block devices, but the LV names act references to the pools.
Thin LVs are thinly provisioned from a thin pool, and are created with a
virtual size rather than a physical size. A cache LV is the combination of
a standard LV with a cache pool, used to cache active portions of the LV
to improve performance.

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.SH EXAMPLES
Create a striped LV with 3 stripes, a stripe size of 8KiB and a size of 100MiB.
The LV name is chosen by lvcreate.
.br
.B lvcreate \-i 3 \-I 8 \-L 100m vg00
Create a raid1 LV with two images, and a useable size of 500 MiB. This
operation requires two devices, one for each mirror image. RAID metadata
(superblock and bitmap) is also included on the two devices.
.br
.B lvcreate \-\-type raid1 \-m1 \-L 500m \-n mylv vg00
Create a mirror LV with two images, and a useable size of 500 MiB.
This operation requires three devices: two for mirror images and
one for a disk log.
.br
.B lvcreate \-\-type mirror \-m1 \-L 500m \-n mylv vg00
Create a mirror LV with 2 images, and a useable size of 500 MiB.
This operation requires 2 devices because the log is in memory.
.br
.B lvcreate \-\-type mirror \-m1 \-\-mirrorlog core \-L 500m \-n mylv vg00
Create a copy\-on\-write snapshot of an LV:
.br
.B lvcreate \-\-snapshot \-\-size 100m \-\-name mysnap vg00/mylv
Create a copy\-on\-write snapshot with a size sufficient
for overwriting 20% of the size of the original LV.
.br
.B lvcreate \-s \-l 20%ORIGIN \-n mysnap vg00/mylv
Create a sparse LV with 1TiB of virtual space, and actual space just under
100MiB.
.br
.B lvcreate \-\-snapshot \-\-virtualsize 1t \-\-size 100m \-\-name mylv vg00
Create a linear LV with a usable size of 64MiB on specific physical extents.
.br
.B lvcreate \-L 64m \-n mylv vg00 /dev/sda:0\-7 /dev/sdb:0\-7
Create a RAID5 LV with a usable size of 5GiB, 3 stripes, a stripe size of
64KiB, using a total of 4 devices (including one for parity).
.br
.B lvcreate \-\-type raid5 \-L 5G \-i 3 \-I 64 \-n mylv vg00
Create a RAID5 LV using all of the free space in the VG and spanning all the
PVs in the VG (note that the command will fail if there are more than 8 PVs in
the VG, in which case \fB\-i 7\fP must be used to get to the current maximum of
8 devices including parity for RaidLVs).
.br
.B lvcreate \-\-config allocation/raid_stripe_all_devices=1
.RS
.B \-\-type raid5 \-l 100%FREE \-n mylv vg00
.RE
Create RAID10 LV with a usable size of 5GiB, using 2 stripes, each on
a two-image mirror. (Note that the \fB-i\fP and \fB-m\fP arguments behave
differently:
\fB-i\fP specifies the total number of stripes,
but \fB-m\fP specifies the number of images in addition
to the first image).
.br
.B lvcreate \-\-type raid10 \-L 5G \-i 2 \-m 1 \-n mylv vg00
Create a 1TiB thin LV, first creating a new thin pool for it, where
the thin pool has 100MiB of space, uses 2 stripes, has a 64KiB stripe
size, and 256KiB chunk size.
.br
.B lvcreate \-\-type thin \-\-name mylv \-\-thinpool mypool
.RS
.B \-V 1t \-L 100m \-i 2 \-I 64 \-c 256 vg00
.RE
Create a thin snapshot of a thin LV (the size option must not be
used, otherwise a copy-on-write snapshot would be created).
.br
.B lvcreate \-\-snapshot \-\-name mysnap vg00/thinvol
Create a thin snapshot of the read-only inactive LV named "origin"
which becomes an external origin for the thin snapshot LV.
.br
.B lvcreate \-\-snapshot \-\-name mysnap \-\-thinpool mypool vg00/origin
Create a cache pool from a fast physical device. The cache pool can
then be used to cache an LV.
.br
.B lvcreate \-\-type cache-pool \-L 1G \-n my_cpool vg00 /dev/fast1
Create a cache LV, first creating a new origin LV on a slow physical device,
then combining the new origin LV with an existing cache pool.
.br
.B lvcreate \-\-type cache \-\-cachepool my_cpool
.RS
.B \-L 100G \-n mylv vg00 /dev/slow1
.RE

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.TH LVCREATE 8 "LVM TOOLS #VERSION#" "Sistina Software UK" \" -*- nroff -*-
.
.\" Use 1st. parameter with \% to fix 'man2html' rendeing on same line!
.de SIZE_G
. IR \\$1 \c
. RB [ b | B | s | S | k | K | m | M | g | G ]
..
.de SIZE_E
. IR \\$1 \c
. RB [ b | B | s | S | k | K | m | M | \c
. BR g | G | t | T | p | P | e | E ]
..
.
.SH NAME
.
lvcreate \- create a logical volume in an existing volume group
.
.SH SYNOPSIS
.
.ad l
.B lvcreate
.RB [ \-a | \-\-activate
.RB [ a ][ e | l | s ]{ y | n }]
.RB [ \-\-addtag
.IR Tag ]
.RB [ \-\-alloc
.IR Allocation\%Policy ]
.RB [ \-A | \-\-autobackup
.RB { y | n }]
.RB [ \-H | \-\-cache ]
.RB [ \-\-cachemode
.RB { passthrough | writeback | writethrough }]
.RB [ \-\-cachepolicy
.IR Policy ]
.RB \%[ \-\-cachepool
.IR CachePoolLogicalVolume ]
.RB [ \-\-cachesettings
.IR Key \fB= Value ]
.RB [ \-c | \-\-chunksize
.IR ChunkSize ]
.RB [ \-\-commandprofile
.IR ProfileName ]
.RB \%[ \-C | \-\-contiguous
.RB { y | n }]
.RB [ \-d | \-\-debug ]
.RB [ \-\-discards
.RB \%{ ignore | nopassdown | passdown }]
.RB [ \-\-errorwhenfull
.RB { y | n }]
.RB [{ \-l | \-\-extents
.BR \fILogicalExtents\%Number [ % { FREE | PVS | VG }]
.RB |
.BR \-L | \-\-size
.BR \fILogicalVolumeSize }
.RB [ \-i | \-\-stripes
.IR Stripes
.RB [ \-I | \-\-stripesize
.IR StripeSize ]]]
.RB [ \-h | \-? | \-\-help ]
.RB [ \-K | \-\-ignoreactivationskip ]
.RB [ \-\-ignoremonitoring ]
.RB [ \-\-minor
.IR Minor
.RB [ \-j | \-\-major
.IR Major ]]
.RB [ \-\-metadataprofile
.IR Profile\%Name ]
.RB [ \-m | \-\-mirrors
.IR Mirrors
.RB [ \-\-corelog | \-\-mirrorlog
.RB { disk | core | mirrored }]
.RB [ \-\-nosync ]
.RB [ \-R | \-\-regionsize
.BR \fIMirrorLogRegionSize ]]
.RB [ \-\-monitor
.RB { y | n }]
.RB [ \-n | \-\-name
.IR Logical\%Volume ]
.RB [ \-\-noudevsync ]
.RB [ \-p | \-\-permission
.RB { r | rw }]
.RB [ \-M | \-\-persistent
.RB { y | n }]
.\" .RB [ \-\-pooldatasize
.\" .I DataVolumeSize
.RB \%[ \-\-poolmetadatasize
.IR MetadataVolumeSize ]
.RB [ \-\-poolmetadataspare
.RB { y | n }]
.RB [ \-\- [ raid ] maxrecoveryrate
.IR Rate ]
.RB [ \-\- [ raid ] minrecoveryrate
.IR Rate ]
.RB [ \-r | \-\-readahead
.RB { \fIReadAheadSectors | auto | none }]
.RB [ \-\-reportformat
.RB {basic | json}]
.RB \%[ \-k | \-\-setactivationskip
.RB { y | n }]
.RB [ \-s | \-\-snapshot ]
.RB [ \-V | \-\-virtualsize
.IR VirtualSize ]
.RB [ \-t | \-\-test ]
.RB [ \-T | \-\-thin ]
.RB [ \-\-thinpool
.IR ThinPoolLogicalVolume ]
.RB [ \-\-type
.IR SegmentType ]
.RB [ \-v | \-\-verbose ]
.RB [ \-W | \-\-wipesignatures
.RB { y | n }]
.RB [ \-Z | \-\-zero
.RB { y | n }]
.RI [ VolumeGroup
.RI |
.RI \%{ ExternalOrigin | Origin | Pool } LogicalVolume
.RI \%[ PhysicalVolumePath [ \fB: \fIPE \fR[ \fB\- PE ]]...]]
.LP
.B lvcreate
.RB [ \-l | \-\-extents
.BR \fILogicalExtentsNumber [ % { FREE | ORIGIN | PVS | VG }]
|
.BR \-L | \-\-size
.\" | \-\-pooldatasize
.IR LogicalVolumeSize ]
.RB [ \-c | \-\-chunksize
.IR ChunkSize ]
.RB \%[ \-\-commandprofile
.IR Profile\%Name ]
.RB [ \-\-noudevsync ]
.RB [ \-\-ignoremonitoring ]
.RB [ \-\-metadataprofile
.IR Profile\%Name ]
.RB \%[ \-\-monitor
.RB { y | n }]
.RB [ \-n | \-\-name
.IR SnapshotLogicalVolumeName ]
.RB [ \-\-reportformat
.RB {basic | json}]
.BR \-s | \-\-snapshot | \-H | \-\-cache
.RI \%{[ VolumeGroup \fB/\fP] OriginalLogicalVolume
.RB \%[ \-V | \-\-virtualsize
.IR VirtualSize ]}
.ad b
.
.SH DESCRIPTION
.
lvcreate creates a new logical volume in a volume group (see
.BR vgcreate "(8), " vgchange (8))
by allocating logical extents from the free physical extent pool
of that volume group. If there are not enough free physical extents then
the volume group can be extended (see
.BR vgextend (8))
with other physical volumes or by reducing existing logical volumes
of this volume group in size (see
.BR lvreduce (8)).
If you specify one or more PhysicalVolumes, allocation of physical
extents will be restricted to these volumes.
.br
.br
The second form supports the creation of snapshot logical volumes which
keep the contents of the original logical volume for backup purposes.
.
.SH OPTIONS
.
See
.BR lvm (8)
for common options.
.
.HP
.BR \-a | \-\-activate
.RB [ a ][ l | e | s ]{ y | n }
.br
Controls the availability of the Logical Volumes for immediate use after
the command finishes running.
By default, new Logical Volumes are activated (\fB\-ay\fP).
If it is possible technically, \fB\-an\fP will leave the new Logical
Volume inactive. But for example, snapshots of active origin can only be
created in the active state so \fB\-an\fP cannot be used with
\fB-\-type snapshot\fP. This does not apply to thin volume snapshots,
which are by default created with flag to skip their activation
(\fB-ky\fP).
Normally the \fB\-\-zero n\fP argument has to be supplied too because
zeroing (the default behaviour) also requires activation.
If autoactivation option is used (\fB\-aay\fP), the logical volume is
activated only if it matches an item in the
\fBactivation/auto_activation_volume_list\fP
set in \fBlvm.conf\fP(5).
For autoactivated logical volumes, \fB\-\-zero n\fP and
\fB\-\-wipesignatures n\fP is always assumed and it can't
be overridden. If the clustered locking is enabled,
\fB\-aey\fP will activate exclusively on one node and
.BR \-a { a | l } y
will activate only on the local node.
.
.HP
.BR \-H | \-\-cache
.br
Creates cache or cache pool logical volume.
.\" or both.
Specifying the optional argument \fB\-\-extents\fP or \fB\-\-size\fP
will cause the creation of the cache logical volume.
.\" Specifying the optional argument \fB\-\-pooldatasize\fP will cause
.\" the creation of the cache pool logical volume.
.\" Specifying both arguments will cause the creation of cache with its
.\" cache pool volume.
When the Volume group name is specified together with existing logical volume
name which is NOT a cache pool name, such volume is treated
as cache origin volume and cache pool is created. In this case the
\fB\-\-extents\fP or \fB\-\-size\fP is used to specify size of cache pool volume.
See \fBlvmcache\fP(7) for more info about caching support.
Note that the cache segment type requires a dm-cache kernel module version
1.3.0 or greater.
.
.HP
.BR \-\-cachemode
.RB { passthrough | writeback | writethrough }
.br
Specifying a cache mode determines when the writes to a cache LV
are considered complete. When \fBwriteback\fP is specified, a write is
considered complete as soon as it is stored in the cache pool LV.
If \fBwritethough\fP is specified, a write is considered complete only
when it has been stored in the cache pool LV and on the origin LV.
While \fBwritethrough\fP may be slower for writes, it is more
resilient if something should happen to a device associated with the
cache pool LV. With \fBpassthrough\fP mode, all reads are served
from origin LV (all reads miss the cache) and all writes are
forwarded to the origin LV; additionally, write hits cause cache
block invalidates. See \fBlvmcache(7)\fP for more details.
.
.HP
.BR \-\-cachepolicy
.IR Policy
.br
Only applicable to cached LVs; see also \fBlvmcache(7)\fP. Sets
the cache policy. \fBmq\fP is the basic policy name. \fBsmq\fP is more advanced
version available in newer kernels.
.
.HP
.BR \-\-cachepool
.IR CachePoolLogicalVolume { Name | Path }
.br
Specifies the name of cache pool volume name. The other way to specify pool name
is to append name to Volume group name argument.
.
.HP
.BR \-\-cachesettings
.IB Key = Value
.br
Only applicable to cached LVs; see also \fBlvmcache(7)\fP. Sets
the cache tunable settings. In most use-cases, default values should be adequate.
Special string value \fBdefault\fP switches setting back to its default kernel value
and removes it from the list of settings stored in lvm2 metadata.
.
.HP
.BR \-c | \-\-chunksize
.SIZE_G \%ChunkSize
.br
Gives the size of chunk for snapshot, cache pool and thin pool logical volumes.
Default unit is in kilobytes.
.br
For snapshots the value must be power of 2 between 4KiB and 512KiB
and the default value is 4KiB.
.br
For cache pools the value must a multiple of 32KiB
between 32KiB and 1GiB. The default is 64KiB.
When the size is specified with volume caching, it may not be smaller
than cache pool creation chunk size was.
.br
For thin pools the value must be a multiple of 64KiB
between 64KiB and 1GiB.
Default value starts with 64KiB and grows up to
fit the pool metadata size within 128MiB,
if the pool metadata size is not specified.
See
.BR lvm.conf (5)
setting \fBallocation/thin_pool_chunk_size_policy\fP
to select different calculation policy.
Thin pool target version <1.4 requires this value to be a power of 2.
For target version <1.5 discard is not supported for non power of 2 values.
.
.HP
.BR \-C | \-\-contiguous
.RB { y | n }
.br
Sets or resets the contiguous allocation policy for
logical volumes. Default is no contiguous allocation based
on a next free principle.
.
.HP
.BR \-\-corelog
.br
This is shortcut for option \fB\-\-mirrorlog core\fP.
.
.HP
.BR \-\-discards
.RB { ignore | nopassdown | passdown }
.br
Sets discards behavior for thin pool.
Default is \fBpassdown\fP.
.
.HP
.BR \-\-errorwhenfull
.RB { y | n }
.br
Configures thin pool behaviour when data space is exhausted.
Default is \fBn\fPo.
Device will queue I/O operations until target timeout
(see dm-thin-pool kernel module option \fPno_space_timeout\fP)
expires. Thus configured system has a time to i.e. extend
the size of thin pool data device.
When set to \fBy\fPes, the I/O operation is immeditelly errored.
.
.HP
.BR \-K | \-\-ignoreactivationskip
.br
Ignore the flag to skip Logical Volumes during activation.
Use \fB\-\-setactivationskip\fP option to set or reset
activation skipping flag persistently for logical volume.
.
.HP
.BR \-\-ignoremonitoring
.br
Make no attempt to interact with dmeventd unless \fB\-\-monitor\fP
is specified.
.
.HP
.BR -l | \-\-extents
.IR LogicalExtentsNumber \c
.RB [ % { VG | PVS | FREE | ORIGIN }]
.br
Specifies the size of the new LV in logical extents. The number of
physical extents allocated may be different, and depends on the LV type.
Certain LV types require more physical extents for data redundancy or
metadata. An alternate syntax allows the size to be determined indirectly
as a percentage of the size of a related VG, LV, or set of PVs. The
suffix \fB%VG\fP denotes the total size of the VG, the suffix \fB%FREE\fP
the remaining free space in the VG, and the suffix \fB%PVS\fP the free
space in the specified Physical Volumes. For a snapshot, the size
can be expressed as a percentage of the total size of the Origin Logical
Volume with the suffix \fB%ORIGIN\fP (\fB100%ORIGIN\fP provides space for
the whole origin).
When expressed as a percentage, the size defines an upper limit for the
number of logical extents in the new LV. The precise number of logical
extents in the new LV is not determined until the command has completed.
.
.HP
.BR \-j | \-\-major
.IR Major
.br
Sets the major number.
Major numbers are not supported with pool volumes.
This option is supported only on older systems
(kernel version 2.4) and is ignored on modern Linux systems where major
numbers are dynamically assigned.
.
.HP
.BR \-\-metadataprofile
.IR ProfileName
.br
Uses and attaches the \fIProfileName\fP configuration profile to the logical
volume metadata. Whenever the logical volume is processed next time,
the profile is automatically applied. If the volume group has another
profile attached, the logical volume profile is preferred.
See \fBlvm.conf\fP(5) for more information about \fBmetadata profiles\fP.
.
.HP
.BR \-\-minor
.IR Minor
.br
Sets the minor number.
Minor numbers are not supported with pool volumes.
.
.HP
.BR \-m | \-\-mirrors
.IR mirrors
.br
Creates a mirrored logical volume with \fImirrors\fP copies.
For example, specifying \fB\-m 1\fP
would result in a mirror with two-sides; that is,
a linear volume plus one copy.
Specifying the optional argument \fB\-\-nosync\fP will cause the creation
of the mirror LV to skip the initial resynchronization. Any data written
afterwards will be mirrored, but the original contents will not be copied.
This is useful for skipping a potentially long and resource intensive initial
sync of an empty mirrored RaidLV.
There are two implementations of mirroring which can be used and correspond
to the "\fIraid1\fP" and "\fImirror\fP" segment types.
The default is "\fIraid1\fP". See the
\fB\-\-type\fP option for more information if you would like to use the
legacy "\fImirror\fP" segment type. See
.BR lvm.conf (5)
settings \fB global/mirror_segtype_default\fP
and \fBglobal/raid10_segtype_default\fP
to configure default mirror segment type.
The options
\fB\-\-mirrorlog\fP and \fB\-\-corelog\fP apply
to the legacy "\fImirror\fP" segment type only.
Note the current maxima for mirrors are 7 for "mirror" providing
8 mirror legs and 9 for "raid1" providing 10 legs.
.
.HP
.BR \-\-mirrorlog
.RB { disk | core | mirrored }
.br
Specifies the type of log to be used for logical volumes utilizing
the legacy "\fImirror\fP" segment type.
.br
The default is \fBdisk\fP, which is persistent and requires
a small amount of storage space, usually on a separate device from the
data being mirrored.
.br
Using \fBcore\fP means the mirror is regenerated by copying the data
from the first device each time the logical volume is activated,
like after every reboot.
.br
Using \fBmirrored\fP will create a persistent log that is itself mirrored.
.
.HP
.BR \-\-monitor
.RB { y | n }
.br
Starts or avoids monitoring a mirrored, snapshot or thin pool logical volume with
dmeventd, if it is installed.
If a device used by a monitored mirror reports an I/O error,
the failure is handled according to
\fBactivation/mirror_image_fault_policy\fP
and \fBactivation/mirror_log_fault_policy\fP
set in \fBlvm.conf\fP(5).
.
.HP
.BR \-n | \-\-name
.IR LogicalVolume { Name | Path }
.br
Sets the name for the new logical volume.
.br
Without this option a default name of "lvol#" will be generated where
# is the LVM internal number of the logical volume.
.
.HP
.BR \-\-nosync
.br
Causes the creation of mirror, raid1, raid4, raid5 and raid10 to skip the
initial resynchronization. In case of mirror, raid1 and raid10, any data
written afterwards will be mirrored, but the original contents will not be
copied. In case of raid4 and raid5, no parity blocks will be written,
though any data written afterwards will cause parity blocks to be stored.
.br
This is useful for skipping a potentially long and resource intensive initial
sync of an empty mirror/raid1/raid4/raid5 and raid10 LV.
.br
This option is not valid for raid6, because raid6 relies on proper parity
(P and Q Syndromes) being created during initial synchronization in order
to reconstruct proper user date in case of device failures.
raid0 and raid0_meta don't provide any data copies or parity support
and thus don't support initial resynchronization.
.
.HP
.BR \-\-noudevsync
.br
Disables udev synchronisation. The
process will not wait for notification from udev.
It will continue irrespective of any possible udev processing
in the background. You should only use this if udev is not running
or has rules that ignore the devices LVM2 creates.
.
.HP
.BR \-p | \-\-permission
.RB { r | rw }
.br
Sets access permissions to read only (\fBr\fP) or read and write (\fBrw\fP).
.br
Default is read and write.
.
.HP
.BR \-M | \-\-persistent
.RB { y | n }
.br
Set to \fBy\fP to make the minor number specified persistent.
Pool volumes cannot have persistent major and minor numbers.
Defaults to \fBy\fPes only when major or minor number is specified.
Otherwise it is \fBn\fPo.
.\" .HP
.\" .IR \fB\-\-pooldatasize " " PoolDataVolumeSize [ bBsSkKmMgGtTpPeE ]
.\" Sets the size of pool's data logical volume.
.\" For thin pools you may also specify the size
.\" with the option \fB\-\-size\fP.
.\"
.
.HP
.BR \-\-poolmetadatasize
.SIZE_G \%MetadataVolumeSize
.br
Sets the size of pool's metadata logical volume.
Supported values are in range between 2MiB and 16GiB for thin pool,
and upto 16GiB for cache pool. The minimum value is computed from pool's
data size.
Default value for thin pool is (Pool_LV_size / Pool_LV_chunk_size * 64b).
To work with a thin pool, there should be at least 25% of free space
when the size of metadata is smaller then 16MiB,
or at least 4MiB of free space otherwise.
Default unit is megabytes.
.
.HP
.BR \-\-poolmetadataspare
.RB { y | n }
.br
Controls creation and maintanence of pool metadata spare logical volume
that will be used for automated pool recovery.
Only one such volume is maintained within a volume group
with the size of the biggest pool metadata volume.
Default is \fBy\fPes.
.
.HP
.BR \-\- [ raid ] maxrecoveryrate
.SIZE_G \%Rate
.br
Sets the maximum recovery rate for a RAID logical volume. \fIRate\fP
is specified as an amount per second for each device in the array.
If no suffix is given, then KiB/sec/device is assumed. Setting the
recovery rate to 0 means it will be unbounded.
.
.HP
.BR \-\- [ raid ] minrecoveryrate
.SIZE_G \%Rate
.br
Sets the minimum recovery rate for a RAID logical volume. \fIRate\fP
is specified as an amount per second for each device in the array.
If no suffix is given, then KiB/sec/device is assumed. Setting the
recovery rate to 0 means it will be unbounded.
.
.HP
.BR \-r | \-\-readahead
.RB { \fIReadAheadSectors | auto | none }
.br
Sets read ahead sector count of this logical volume.
For volume groups with metadata in lvm1 format, this must
be a value between 2 and 120.
The default value is \fBauto\fP which allows the kernel to choose
a suitable value automatically.
\fBnone\fP is equivalent to specifying zero.
.
.HP
.BR \-R | \-\-regionsize
.SIZE_G \%MirrorLogRegionSize
.br
A mirror is divided into regions of this size (in MiB), and the mirror log
uses this granularity to track which regions are in sync.
.
.HP
.BR \-k | \-\-setactivationskip
.RB { y | n }
.br
Controls whether Logical Volumes are persistently flagged to be skipped during
activation. By default, thin snapshot volumes are flagged for activation skip.
See
.BR lvm.conf (5)
\fBactivation/auto_set_activation_skip\fP
how to change its default behaviour.
To activate such volumes, an extra \fB\-\-ignoreactivationskip\fP
option must be used. The flag is not applied during deactivation. Use
\fBlvchange \-\-setactivationskip\fP
command to change the skip flag for existing volumes.
To see whether the flag is attached, use \fBlvs\fP command
where the state of the flag is reported within \fBlv_attr\fP bits.
.
.HP
.BR \-L | \-\-size
.SIZE_E \%LogicalVolumeSize
.br
Gives the size to allocate for the new logical volume.
A size suffix of \fBB\fP for bytes, \fBS\fP for sectors as 512 bytes,
\fBK\fP for kilobytes, \fBM\fP for megabytes,
\fBG\fP for gigabytes, \fBT\fP for terabytes, \fBP\fP for petabytes
or \fBE\fP for exabytes is optional.
.br
Default unit is megabytes.
.
.HP
.BR \-s | \fB\-\-snapshot
.IR OriginalLogicalVolume { Name | Path }
.br
Creates a snapshot logical volume (or snapshot) for an existing, so called
original logical volume (or origin).
Snapshots provide a 'frozen image' of the contents of the origin
while the origin can still be updated. They enable consistent
backups and online recovery of removed/overwritten data/files.
.br
Thin snapshot is created when the origin is a thin volume and
the size IS NOT specified. Thin snapshot shares same blocks within
the thin pool volume.
The non thin volume snapshot with the specified size does not need
the same amount of storage the origin has. In a typical scenario,
15-20% might be enough. In case the snapshot runs out of storage, use
.BR lvextend (8)
to grow it. Shrinking a snapshot is supported by
.BR lvreduce (8)
as well. Run
.BR lvs (8)
on the snapshot in order to check how much data is allocated to it.
Note: a small amount of the space you allocate to the snapshot is
used to track the locations of the chunks of data, so you should
allocate slightly more space than you actually need and monitor
(\fB\-\-monitor\fP) the rate at which the snapshot data is growing
so you can \fBavoid\fP running out of space.
If \fB\-\-thinpool\fP is specified, thin volume is created that will
use given original logical volume as an external origin that
serves unprovisioned blocks.
Only read-only volumes can be used as external origins.
To make the volume external origin, lvm expects the volume to be inactive.
External origin volume can be used/shared for many thin volumes
even from different thin pools. See
.BR lvconvert (8)
for online conversion to thin volumes with external origin.
.
.HP
.BR \-i | \-\-stripes
.IR Stripes
.br
Gives the number of stripes.
This is equal to the number of physical volumes to scatter
the logical volume data. When creating a RAID 4/5/6 logical volume,
the extra devices which are necessary for parity are
internally accounted for. Specifying \fB\-i 3\fP
would cause 3 devices for striped and RAID 0 logical volumes,
4 devices for RAID 4/5, 5 devices for RAID 6 and 6 devices for RAID 10.
Alternatively, RAID 0 will stripe across 2 devices,
RAID 4/5 across 3 PVs, RAID 6 across 5 PVs and RAID 10 across
4 PVs in the volume group if the \fB\-i\fP argument is omitted.
In order to stripe across all PVs of the VG if the \fB\-i\fP argument is
omitted, set raid_stripe_all_devices=1 in the allocation
section of \fBlvm.conf (5)\fP or add
.br
\fB\-\-config allocation/raid_stripe_all_devices=1\fP
.br
to the command.
Note the current maxima for stripes depend on the created RAID type.
For raid10, the maximum of stripes is 32,
for raid0, it is 64,
for raid4/5, it is 63
and for raid6 it is 62.
See the \fB\-\-nosync\fP option to optionally avoid initial syncrhonization of RaidLVs.
Two implementations of basic striping are available in the kernel.
The original device-mapper implementation is the default and should
normally be used. The alternative implementation using MD, available
since version 1.7 of the RAID device-mapper kernel target (kernel
version 4.2) is provided to facilitate the development of new RAID
features. It may be accessed with \fB--type raid0[_meta]\fP, but is best
avoided at present because of assorted restrictions on resizing and converting
such devices.
.HP
.BR \-I | \-\-stripesize
.IR StripeSize
.br
Gives the number of kilobytes for the granularity of the stripes.
.br
StripeSize must be 2^n (n = 2 to 9) for metadata in LVM1 format.
For metadata in LVM2 format, the stripe size may be a larger
power of 2 but must not exceed the physical extent size.
.
.HP
.BR \-T | \-\-thin
.br
Creates thin pool or thin logical volume or both.
Specifying the optional argument \fB\-\-size\fP or \fB\-\-extents\fP
will cause the creation of the thin pool logical volume.
Specifying the optional argument \fB\-\-virtualsize\fP will cause
the creation of the thin logical volume from given thin pool volume.
Specifying both arguments will cause the creation of both
thin pool and thin volume using this pool.
See \fBlvmthin\fP(7) for more info about thin provisioning support.
Thin provisioning requires device mapper kernel driver
from kernel 3.2 or greater.
.
.HP
.BR \-\-thinpool
.IR ThinPoolLogicalVolume { Name | Path }
.br
Specifies the name of thin pool volume name. The other way to specify pool name
is to append name to Volume group name argument.
.
.HP
.BR \-\-type
.IR SegmentType
.br
Creates a logical volume with the specified segment type.
Supported types are:
.BR cache ,
.BR cache-pool ,
.BR error ,
.BR linear ,
.BR mirror,
.BR raid0 ,
.BR raid1 ,
.BR raid4 ,
.BR raid5_la ,
.BR raid5_ls
.RB (=
.BR raid5 ),
.BR raid5_ra ,
.BR raid5_rs ,
.BR raid6_nc ,
.BR raid6_nr ,
.BR raid6_zr
.RB (=
.BR raid6 ),
.BR raid10 ,
.BR snapshot ,
.BR striped,
.BR thin ,
.BR thin-pool
or
.BR zero .
Segment type may have a commandline switch alias that will
enable its use.
When the type is not explicitly specified an implicit type
is selected from combination of options:
.BR \-H | \-\-cache | \-\-cachepool
(cache or cachepool),
.BR \-T | \-\-thin | \-\-thinpool
(thin or thinpool),
.BR \-m | \-\-mirrors
(raid1 or mirror),
.BR \-s | \-\-snapshot | \-V | \-\-virtualsize
(snapshot or thin),
.BR \-i | \-\-stripes
(striped).
The default segment type is \fBlinear\fP.
.
.HP
.BR \-V | \-\-virtualsize
.SIZE_E \%VirtualSize
.br
Creates a thinly provisioned device or a sparse device of the given size (in MiB by default).
See
.BR lvm.conf (5)
settings \fBglobal/sparse_segtype_default\fP
to configure default sparse segment type.
See \fBlvmthin\fP(7) for more info about thin provisioning support.
Anything written to a sparse snapshot will be returned when reading from it.
Reading from other areas of the device will return blocks of zeros.
Virtual snapshot (sparse snapshot) is implemented by creating
a hidden virtual device of the requested size using the zero target.
A suffix of _vorigin is used for this device.
Note: using sparse snapshots is not efficient for larger
device sizes (GiB), thin provisioning should be used for this case.
.
.HP
.BR \-W | \-\-wipesignatures
.RB { y | n }
.br
Controls detection and subsequent wiping of signatures on newly created
Logical Volume. There's a prompt for each signature detected to confirm
its wiping (unless \fB--yes\fP is used where LVM assumes 'yes' answer
for each prompt automatically). If this option is not specified, then by
default \fB-W\fP | \fB--wipesignatures y\fP is assumed each time the
zeroing is done (\fB\-Z\fP | \fB\-\-zero y\fP). This default behaviour
can be controlled by \fB\%allocation/wipe_signatures_when_zeroing_new_lvs\fP
setting found in
.BR lvm.conf (5).
.br
If blkid wiping is used (\fBallocation/use_blkid_wiping\fP setting in
.BR lvm.conf (5))
and LVM2 is compiled with blkid wiping support, then \fBblkid\fP(8) library is used
to detect the signatures (use \fBblkid \-k\fP command to list the signatures that are recognized).
Otherwise, native LVM2 code is used to detect signatures (MD RAID, swap and LUKS
signatures are detected only in this case).
.br
Logical volume is not wiped if the read only flag is set.
.
.HP
.BR \-Z | \-\-zero
.RB { y | n }
.br
Controls zeroing of the first 4KiB of data in the new logical volume.
Default is \fBy\fPes.
Snapshot COW volumes are always zeroed.
Logical volume is not zeroed if the read only flag is set.
.br
Warning: trying to mount an unzeroed logical volume can cause the system to
hang.
.
.SH Examples
.
Creates a striped logical volume with 3 stripes, a stripe size of 8KiB
and a size of 100MiB in the volume group named vg00.
The logical volume name will be chosen by lvcreate:
.sp
.B lvcreate \-i 3 \-I 8 \-L 100M vg00
Creates a mirror logical volume with 2 sides with a useable size of 500 MiB.
This operation would require 3 devices (or option
\fB\-\-alloc \%anywhere\fP) - two for the mirror
devices and one for the disk log:
.sp
.B lvcreate \-m1 \-L 500M vg00
Creates a mirror logical volume with 2 sides with a useable size of 500 MiB.
This operation would require 2 devices - the log is "in-memory":
.sp
.B lvcreate \-m1 \-\-mirrorlog core \-L 500M vg00
Creates a snapshot logical volume named "vg00/snap" which has access to the
contents of the original logical volume named "vg00/lvol1"
at snapshot logical volume creation time. If the original logical volume
contains a file system, you can mount the snapshot logical volume on an
arbitrary directory in order to access the contents of the filesystem to run
a backup while the original filesystem continues to get updated:
.sp
.B lvcreate \-\-size 100m \-\-snapshot \-\-name snap /dev/vg00/lvol1
Creates a snapshot logical volume named "vg00/snap" with size
for overwriting 20% of the original logical volume named "vg00/lvol1".:
.sp
.B lvcreate \-s \-l 20%ORIGIN \-\-name snap vg00/lvol1
Creates a sparse device named /dev/vg1/sparse of size 1TiB with space for just
under 100MiB of actual data on it:
.sp
.B lvcreate \-\-virtualsize 1T \-\-size 100M \-\-snapshot \-\-name sparse vg1
Creates a linear logical volume "vg00/lvol1" using physical extents
/dev/sda:0\-7 and /dev/sdb:0\-7 for allocation of extents:
.sp
.B lvcreate \-L 64M \-n lvol1 vg00 /dev/sda:0\-7 /dev/sdb:0\-7
Creates a 5GiB RAID5 logical volume "vg00/my_lv", with 3 stripes (plus
a parity drive for a total of 4 devices) and a stripesize of 64KiB:
.sp
.B lvcreate \-\-type raid5 \-L 5G \-i 3 \-I 64 \-n my_lv vg00
Creates a RAID5 logical volume "vg00/my_lv", using all of the free
space in the VG and spanning all the PVs in the VG (note that the command
will fail if there's more than 8 PVs in the VG in which case \fB\-i 7\fP
has to be used to get to the currently possible maximum of
8 devices including parity for RaidLVs):
.sp
.B lvcreate \-\-config allocation/raid_stripe_all_devices=1 \-\-type raid5 \-l 100%FREE \-n my_lv vg00
Creates a 5GiB RAID10 logical volume "vg00/my_lv", with 2 stripes on
2 2-way mirrors. Note that the \fB-i\fP and \fB-m\fP arguments behave
differently.
The \fB-i\fP specifies the number of stripes.
The \fB-m\fP specifies the number of
.B additional
copies:
.sp
.B lvcreate \-\-type raid10 \-L 5G \-i 2 \-m 1 \-n my_lv vg00
Creates 100MiB pool logical volume for thin provisioning
build with 2 stripes 64KiB and chunk size 256KiB together with
1TiB thin provisioned logical volume "vg00/thin_lv":
.sp
.B lvcreate \-i 2 \-I 64 \-c 256 \-L100M \-T vg00/pool \-V 1T \-\-name thin_lv
Creates a thin snapshot volume "thinsnap" of thin volume "thinvol" that
will share the same blocks within the thin pool.
Note: the size MUST NOT be specified, otherwise the non-thin snapshot
is created instead:
.sp
.B lvcreate \-s vg00/thinvol \-\-name thinsnap
Creates a thin snapshot volume of read-only inactive volume "origin"
which then becomes the thin external origin for the thin snapshot volume
in vg00 that will use an existing thin pool "vg00/pool":
.sp
.B lvcreate \-s \-\-thinpool vg00/pool origin
Create a cache pool LV that can later be used to cache one
logical volume.
.sp
.B lvcreate \-\-type cache-pool \-L 1G \-n my_lv_cachepool vg /dev/fast1
If there is an existing cache pool LV, create the large slow
device (i.e. the origin LV) and link it to the supplied cache pool LV,
creating a cache LV.
.sp
.B lvcreate \-\-cache \-L 100G \-n my_lv vg/my_lv_cachepool /dev/slow1
If there is an existing logical volume, create the small and fast
cache pool LV and link it to the supplied existing logical
volume (i.e. the origin LV), creating a cache LV.
.sp
.B lvcreate \-\-type cache \-L 1G \-n my_lv_cachepool vg/my_lv /dev/fast1
.\" Create a 1G cached LV "lvol1" with 10M cache pool "vg00/pool".
.\" .sp
.\" .B lvcreate \-\-cache \-L 1G \-n lv \-\-pooldatasize 10M vg00/pool
.
.SH SEE ALSO
.
.nh
.BR lvm (8),
.BR lvm.conf (5),
.BR lvmcache (7),
.BR lvmthin (7),
.BR lvconvert (8),
.BR lvchange (8),
.BR lvextend (8),
.BR lvreduce (8),
.BR lvremove (8),
.BR lvrename (8)
.BR lvs (8),
.BR lvscan (8),
.BR vgcreate (8),
.BR blkid (8)

5
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lvdisplay shows the attributes of LVs, like size, read/write status,
snapshot information, etc.
\fBlvs\fP(8) is a preferred alternative that shows the same information
and more, using a more compact and configurable output format.

134
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.TH LVDISPLAY 8 "LVM TOOLS #VERSION#" "Sistina Software UK" \" -*- nroff -*-
.SH NAME
lvdisplay \(em display attributes of a logical volume
.SH SYNOPSIS
.B lvdisplay
.RB [ \-a | \-\-all ]
.RB [ \-c | \-\-colon ]
.RB [ \-\-commandprofile
.IR ProfileName ]
.RB [ \-d | \-\-debug ]
.RB [ \-h | \-? | \-\-help ]
.RB [ \-\-ignorelockingfailure ]
.RB [ \-\-ignoreskippedcluster ]
.RB [ \-\-maps ]
.RB [ \-\-nosuffix ]
.RB [ \-P | \-\-partial ]
.RB [ \-\-reportformat
.RB { basic | json }]
.RB [ \-S | \-\-select
.IR Selection ]
.RB [ \-\-units
.IR hHbBsSkKmMgGtTpPeE ]
.RB [ \-v | \-\-verbose ]
.RB [ \-\-version ]
.RI [ VolumeGroupName | LogicalVolume { Name | Path }\ ...]
.br
.B lvdisplay
.BR \-C | \-\-columns
.RB [ \-\-aligned ]
.RB [ \-\-binary ]
.RB [ \-a | \-\-all ]
.RB [ \-\-commandprofile
.IR ProfileName ]
.RB [[ \-\-configreport
.IR ReportName ]
.RB [ \-o | \-\-options
.RI [ + | \- | # ] Field1 [, Field2 ...]
.RB [ \-O | \-\-sort
.RI [ + | \- ] Key1 [, Key2 ...]]
.RB [ \-S | \-\-select
.IR Selection ]
.RB ...]
.RB [ \-d | \-\-debug ]
.RB [ \-h | \-? | \-\-help ]
.RB [ \-\-ignorelockingfailure ]
.RB [ \-\-ignoreskippedcluster ]
.RB [ \-\-logonly ]
.RB [ \-\-noheadings ]
.RB [ \-\-nosuffix ]
.RB [ \-P | \-\-partial ]
.RB [ \-\-reportformat
.RB { basic | json }]
.RB [ \-\-segments ]
.RB [ \-\-separator
.IR Separator ]
.RB [ \-\-unbuffered ]
.RB [ \-\-units
.IR hHbBsSkKmMgGtTpPeE ]
.RB [ \-v | \-\-verbose ]
.RB [ \-\-version ]
.RI [ VolumeGroupName | LogicalVolume { Name | Path }\ ...]
.SH DESCRIPTION
lvdisplay allows you to see the attributes of a logical volume
like size, read/write status, snapshot information etc.
.P
\fBlvs\fP(8) is an alternative that provides the same information
in the style of \fBps\fP(1).
\fBlvs\fP(8) is recommended over \fBlvdisplay\fP.
.SH OPTIONS
See \fBlvm\fP(8) for common options and \fBlvs\fP for options given with
\fB\-\-columns\fP.
.TP
.B \-\-all
Include information in the output about internal Logical Volumes that
are components of normally-accessible Logical Volumes, such as mirrors,
but which are not independently accessible (e.g. not mountable).
For example, after creating a mirror using
\fBlvcreate \-m1 \-\-mirrorlog disk\fP,
this option will reveal three internal Logical Volumes, with suffixes
mimage_0, mimage_1, and mlog.
.TP
.BR \-C ", " \-\-columns
Display output in columns, the equivalent of \fBlvs\fP(8).
Options listed are the same as options given in \fBlvs\fP(8).
.TP
.BR \-c ", " \-\-colon
Generate colon separated output for easier parsing in scripts or programs.
N.B. \fBlvs\fP(8) provides considerably more control over the output.
.nf
The values are:
\(bu logical volume name
\(bu volume group name
\(bu logical volume access
\(bu logical volume status
\(bu internal logical volume number
\(bu open count of logical volume
\(bu logical volume size in sectors
\(bu current logical extents associated to logical volume
\(bu allocated logical extents of logical volume
\(bu allocation policy of logical volume
\(bu read ahead sectors of logical volume
\(bu major device number of logical volume
\(bu minor device number of logical volume
.fi
.TP
.BR \-m ", " \-\-maps
Display the mapping of logical extents to physical volumes and
physical extents. To map physical extents
to logical extents use:
.B pvs \-\-segments \-o+lv_name,seg_start_pe,segtype
.SH Examples
Shows attributes of that logical volume. If snapshot
logical volumes have been created for this original logical volume,
this command shows a list of all snapshot logical volumes and their
status (active or inactive) as well:
.sp
.B lvdisplay \-v vg00/lvol2
Shows the attributes of this snapshot logical volume and also which
original logical volume it is associated with:
.sp
.B lvdisplay vg00/snapshot
.SH SEE ALSO
.BR lvm (8),
.BR lvcreate (8),
.BR lvs (8),
.BR lvscan (8),
.BR pvs (8)

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lvextend extends the size of an LV. This requires allocating logical
extents from the VG's free physical extents. A copy\-on\-write snapshot LV
can also be extended to provide more space to hold COW blocks. Use
\fBlvconvert\fP(8) to change the number of data images in a RAID or
mirrored LV.

16
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.SH EXAMPLES
Extend the size of an LV by 54MiB, using a specific PV.
.br
.B lvextend \-L +54 vg01/lvol10 /dev/sdk3
Extend the size of an LV by the amount of free
space on PV /dev/sdk3. This is equivalent to specifying
"\-l +100%PVS" on the command line.
.br
.B lvextend vg01/lvol01 /dev/sdk3
Extend an LV by 16MiB using specific physical extents.
.br
.B lvextend \-L+16m vg01/lvol01 /dev/sda:8\-9 /dev/sdb:8\-9

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.TH LVEXTEND 8 "LVM TOOLS #VERSION#" "Sistina Software UK" \" -*- nroff -*-
.SH NAME
lvextend \(em extend the size of a logical volume
.SH SYNOPSIS
.B lvextend
.RB [ \-\-alloc
.IR AllocationPolicy ]
.RB [ \-A | \-\-autobackup
.RI { y | n }]
.RB [ \-\-commandprofile
.IR ProfileName ]
.RB [ \-d | \-\-debug ]
.RB [ \-h | \-? | \-\-help ]
.RB [ \-f | \-\-force ]
.RB [ \-i | \-\-stripes
.I Stripes
.RB [ \-I | \-\-stripesize
.IR StripeSize ]]
.RB { \-l | \-\-extents
.RI [ + ] LogicalExtentsNumber [ % { VG | LV | PVS | FREE | ORIGIN }]
|
.BR \-L | \-\-size
.RI [ + ] LogicalVolumeSize [ bBsSkKmMgGtTpPeE ]}
.RB [ \-n | \-\-nofsck ]
.RB [ \-\-noudevsync]
.RB [ \-r | \-\-resizefs ]
.RB [ \-\-reportformat
.RB { basic | json }]
.RB [ \-\-use\-policies ]
.RB [ \-t | \-\-test ]
.RB [ \-v | \-\-verbose ]
.I LogicalVolumePath
.RI [ PhysicalVolumePath [ :PE [ \-PE ]]...]
.SH DESCRIPTION
lvextend allows you to extend the size of a logical volume.
Extension of snapshot logical volumes (see
.BR lvcreate (8)
for information to create snapshots) is supported as well.
But to change the number of copies in a mirrored logical
volume use
.BR lvconvert (8).
.SH OPTIONS
See \fBlvm\fP(8) for common options.
.TP
.BR \-f ", " \-\-force
Proceed with size extension without prompting.
.TP
.IR \fB\-l ", " \fB\-\-extents " [" + ] LogicalExtentsNumber [ % { VG | LV | PVS | FREE | ORIGIN }]
Extend or set the logical volume size in units of logical extents.
With the '\fI+\fP' sign the value is added to the actual size
of the logical volume and without it, the value is taken as an absolute one.
The total number of physical extents allocated will be
greater than this, for example, if the volume is mirrored.
The number can also be expressed as a percentage of the total space
in the Volume Group with the suffix \fI%VG\fP, relative to the existing
size of the Logical Volume with the suffix \fI%LV\fP, of the remaining
free space for the specified PhysicalVolume(s) with the suffix \fI%PVS\fP,
as a percentage of the remaining free space in the Volume Group
with the suffix \fI%FREE\fP, or (for a snapshot) as a percentage of the total
space in the Origin Logical Volume with the suffix \fI%ORIGIN\fP.
The resulting value is rounded upward.
N.B. In a future release, when expressed as a percentage with PVS, VG or FREE,
the number will be treated as an approximate upper limit for the total number
of physical extents to be allocated (including extents used by any mirrors, for
example). The code may currently allocate more space than you might otherwise
expect.
.TP
.IR \fB\-L ", " \fB\-\-size " [" + ] LogicalVolumeSize [ bBsSkKmMgGtTpPeE ]
Extend or set the logical volume size in units of megabytes.
A size suffix of M for megabytes,
G for gigabytes, T for terabytes, P for petabytes
or E for exabytes is optional.
With the + sign the value is added to the actual size
of the logical volume and without it, the value is taken as an absolute one.
.TP
.BR \-i ", " \-\-stripes " " \fIStripes
Gives the number of stripes for the extension.
Not applicable to LVs using the original metadata LVM format, which must
use a single value throughout.
.TP
.BR \-I ", " \-\-stripesize " " \fIStripeSize
Gives the number of kilobytes for the granularity of the stripes.
Not applicable to LVs using the original metadata LVM format, which must
use a single value throughout.
.br
StripeSize must be 2^n (n = 2 to 9)
.TP
.BR \-n ", " \-\-nofsck
Do not perform fsck before extending filesystem when filesystem
requires it. You may need to use \fB\-\-force\fR to proceed with
this option.
.TP
.B \-\-noudevsync
Disable udev synchronisation. The
process will not wait for notification from udev.
It will continue irrespective of any possible udev processing
in the background. You should only use this if udev is not running
or has rules that ignore the devices LVM2 creates.
.TP
.BR \-r ", " \-\-resizefs
Resize underlying filesystem together with the logical volume using
\fBfsadm\fR(8).
.TP
.B \-\-use\-policies
Resizes the logical volume according to configured policy. See
\fBlvm.conf\fR(5) for some details.
.SH Examples
Extends the size of the logical volume "vg01/lvol10" by 54MiB on physical
volume /dev/sdk3. This is only possible if /dev/sdk3 is a member of
volume group vg01 and there are enough free physical extents in it:
.sp
.B lvextend \-L +54 /dev/vg01/lvol10 /dev/sdk3
Extends the size of logical volume "vg01/lvol01" by the amount of free
space on physical volume /dev/sdk3. This is equivalent to specifying
"\-l +100%PVS" on the command line:
.sp
.B lvextend /dev/vg01/lvol01 /dev/sdk3
Extends a logical volume "vg01/lvol01" by 16MiB using physical extents
/dev/sda:8\-9 and /dev/sdb:8\-9 for allocation of extents:
.sp
.B lvextend -L+16M vg01/lvol01 /dev/sda:8\-9 /dev/sdb:8\-9
.SH SEE ALSO
.BR fsadm (8),
.BR lvm (8),
.BR lvm.conf (5),
.BR lvcreate (8),
.BR lvconvert (8),
.BR lvreduce (8),
.BR lvresize (8),
.BR lvchange (8)

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This command is the same as \fBlvmconfig\fP(8).
lvm config produces formatted output from the LVM configuration tree. The
sources of the configuration data include \fBlvm.conf\fP(5) and command
line settings from \-\-config.

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.so man8/lvmconfig.8

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This command is the same as \fBlvmconfig\fP(8).
lvm dumpconfig produces formatted output from the LVM configuration tree. The
sources of the configuration data include \fBlvm.conf\fP(5) and command
line settings from \-\-config.

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.so man8/lvmconfig.8

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lvm fullreport produces formatted output about PVs, PV segments, VGs, LVs
and LV segments. The information is all gathered together for each VG
(under a per-VG lock) so it is consistent. Information gathered from
separate calls to \fBvgs\fP, \fBpvs\fP, and \fBlvs\fP can be inconsistent
if information changes between commands.

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.TH LVM-FULLREPORT 8 "LVM TOOLS #VERSION#" "Red Hat, Inc" \" -*- nroff -*-
.SH NAME
lvm fullreport \(em Report information about PVs, PV segments, VGs, LVs and LV segments, all at once for each VG.
.SH SYNOPSIS
.B lvm fullreport
.RB [ \-a | \-\-all ]
.RB [ \-\-aligned ]
.RB [ \-\-binary ]
.RB [ \-\-commandprofile
.IR ProfileName ]
.RB [[ \-\-configreport
.IR ReportName ]
.RB [ \-o | \-\-options
.RI [ + | \- | # ] Field1 [, Field2 ...]
.RB [ \-O | \-\-sort
.RI [ + | \- ] Key1 [, Key2 ...]]
.RB [ \-S | \-\-select
.IR Selection ]
.RB ...]
.RB [ \-d | \-\-debug ]
.RB [ \-h | \-? | \-\-help ]
.RB [ \-\-ignorelockingfailure ]
.RB [ \-\-ignoreskippedcluster ]
.RB [ \-\-logonly ]
.RB [ \-\-nameprefixes ]
.RB [ \-\-noheadings ]
.RB [ \-\-nosuffix ]
.RB [ \-P | \-\-partial ]
.RB [ \-\-reportformat
.RB { basic | json }]
.RB [ \-\-rows ]
.RB [ \-\-separator
.IR Separator ]
.RB [ \-\-unbuffered ]
.RB [ \-\-units
.IR hHbBsSkKmMgGtTpPeE ]
.RB [ \-\-unquoted ]
.RB [ \-v | \-\-verbose ]
.RB [ \-\-version ]
.RI [ VolumeGroupName
.RI [ VolumeGroupName ...]]
.SH DESCRIPTION
lvm fullreport produces formatted output about PVs, PV segments, VGs, LVs
and LV segments, all at once for each VG and guarded by per-VG lock
for consistency.
.SH OPTIONS
See \fBlvm\fP(8) for common options.
.TP
.B \-\-all
Include information in the output about internal Logical Volumes that
are components of normally-accessible Logical Volumes, such as mirrors,
but which are not independently accessible (e.g. not mountable).
The names of such Logical Volumes are enclosed within square brackets
in the output. For example, after creating a mirror using
.B lvcreate -m1 \-\-mirrorlog disk
, this option will reveal three internal Logical
Volumes, with suffixes mimage_0, mimage_1, and mlog.
.TP
.B \-\-aligned
Use with \fB\-\-separator\fP to align the output columns.
.TP
.B \-\-binary
Use binary values "0" or "1" instead of descriptive literal values
for columns that have exactly two valid values to report (not counting
the "unknown" value which denotes that the value could not be determined).
.TP
.B \-\-configreport \fI ReportName
Make any subsequent \fB\-o, \-\-options\fP, \fB\-O, \-\-sort\fP or
\fB\-S, \-\-select\fP to apply for \fIReportName\fP where \fIReportName\fP
is 'pv' for PV subreport, 'pvseg' for PV segment subreport, 'vg' for
VG subreport, 'lv' for LV subreport, 'seg' for LV segment subreport or 'log'
for log report. If \fB\-\-configreport\fP option is not used to identify a
report, then all command's subreports are assumed except log report. The log
report is available only if enabled by \fBlog/report_command_log\fP
\fBlvm.conf\fP(5) setting or if \fB\-\-logonly\fP option is used.
.TP
.B \-\-logonly
Suppress the main report itself and display only log report on output.
.TP
.B \-\-nameprefixes
Add an "LVM2_" prefix plus the field name to the output. Useful
with \fB\-\-noheadings\fP to produce a list of field=value pairs that can
be used to set environment variables (for example, in \fBudev\fP(7) rules).
.TP
.B \-\-noheadings
Suppress the headings line that is normally the first line of output.
Useful if grepping the output.
.TP
.B \-\-nosuffix
Suppress the suffix on output sizes. Use with \fB\-\-units\fP
(except h and H) if processing the output.
.TP
.BR \-o ", " \-\-options
Comma-separated ordered list of columns.
.IP
Precede the list with '\fI+\fP' to append to the current list
of columns, '\fI-\fP' to remove from the current list of columns
or '\fI#\fP' to compact given columns. The \fI\-o\fP option can
be repeated, providing several lists. These lists are evaluated
from left to right.
.IP
For the list of columns, see \fBpvs\fP(8), \fBvgs\fP(8),
\fBlvs\fP(8) man page or check \fBpvs\fP, \fBvgs\fP, \fBlvs -o help\fP
output.
.TP
.BR \-O ", " \-\-sort
Comma-separated ordered list of columns to sort by. Replaces the default
selection. Precede any column with '\fI\-\fP' for a reverse sort on that
column.
.TP
.B \-\-rows
Output columns as rows.
.TP
.BR \-S ", " \-\-select " " \fISelection
Display only rows that match Selection criteria. All rows are displayed with
the additional "selected" column (\fB-o selected\fP) showing 1 if the row
matches the Selection and 0 otherwise. The Selection criteria are defined
by specifying column names and their valid values (that can include reserved
values) while making use of supported comparison operators. See \fBlvm\fP(8)
and \fB\-S\fP, \fB\-\-select\fP description for more detailed information
about constructing the Selection criteria. As a quick help and to see full
list of column names that can be used in Selection including the list of
reserved values and the set of supported selection operators, check the
output of \fBpvs\fP, \fBvgs\fP, \fBlvs -S help\fP command.
.TP
.B \-\-separator \fISeparator
String to use to separate each column. Useful if grepping the output.
.TP
.B \-\-unbuffered
Produce output immediately without sorting or aligning the columns properly.
.TP
.B \-\-units \fIhHbBsSkKmMgGtTpPeE
All sizes are output in these units: (h)uman-readable, (b)ytes, (s)ectors,
(k)ilobytes, (m)egabytes, (g)igabytes, (t)erabytes, (p)etabytes, (e)xabytes.
Capitalise to use multiples of 1000 (S.I.) instead of 1024. Can also specify
custom units e.g. \-\-units 3M
.TP
.B \-\-unquoted
When used with \fB\-\-nameprefixes\fP, output values in the field=value
pairs are not quoted.
.SH SEE ALSO
.BR lvm (8),
.BR pvs (8),
.BR vgs (8),
.BR lvs (8)

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lvm lvpoll is an internal command used by \fBlvmpolld\fP(8) to monitor and
complete \fBlvconvert\fP(8) and \fBpvmove\fP(8) operations. lvpoll itself
does not initiate these operations and should not normally need to be run
directly.

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.SH NOTES
To find the name of the pvmove LV that was created by an original
\fBpvmove /dev/name\fP command, use the command:
.br
\fBlvs -a -S move_pv=/dev/name\fP.
.SH EXAMPLES
Continue polling a pvmove operation.
.br
.B lvm lvpoll --polloperation pvmove vg00/pvmove0
Abort a pvmove operation.
.br
.B lvm lvpoll --polloperation pvmove --abort vg00/pvmove0
Continue polling a mirror conversion.
.br
.B lvm lvpoll --polloperation convert vg00/lvmirror
Continue mirror repair.
.br
.B lvm lvpoll --polloperation convert vg/damaged_mirror --handlemissingpvs
Continue snapshot merge.
.br
.B lvm lvpoll --polloperation merge vg/snapshot_old
Continue thin snapshot merge.
.br
.B lvm lvpoll --polloperation merge_thin vg/thin_snapshot

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.TH "LVPOLL" "8" "LVM TOOLS #VERSION#" "Red Hat, Inc" \" -*- nroff -*-
.SH NAME
lvpoll \(em Internal command used by lvmpolld to complete some Logical Volume operations.
.SH SYNOPSIS
.B lvm lvpoll
.BR \-\-polloperation
.RI { pvmove | convert | merge | merge_thin }
.RB [ \-\-abort ]
.RB [ \-A | \-\-autobackup
.RI { y | n }]
.RB [ \-\-commandprofile
.IR ProfileName ]
.RB [ \-d | \-\-debug ]
.RB [ \-h | \-? | \-\-help ]
.RB [ \-\-handlemissingpvs ]
.RB [ \-i | \-\-interval
.IR Seconds ]
.RB [ \-t | \-\-test ]
.RB [ \-v | \-\-verbose ]
.RB [ \-\-version ]
.IR LogicalVolume [ Path ]
.SH DESCRIPTION
\fBlvpoll\fP is an internal command used by \fBlvmpolld\fP(8) to monitor and
complete \fBlvconvert\fP(8) and \fBpvmove\fP(8) operations.
\fBlvpoll\fP itself does not initiate these operations and
you should never normally need to invoke it directly.
.I LogicalVolume
The Logical Volume undergoing conversion or, in the case of pvmove, the name of
the internal pvmove Logical Volume (see \fBEXAMPLES\fP).
.SH OPTIONS
See \fBlvm\fP(8) for common options.
.TP
.BR \-\-polloperation " {" \fIconvert | \fImerge | \fImerge_thin | \fIpvmove }
Mandatory option.
\fIpvmove\fP refers to a pvmove operation that is moving data.
\fIconvert\fP refers to an operation that is increasing the number of redundant copies of data maintained by a mirror.
\fImerge\fP indicates a merge operation that doesn't involve thin volumes.
\fImerge_thin\fP indicates a merge operation involving thin snapshots.
\fBpvmove\fP(8) and \fBlvconvert\fP(8) describe how to initiate these operations.
.TP
.B \-\-abort
Abort pvmove in progress. See \fBpvmove\fP(8).
.TP
.B \-\-handlemissingpvs
Used when the polling operation needs to handle missing PVs to be able to
continue. This can happen when \fBlvconvert\fP(8) is repairing a mirror
with one or more faulty devices.
.TP
.BR \-i ", " \-\-interval " "\fISeconds
Report progress at regular intervals
.SH EXAMPLES
Resume polling of a pvmove operation identified by the Logical Volume vg00/pvmove0:
.sp
.B lvm lvpoll --polloperation pvmove vg00/pvmove0
.P
Abort the same pvmove operation:
.sp
.B lvm lvpoll --polloperation pvmove --abort vg00/pvmove0
.P
To find out the name of the pvmove Logical Volume resulting from an original
\fBpvmove /dev/sda1\fP command you may use the following \fBlvs\fP command.
(Remove the parentheses from the LV name.)
.sp
.B lvs -a -S move_pv=/dev/sda1
.P
Resume polling of mirror conversion vg00/lvmirror:
.sp
.B lvm lvpoll --polloperation convert vg00/lvmirror
.P
Complete mirror repair:
.sp
.B lvm lvpoll --polloperation convert vg/damaged_mirror --handlemissingpvs
.P
Process snapshot merge:
.sp
.B lvm lvpoll --polloperation merge vg/snapshot_old
.P
Finish thin snapshot merge:
.sp
.B lvm lvpoll --polloperation merge_thin vg/thin_snapshot
.SH SEE ALSO
.BR lvconvert (8),
.BR lvm (8),
.BR lvmpolld (8),
.BR lvs (8),
.BR pvmove (8)

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.TH LVMCHANGE 8 "LVM TOOLS #VERSION#" "Sistina Software UK" \" -*- nroff -*-
.SH NAME
lvmchange \(em change attributes of the logical volume manager
.SH SYNOPSIS
.B lvmchange
.SH DESCRIPTION
lvmchange is not currently supported under LVM2, although
\fBdmsetup\fP(8) has a \fBremove_all\fP command.
.SH SEE ALSO
.BR dmsetup (8)

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lvmconfig produces formatted output from the LVM configuration tree. The
sources of the configuration data include \fBlvm.conf\fP(5) and command
line settings from \-\-config.

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.TH "LVMCONFIG" "8" "LVM TOOLS #VERSION#" "Red Hat, Inc" "\""
.SH "NAME"
lvmconfig, lvm dumpconfig, lvm config \(em Display LVM configuration
.SH SYNOPSIS
.
.ad l
.B lvmconfig
.RB [ \-f | \-\-file
.IR Filename ]
.RB [ \-\-type
.RB { current | default | diff | full |\: list | missing | new \c
.RB | profilable | profilable-command | profilable-metadata }]
.RB [ \-\-atversion
.IR Version ]
.RB [ \-\-sinceversion
.IR Version ]
.RB [ \-\-ignoreadvanced ]
.RB [ \-\-ignoreunsupported ]
.RB [ \-\-ignorelocal ]
.RB [ \-l | \-\-list ]
.RB [ \-\-config
.IR ConfigurationString ]
.RB [ \-\-commandprofile
.IR ProfileName ]
.RB [ \-\-profile
.IR ProfileName ]
.RB [ \-\-metadataprofile
.IR ProfileName ]
.RB [ \-\-mergedconfig ]
.RB [ \-\-showdeprecated ]
.RB [ \-\-showunsupported ]
.RB [ \-\-validate ]
.RB [ \-\-withsummary ]
.RB [ \-\-withcomments ]
.RB [ \-\-withspaces ]
.RB [ \-\-withversions ]
.RB [ ConfigurationNode... ]
.ad b
.
.SH DESCRIPTION
lvmconfig produces formatted output from the LVM configuration tree.
The command was added in release 2.02.119 and has an identical longer form
\fBlvm dumpconfig\fP.
.SH OPTIONS
.TP
.BR \-f ", " \-\-file " \fIFilename"
Send output to a file named 'filename'.
.TP
.BR \-l ", " \-\-list
List configuration settings with summarizing comment. This is the same as using
\fBlvmconfig --type list --withsummary\fP.
.TP
.BR \-\-type " {" current | default | diff | full | missing | new | profilable |\: profilable-command | profilable-metadata }
Select the type of configuration to display. The configuration settings
displayed have either default values or currently-used values assigned based on
the type selected. If no type is selected, \fB\-\-type current\fP is used
by default. Whenever a configuration setting with a default value is
commented out, it means the setting does not have any concrete default
value defined. Output can be saved and used as a proper \fBlvm.conf\fP(5)
file.
.RS
.IP \fBcurrent\fP 3
Display the current \fBlvm.conf\fP configuration merged with any \fBtag
config\fP if used. See also \fBlvm.conf\fP(5) for more info about LVM
configuration methods.
.IP \fBdefault\fP 3
Display all possible configuration settings with default values assigned.
.IP \fBdiff\fP 3
Display all configuration settings for which the values used differ from defaults.
The value assigned for each configuration setting is the value currently used.
Using this type also implies the use of \fB\-\-mergedconfig\fP option.
This is actually minimal LVM configuration which can be used without
a change to current configured behaviour.
.IP \fBfull\fP 3
Display full configuration tree - a combination of current configuration tree
(\fB\-\-type current\fP) and tree of settings for which default values are
used (\fB\-\-type missing\fP). This is exactly the configuration tree that
LVM2 uses during command execution. Using this type also implies
the use of \fB\-\-mergedconfig\fP option. If comments are displayed
(see \fB\-\-withcomments\fP and \fB\-\-withsummary\fP options), then
for each setting found in existing configuration and for which defaults
are not used, there's an extra comment line printed to denote this.
.IP \fBlist\fP 3
Display plain list of configuration settings.
.IP \fBmissing\fP 3
Display all configuration settings with default values assigned which are
missing in the configuration currently used and for which LVM automatically
fallbacks to using these default values.
.IP \fBnew\fP 3
Display all new configuration settings introduced in current LVM version
or specific version as defined by \fB\-\-atversion\fP option.
.IP \fBprofilable\fP 3
Display all profilable configuration settings with default values assigned.
See \fBlvm.conf\fP(5) for more info about \fBprofile config\fP method.
.IP \fBprofilable-command\fP 3
Display all profilable configuration settings with default values assigned
that can be used in command profile. This is a subset of settings displayed
by \fB\-\-type profilable\fP.
.IP \fBprofilable-metadata\fP 3
Display all profilable configuration settings with default values assigned
that can be used in metadata profile. This is a subset of settings displayed
by \fB\-\-type profilable\fP.
.RE
.TP
.BI \-\-atversion " Version"
Specify an LVM version in x.y.z format where x is the major version,
the y is the minor version and z is the patchlevel (e.g. 2.2.106).
When configuration is displayed, the configuration settings recognized
at this LVM version will be considered only. This can be used
to display a configuration that a certain LVM version understands and
which does not contain any newer settings for which LVM would
issue a warning message when checking the configuration.
.TP
.BI \-\-sinceversion " Version"
Specify an LVM version in x.y.z format where x is the major version,
the y is the minor version and z is the patchlevel (e.g. 2.2.106).
This option is currently applicable only with \fB\-\-type new\fP
to display all configuration settings introduced since given version.
.TP
.B \-\-ignoreadvanced
Exclude advanced configuration settings from the output.
.TP
.B \-\-ignoreunsupported
Exclude unsupported configuration settings from the output. These settings are
either used for debugging and development purposes only or their support is not
yet complete and they are not meant to be used in production. The \fBcurrent\fP
and \fBdiff\fP types include unsupported settings in their output by default,
all the other types ignore unsupported settings.
.TP
.B \-\-ignorelocal
Ignore local section.
.TP
.BI \-\-config " ConfigurationString"
Use \fIConfigurationString\fP to override existing configuration.
This configuration is then applied for the lvmconfig command itself.
See also \fBlvm.conf\fP(5) for more info about \fBconfig cascade\fP.
.TP
.BI \-\-commandprofile " ProfileName"
Use \fIProfileName\fP to override existing configuration.
This configuration is then applied for the lvmconfig command itself.
See also \fB\-\-mergedconfig\fP option and \fBlvm.conf\fP(5) for
more info about \fBconfig cascade\fP.
.TP
.BI \-\-profile " ProfileName"
The same as using \fB\-\-commandprofile\fP but the configuration is not
applied for the lvmconfig command itself.
.TP
.BI \-\-metadataprofile " ProfileName"
Use \fIProfileName\fP to override existing configuration.
The configuration defined in metadata profile has no effect for
the lvmconfig command itself. lvmconfig displays the configuration only.
See also \fB\-\-mergedconfig\fP option and \fBlvm.conf\fP(5) for more
info about \fBconfig cascade\fP.
.TP
.B \-\-mergedconfig
When the lvmconfig command is run with the \fB\-\-config\fP option
and/or \fB\-\-commandprofile\fP (or using \fBLVM_COMMAND_PROFILE\fP
environment variable), \fB\-\-profile\fP, \fB\-\-metadataprofile\fP
option, merge all the contents of the \fBconfig cascade\fP before displaying it.
Without the \fB\-\-mergeconfig\fP option used, only the configuration at
the front of the cascade is displayed. See also \fBlvm.conf\fP(5) for more
info about \fBconfig cascade\fP.
.TP
.B \-\-showdeprecated
Include deprecated configuration settings in the output. These settings
are always deprecated since certain version. If concrete version is specified
with \fB--atversion\fP option, deprecated settings are automatically included
if specified version is lower that the version in which the settings were
deprecated. The \fBcurrent\fP and \fBdiff\fP types include deprecated settings
int their output by default, all the other types ignore deprecated settings.
.TP
.B \-\-showunsupported
Include unsupported configuration settings in the output. These settings
are either used for debugging or development purposes only or their support
is not yet complete and they are not meant to be used in production. The
\fBcurrent\fP and \fBdiff\fP types include unsupported settings in their
output by default, all the other types ignore unsupported settings.
.TP
.B \-\-validate
Validate current configuration used and exit with appropriate
return code. The validation is done only for the configuration
at the front of the \fBconfig cascade\fP. To validate the whole
merged configuration tree, use also the \fB\-\-mergedconfig\fP option.
The validation is done even if \fBconfig/checks\fP \fBlvm.conf\fP(5)
option is disabled.
.TP
.B \-\-withsummary
Display a one line comment for each configuration node.
.TP
.B \-\-withcomments
Display a full comment for each configuration node. For deprecated
settings, also display comments about deprecation in addition.
.TP
.B \-\-withspaces
Where appropriate, add more spaces in output for better readability.
.TP
.B \-\-withversions
Also display a comment containing the version of introduction for
each configuration node. If the setting is deprecated, also display
the version since which it is deprecated.
.SH SEE ALSO
.BR lvm (8)
.BR lvmconf (8)
.BR lvm.conf (5)

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lvmdiskscan scans all SCSI, (E)IDE disks, multiple devices and a bunch of
other block devices in the system looking for LVM PVs. The size reported
is the real device size. Define a filter in \fBlvm.conf\fP(5) to restrict
the scan to avoid a CD ROM, for example.
This command is deprecated, use \fBpvs\fP instead.

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.TH LVMDISKSCAN 8 "LVM TOOLS #VERSION#" "Sistina Software UK" \" -*- nroff -*-
.SH NAME
lvmdiskscan \(em scan for all devices visible to LVM2
.SH SYNOPSIS
.B lvmdiskscan
.RB [ \-\-commandprofile
.IR ProfileName ]
.RB [ \-d | \-\-debug ]
.RB [ \-h | \-? | \-\-help ]
.RB [ \-l | \-\-lvmpartition ]
.RB [ \-v | \-\-verbose ]
.SH DESCRIPTION
lvmdiskscan scans all SCSI, (E)IDE disks, multiple devices and a bunch
of other block devices in the system looking for LVM physical volumes.
The size reported is the real device size.
Define a filter in \fBlvm.conf\fP(5) to restrict
the scan to avoid a CD ROM, for example.
.SH OPTIONS
See \fBlvm\fP(8) for common options.
.TP
.BR \-l ", " \-\-lvmpartition
Only reports Physical Volumes.
.SH SEE ALSO
.BR lvm (8),
.BR lvm.conf (5),
.BR pvscan (8),
.BR vgscan (8)

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@ -573,25 +573,37 @@ To place the lvmlock LV on a specific device, create the VG with only that
device, then use vgextend to add other devices.
.SS shared LVs
.SS LV activation
When an LV is used concurrently from multiple hosts (e.g. by a
multi\-host/cluster application or file system), the LV can be activated
on multiple hosts concurrently using a shared lock.
In a shared VG, activation changes involve locking through lvmlockd, and
the following values are possible with lvchange/vgchange -a:
To activate the LV with a shared lock: lvchange \-asy vg/lv.
.IP \fBy\fP|\fBey\fP
The command activates the LV in exclusive mode, allowing a single host
to activate the LV. Before activating the LV, the command uses lvmlockd
to acquire an exclusive lock on the LV. If the lock cannot be acquired,
the LV is not activated and an error is reported. This would happen if
the LV is active on another host.
With lvmlockd, an unspecified activation mode is always exclusive, i.e.
\-ay defaults to \-aey.
If the LV type does not allow the LV to be used concurrently from multiple
hosts, then a shared activation lock is not allowed and the lvchange
command will report an error. LV types that cannot be used concurrently
.IP \fBsy\fP
The command activates the LV in shared mode, allowing multiple hosts to
activate the LV concurrently. Before activating the LV, the
command uses lvmlockd to acquire a shared lock on the LV. If the lock
cannot be acquired, the LV is not activated and an error is reported.
This would happen if the LV is active exclusively on another host. If the
LV type prohibits shared access, such as a snapshot, the command will
report an error and fail.
The shared mode is intended for a multi\-host/cluster application or
file system.
LV types that cannot be used concurrently
from multiple hosts include thin, cache, raid, mirror, and snapshot.
lvextend on LV with shared locks is not yet allowed. The LV must be
deactivated, or activated exclusively to run lvextend.
.IP \fBn\fP
The command deactivates the LV. After deactivating the LV, the command
uses lvmlockd to release the current lock on the LV.
.SS recover from lost PV holding sanlock locks

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lvmsadc is not currently supported in LVM. The device-mapper statistics
facility provides similar performance metrics using the \fBdmstats(8)\fP
command.

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.TH "LVMSADC" "8" "LVM TOOLS #VERSION#" "Red Hat, Inc" "\""
.SH "NAME"
lvmsadc \(em LVM system activity data collector
.SH "SYNOPSIS"
.B lvmsadc
.SH "DESCRIPTION"
lvmsadc is not currently supported under LVM2: the device-mapper statistics
facility provides similar performance metrics using the \fBdmstats(8)\fP
command.
.SH "SEE ALSO"
.BR dmstats (8)
.BR lvm (8)

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lvmsar is not currently supported in LVM. The device-mapper statistics
facility provides similar performance metrics using the \fBdmstats(8)\fP
command.

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.TH "LVMSAR" "8" "LVM TOOLS #VERSION#" "Red Hat, Inc" "\""
.SH "NAME"
lvmsar \(em LVM system activity reporter
.SH "SYNOPSIS"
.B lvmsar
.SH "DESCRIPTION"
lvmsar is not currently supported under LVM2: the device-mapper statistics
facility provides similar performance metrics using the \fBdmstats(8)\fP
command.
.SH "SEE ALSO"
.BR dmstats (8)
.BR lvm (8)

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lvreduce reduces the size of an LV. The freed logical extents are returned
to the VG to be used by other LVs. A copy\-on\-write snapshot LV can also
be reduced if less space is needed to hold COW blocks. Use
\fBlvconvert\fP(8) to change the number of data images in a RAID or
mirrored LV.
Be careful when reducing an LV's size, because data in the reduced area is
lost. Ensure that any file system on the LV is resized \fBbefore\fP
running lvreduce so that the removed extents are not in use by the file
system.
Sizes will be rounded if necessary. For example, the LV size must be an
exact number of extents, and the size of a striped segment must be a
multiple of the number of stripes.

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.SH EXAMPLES
Reduce the size of an LV by 3 logical extents:
.br
.B lvreduce \-l \-3 vg00/lvol1

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.TH LVREDUCE 8 "LVM TOOLS #VERSION#" "Sistina Software UK" \" -*- nroff -*-
.SH NAME
lvreduce \(em reduce the size of a logical volume
.SH SYNOPSIS
.B lvreduce
.RB [ \-A | \-\-autobackup
.RI { y | n }]
.RB [ \-\-commandprofile
.IR ProfileName ]
.RB [ \-d | \-\-debug ]
.RB [ \-h | \-\-help ]
.RB [ \-t | \-\-test ]
.RB [ \-v | \-\-verbose ]
.RB [ \-\-version ]
.RB [ \-f | \-\-force ]
.RB [ \-\-noudevsync ]
.RB { \-l | \-\-extents
.RI [ \- ] LogicalExtentsNumber [ % { VG | LV | FREE | ORIGIN }]
.RB |
.BR \-L | \-\-size
.RI [ \- ] LogicalVolumeSize [ bBsSkKmMgGtTpPeE ]}
.RB [ \-n | \-\-nofsck ]
.RB [ \-\-reportformat
.RB { basic | json }]
.RB [ \-r | \-\-resizefs ]
.IR LogicalVolume { Name | Path }
.SH DESCRIPTION
lvreduce allows you to reduce the size of a logical volume.
Be careful when reducing a logical volume's size, because data in the
reduced part is lost!!!
.br
You should therefore ensure that any filesystem on the volume is
resized
.I before
running lvreduce so that the extents that are to be removed are not in use.
.br
Shrinking snapshot logical volumes (see
.BR lvcreate (8)
for information to create snapshots) is supported as well.
But to change the number of copies in a mirrored logical
volume use
.BR lvconvert (8).
.br
Sizes will be rounded if necessary - for example, the volume size must
be an exact number of extents and the size of a striped segment must
be a multiple of the number of stripes.
.br
.SH OPTIONS
See \fBlvm\fP(8) for common options.
.TP
.BR \-f ", " \-\-force
Force size reduction without prompting even when it may cause data loss.
.TP
.IR \fB\-l ", " \fB\-\-extents " [" \- ] LogicalExtentsNumber [ % { VG | LV | FREE | ORIGIN }]
Reduce or set the logical volume size in units of logical extents.
With the \fI-\fP sign the value will be subtracted from
the logical volume's actual size and without it the value will be taken
as an absolute size.
The total number of physical extents freed will be greater than this logical
value if, for example, the volume is mirrored.
The number can also be expressed as a percentage of the total space
in the Volume Group with the suffix \fI%VG\fP, relative to the existing
size of the Logical Volume with the suffix \fI%LV\fP, as a percentage of the
remaining free space in the Volume Group with the suffix \fI%FREE\fP, or (for
a snapshot) as a percentage of the total space in the Origin Logical
Volume with the suffix \fI%ORIGIN\fP.
The resulting value for the subtraction is rounded downward, for the absolute
size it is rounded upward.
N.B. In a future release, when expressed as a percentage with VG or FREE, the
number will be treated as an approximate total number of physical extents to be
freed (including extents used by any mirrors, for example). The code may
currently release more space than you might otherwise expect.
.TP
.IR \fB\-L ", " \fB\-\-size " [" \- ] LogicalVolumeSize [ bBsSkKmMgGtTpPeE ]
Reduce or set the logical volume size in units of megabytes.
A size suffix of \fIk\fP for kilobyte, \fIm\fP for megabyte,
\fIg\fP for gigabytes, \fIt\fP for terabytes, \fIp\fP for petabytes
or \fIe\fP for exabytes is optional.
With the \fI\-\fP sign the value will be subtracted from
the logical volume's actual size and without it it will be taken as
an absolute size.
.TP
.BR \-n ", " \-\-nofsck
Do not perform fsck before resizing filesystem when filesystem
requires it. You may need to use \fB\-\-force\fR to proceed with
this option.
.TP
.BR \-\-noudevsync
Disable udev synchronisation. The
process will not wait for notification from udev.
It will continue irrespective of any possible udev processing
in the background. You should only use this if udev is not running
or has rules that ignore the devices LVM2 creates.
.TP
.BR \-r ", " \-\-resizefs
Resize underlying filesystem together with the logical volume using
.BR fsadm (8).
.SH Examples
Reduce the size of logical volume lvol1 in volume group vg00 by 3 logical extents:
.sp
.B lvreduce \-l \-3 vg00/lvol1
.SH SEE ALSO
.BR fsadm (8),
.BR lvchange (8),
.BR lvconvert (8),
.BR lvcreate (8),
.BR lvextend (8),
.BR lvm (8),
.BR lvresize (8),
.BR vgreduce (8)

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lvremove removes one or more LVs. For standard LVs, this returns the
logical extents that were used by the LV to the VG for use by other LVs.
Confirmation will be requested before deactivating any active LV prior to
removal. LVs cannot be deactivated or removed while they are open (e.g.
if they contain a mounted filesystem). Removing an origin LV will also
remove all dependent snapshots.
\fBHistorical LVs\fP
If the configuration setting \fBmetadata/record_lvs_history\fP is enabled
and the LV being removed forms part of the history of at least one LV that
is still present, then a simplified representation of the LV will be
retained. This includes the time of removal (\fBlv_time_removed\fP
reporting field), creation time (\fBlv_time\fP), name (\fBlv_name\fP), LV
uuid (\fBlv_uuid\fP) and VG name (\fBvg_name\fP). This allows later
reporting to see the ancestry chain of thin snapshot volumes, even after
some intermediate LVs have been removed. The names of such historical LVs
acquire a hyphen as a prefix (e.g. '-lvol1') and cannot be reactivated.
Use lvremove a second time, with the hyphen, to remove the record of the
former LV completely.

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.SH EXAMPLES
Remove an active LV without asking for confirmation.
.br
.B lvremove \-f vg00/lvol1
Remove all LVs the specified VG.
.br
.B lvremove vg00

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.TH LVREMOVE 8 "LVM TOOLS #VERSION#" "Sistina Software UK" \" -*- nroff -*-
.SH NAME
lvremove \(em remove a logical volume
.SH SYNOPSIS
.B lvremove
.RB [ \-A | \-\-autobackup
.RI { y | n }]
.RB [ \-\-commandprofile
.IR ProfileName ]
.RB [ \-d | \-\-debug ]
.RB [ \-h | \-\-help ]
.RB [ \-\-nohistory ]
.RB [ \-\-reportformat
.RB { basic | json }]
.RB [ \-S | \-\-select
.IR Selection ]
.RB [ \-t | \-\-test ]
.RB [ \-v | \-\-verbose ]
.RB [ \-\-version ]
.RB [ \-f | \-\-force ]
.RB [ \-\-noudevsync ]
.RI [ LogicalVolume { Name | Path }...]
.SH DESCRIPTION
lvremove removes one or more logical volumes.
Confirmation will be requested before deactivating any active logical
volume prior to removal. Logical volumes cannot be deactivated
or removed while they are open (e.g. if they contain a mounted filesystem).
Removing an origin logical volume will also remove all dependent snapshots.
.sp
If the logical volume is clustered then it must be deactivated on all
nodes in the cluster before it can be removed. A single lvchange command
issued from one node can do this.
.sp
If the configuration setting \fBmetadata/record_lvs_history\fP is enabled
and the logical volume being removed forms part of the history of at least
one logical volume that is still present then a simplified representation of
the logical volume will be retained. This includes the time of removal
(\fBlv_time_removed\fP reporting field), creation time (\fBlv_time\fP), name
(\fBlv_name\fP), LV uuid (\fBlv_uuid\fP) and VG name (\fBvg_name\fP) and
allows you to see the ancestry chain of thin snapshot volumes even after
some intermediate logical volumes have been removed.
The names of such historical logical volumes acquire a hyphen as a prefix
(e.g. '-lvol1') and cannot be reactivated. Use lvremove a second time,
with the hyphen, to remove the record of the former logical volume completely.
.SH OPTIONS
See \fBlvm\fP(8) for common options.
.TP
.BR \-f ", " \-\-force
Remove active logical volumes without confirmation.
Tool will try to deactivate \fIunused\fP volume.
To proceed with damaged pools use \-ff
.TP
.B \-\-nohistory
Disable the recording of history of logical volumes which are being removed.
(This has no effect unless the configuration setting
\fBmetadata/record_lvs_history\fP is enabled.)
.TP
.B \-\-noudevsync
Disable udev synchronisation. The
process will not wait for notification from udev.
It will continue irrespective of any possible udev processing
in the background. You should only use this if udev is not running
or has rules that ignore the devices LVM2 creates.
.SH Examples
Remove the active logical volume lvol1 in volume group vg00
without asking for confirmation:
.sp
.B lvremove \-f vg00/lvol1
.sp
Remove all logical volumes in volume group vg00:
.sp
.B lvremove vg00
.SH SEE ALSO
.BR lvcreate (8),
.BR lvdisplay (8),
.BR lvchange (8),
.BR lvm (8),
.BR lvs (8),
.BR lvscan (8),
.BR vgremove (8)

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lvrename renames an existing LV or a historical LV (see \fBlvremove\fP for
historical LV information.)

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.SH EXAMPLES
Rename "lvold" to "lvnew":
.br
.B lvrename /dev/vg02/lvold vg02/lvnew
An alternate syntax to rename "lvold" to "lvnew":
.br
.B lvrename vg02 lvold lvnew

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.TH LVRENAME 8 "LVM TOOLS #VERSION#" "Sistina Software UK" \" -*- nroff -*-
.SH NAME
lvrename \(em rename a logical volume
.SH SYNOPSIS
.B lvrename
.RB [ \-A | \-\-autobackup
.RI { y | n }]
.RB [ \-\-commandprofile
.IR ProfileName ]
.RB [ \-d | \-\-debug ]
.RB [ \-h | \-\-help ]
.RB [ \-t | \-\-test ]
.RB [ \-v | \-\-verbose ]
.RB [ \-\-version ]
.RB [ \-f | \-\-force ]
.RB [ \-\-noudevsync ]
.RB [ \-\-reportformat
.RB { basic | json }]
.RI { OldLogicalVolume { Name | Path }
.IR NewLogicalVolume { Name | Path }
|
.I VolumeGroupName OldLogicalVolumeName NewLogicalVolumeName\fR}
.SH DESCRIPTION
lvrename renames an existing logical volume or an existing
historical logical volume from
.IR OldLogicalVolume { Name | Path }
to
.IR NewLogicalVolume { Name | Path }.
.SH OPTIONS
See \fBlvm\fP(8) for common options.
.TP
.BR \-\-noudevsync
Disable udev synchronisation. The
process will not wait for notification from udev.
It will continue irrespective of any possible udev processing
in the background. You should only use this if udev is not running
or has rules that ignore the devices LVM2 creates.
.SH EXAMPLE
To rename lvold in volume group vg02 to lvnew:
.sp
.B lvrename /dev/vg02/lvold vg02/lvnew
.sp
An alternate syntax to rename this logical volume is:
.sp
.B lvrename vg02 lvold lvnew
.sp
.SH SEE ALSO
.BR lvm (8),
.BR lvchange (8),
.BR vgcreate (8),
.BR vgrename (8)

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lvresize resizes an LV in the same way as lvextend and lvreduce. See
\fBlvextend\fP(8) and \fBlvreduce\fP(8) for more information.

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.SH EXAMPLES
Extend an LV by 16MB using specific physical extents:
.br
.B lvresize \-L+16M vg1/lv1 /dev/sda:0\-1 /dev/sdb:0\-1

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.TH LVRESIZE 8 "LVM TOOLS #VERSION#" "Sistina Software UK" \" -*- nroff -*-
.SH NAME
lvresize \(em resize a logical volume
.SH SYNOPSIS
.B lvresize
.RB [ \-\-alloc " " \fIAllocationPolicy ]
.RB [ \-\-noudevsync ]
.RB [ \-\-commandprofile
.IR ProfileName ]
.RB [ \-i | \-\-stripes " " \fIStripes
.RB [ \-I | \-\-stripesize " " \fIStripeSize ]]
.RB { \-l | \-\-extents
.RI [ + | \- ] LogicalExtentsNumber [ % { VG | LV | PVS | FREE | ORIGIN "}] |"
.BR \-L | \-\-size
.RI [ + | \- ] LogicalVolumeSize [ bBsSkKmMgGtTpPeE ]}
.RB [ \-\-poolmetadatasize
.RI [ + ] MetadataVolumeSize [ bBsSkKmMgG ]]
.RB [ \-f | \-\-force ]
.RB [ \-n | \-\-nofsck ]
.RB [ \-\-reportformat
.RB { basic | json }]
.RB [ \-r | \-\-resizefs ]
.IR LogicalVolume { Name | Path }
.RI [ PhysicalVolumePath [ :PE [ \-PE ]]...]
.SH DESCRIPTION
lvresize allows you to resize a logical volume.
Be careful when reducing a logical volume's size, because data in the reduced
part is lost!!!
You should therefore ensure that any filesystem on the volume is
shrunk first so that the extents that are to be removed are not in use.
Resizing snapshot logical volumes (see
.BR lvcreate (8)
for information about creating snapshots) is supported as well.
But to change the number of copies in a mirrored logical
volume use
.BR lvconvert (8).
.SH OPTIONS
See \fBlvm\fP(8) for common options.
.TP
.BR \-f ", " \-\-force
Force resize without prompting even when it may cause data loss.
.TP
.BR \-n ", " \-\-nofsck
Do not perform fsck before resizing filesystem when filesystem
requires it. You may need to use \fB\-\-force\fR to proceed with
this option.
.TP
.BR \-r ", " \-\-resizefs
Resize underlying filesystem together with the logical volume using
\fBfsadm\fR(8).
.TP
.IR \fB\-l ", " \fB\-\-extents " [" + | \- ] LogicalExtentsNumber [ % { VG | LV | PVS | FREE | ORIGIN }]
Change or set the logical volume size in units of logical extents.
With the \fI+\fP or \fI\-\fP sign the value is added to or subtracted from the actual size
of the logical volume and without it, the value is taken as an absolute one.
The total number of physical extents affected will be
greater than this if, for example, the volume is mirrored.
The number can also be expressed as a percentage of the total space
in the Volume Group with the suffix \fI%VG\fP, relative to the existing
size of the Logical Volume with the suffix \fI%LV\fP, as a percentage of
the remaining free space of the PhysicalVolumes on the command line with the
suffix \fI%PVS\fP, as a percentage of the remaining free space in the
Volume Group with the suffix \fI%FREE\fP, or (for a snapshot) as a percentage
of the total space in the Origin Logical Volume with the suffix \fI%ORIGIN\fP.
The resulting value is rounded downward for the subtraction otherwise
it is rounded upward.
N.B. In a future release, when expressed as a percentage with PVS, VG or FREE,
the number will be treated as an approximate total number of physical extents
to be allocated or freed (including extents used by any mirrors, for example).
The code may currently allocate or remove more space than you might otherwise
expect.
.TP
.IR \fB\-L ", " \fB\-\-size " [" + | \- ] LogicalVolumeSize [ bBsSkKmMgGtTpPeE ]
Change or set the logical volume size in units of megabytes.
A size suffix of \fIM\fP for megabytes,
\fIG\fP for gigabytes, \fIT\fP for terabytes, \fIP\fP for petabytes
or \fIE\fP for exabytes is optional.
With the \fI+\fP or \fI\-\fP sign the value is added or subtracted
from the actual size of the logical volume and rounded
to the full extent size and without it,
the value is taken as an absolute one.
.TP
.BR \-i ", " \-\-stripes " " \fIStripes
Gives the number of stripes to use when extending a Logical Volume.
Defaults to whatever the last segment of the Logical Volume uses.
Not applicable to LVs using the original metadata LVM format, which must
use a single value throughout.
.TP
.IR \fB\-\-poolmetadatasize " [" + ] MetadataVolumeSize [ bBsSkKmMgG ]
Change or set the thin pool metadata logical volume size.
With the \fI+\fP sign the value is added to the actual size
of the metadata volume and rounded to the full extent size
and without it, the value is taken as an absolute one.
Maximal size is 16GiB. Default unit is megabytes.
.TP
.BR \-I ", " \-\-stripesize " " \fIStripeSize
Gives the number of kilobytes for the granularity of the stripes.
Defaults to whatever the last segment of the Logical Volume uses.
Not applicable to LVs using the original metadata LVM format, which
must use a single value throughout.
.br
StripeSize must be 2^n (n = 2 to 9) for metadata in LVM1 format.
For metadata in LVM2 format, the stripe size may be a larger
power of 2 but must not exceed the physical extent size.
.TP
.B \-\-noudevsync
Disable udev synchronisation. The
process will not wait for notification from udev.
It will continue irrespective of any possible udev processing
in the background. You should only use this if udev is not running
or has rules that ignore the devices LVM2 creates.
.SH EXAMPLES
.br
Extend a logical volume vg1/lv1 by 16MB using physical extents
/dev/sda:0\-1 and /dev/sdb:0\-1 for allocation of extents:
.sp
.B lvresize \-L+16M vg1/lv1 /dev/sda:0\-1 /dev/sdb:0\-1
.SH SEE ALSO
.BR fsadm (8),
.BR lvm (8),
.BR lvconvert (8),
.BR lvcreate (8),
.BR lvreduce (8),
.BR lvchange (8)

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lvs produces formatted output about LVs.

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.SH NOTES
.
The lv_attr bits are:
.IP 1 3
Volume type: (C)ache, (m)irrored, (M)irrored without initial sync, (o)rigin,
(O)rigin with merging snapshot, (r)aid, (R)aid without initial sync,
(s)napshot, merging (S)napshot, (p)vmove, (v)irtual,
mirror or raid (i)mage, mirror or raid (I)mage out-of-sync, mirror (l)og device,
under (c)onversion, thin (V)olume, (t)hin pool, (T)hin pool data, raid or
pool m(e)tadata or pool metadata spare.
.IP 2 3
Permissions: (w)riteable, (r)ead-only, (R)ead-only activation of non-read-only
volume
.IP 3 3
Allocation policy: (a)nywhere, (c)ontiguous, (i)nherited, c(l)ing, (n)ormal
This is capitalised if the volume is currently locked against allocation
changes, for example during
.BR pvmove (8).
.IP 4 3
fixed (m)inor
.IP 5 3
State: (a)ctive, (h)istorical, (s)uspended, (I)nvalid snapshot,
invalid (S)uspended snapshot, snapshot (m)erge failed,
suspended snapshot (M)erge failed, mapped (d)evice present without tables,
mapped device present with (i)nactive table, thin-pool (c)heck needed,
suspended thin-pool (C)heck needed, (X) unknown
.IP 6 3
device (o)pen, (X) unknown
.IP 7 3
Target type: (C)ache, (m)irror, (r)aid, (s)napshot, (t)hin, (u)nknown, (v)irtual.
This groups logical volumes related to the same kernel target together. So,
for example, mirror images, mirror logs as well as mirrors themselves appear as
(m) if they use the original device-mapper mirror kernel driver; whereas the raid
equivalents using the md raid kernel driver all appear as (r).
Snapshots using the original device-mapper driver appear as (s); whereas
snapshots of thin volumes using the new thin provisioning driver appear as (t).
.IP 8 3
Newly-allocated data blocks are overwritten with blocks of (z)eroes before use.
.IP 9 3
Volume Health, where there are currently three groups of attributes identified:
.IP
Common ones for all Logical Volumes: (p)artial, (X) unknown.
.br
(p)artial signifies that one or more of the Physical Volumes this Logical
Volume uses is missing from the system. (X) unknown signifies the status
is unknown.
.IP
Related to RAID Logical Volumes: (r)efresh needed, (m)ismatches exist, (w)ritemostly.
.br
(r)efresh signifies that one or more of the Physical Volumes this RAID Logical
Volume uses had suffered a write error. The write error could be due to a
temporary failure of that Physical Volume or an indication that it is failing.
The device should be refreshed or replaced. (m)ismatches signifies that the
RAID logical volume has portions of the array that are not coherent.
Inconsistencies are detected by initiating a "check" on a RAID logical volume.
(The scrubbing operations, "check" and "repair", can be performed on a RAID
logical volume via the 'lvchange' command.) (w)ritemostly signifies the
devices in a RAID 1 logical volume that have been marked write-mostly.
.IP
Related to Thin pool Logical Volumes: (F)ailed, out of (D)ata space,
(M)etadata read only.
.br
(F)ailed is set if thin pool encounters serious failures and hence no further I/O
is permitted at all. The out of (D)ata space is set if thin pool has run out of
data space. (M)etadata read only signifies that thin pool encounters certain
types of failures but it's still possible to do reads at least,
but no metadata changes are allowed.
.IP
Related to Thin Logical Volumes: (F)ailed.
.br
(F)ailed is set when related thin pool enters Failed state and no further I/O
is permitted at all.
.IP 10 3
s(k)ip activation: this volume is flagged to be skipped during activation.

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.TH LVS 8 "LVM TOOLS #VERSION#" "Sistina Software UK" \" -*- nroff -*-
.SH NAME
lvs \(em report information about logical volumes
.SH SYNOPSIS
.B lvs
.RB [ \-\-aligned ]
.RB [ \-\-binary ]
.RB [ \-a | \-\-all ]
.RB [ \-\-commandprofile
.IR ProfileName ]
.RB [[ \-\-configreport
.IR ReportName ]
.RB [ \-o | \-\-options
.RI [ + | \- | # ] Field1 [, Field2 ...]
.RB [ \-O | \-\-sort
.RI [ + | \- ] Key1 [, Key2 ...]]
.RB [ \-S | \-\-select
.IR Selection ]
.RB ...]
.RB [ \-d | \-\-debug ]
.RB [ \-h | \-? | \-\-help ]
.RB [ \-H | \-\-history ]
.RB [ \-\-ignorelockingfailure ]
.RB [ \-\-ignoreskippedcluster ]
.RB [ \-\-logonly ]
.RB [ \-\-nameprefixes ]
.RB [ \-\-noheadings ]
.RB [ \-\-nosuffix ]
.RI [ + | \- ] Key1 [,[ + | \- ] Key2 [,...]]]
.RB [ \-P | \-\-partial ]
.RB [ \-\-reportformat
.RB { basic | json }]
.RB [ \-\-rows ]
.RB [ \-\-separator
.IR Separator ]
.RB [ \-\-segments ]
.RB [ \-\-unbuffered ]
.RB [ \-\-units
.IR hHbBsSkKmMgGtTpPeE ]
.RB [ \-\-unquoted ]
.RB [ \-v | \-\-verbose ]
.RB [ \-\-version ]
.RI [ VolumeGroupName | LogicalVolume { Name | Path }
.RI [ VolumeGroupName | LogicalVolume { Name | Path }\ ...]]
.SH DESCRIPTION
lvs produces formatted output about logical volumes.
.SH OPTIONS
See
.BR lvm (8)
for common options.
.TP
.B \-\-aligned
Use with \fB\-\-separator\fP to align the output columns.
.TP
.B \-\-all
Include information in the output about internal Logical Volumes that
are components of normally-accessible Logical Volumes, such as mirrors,
but which are not independently accessible (e.g. not mountable).
The names of such Logical Volumes are enclosed within square brackets
in the output. For example, after creating a mirror using
.B lvcreate -m1 \-\-mirrorlog disk
, this option will reveal three internal Logical
Volumes, with suffixes mimage_0, mimage_1, and mlog.
.TP
.B \-\-binary
Use binary values "0" or "1" instead of descriptive literal values
for columns that have exactly two valid values to report (not counting
the "unknown" value which denotes that the value could not be determined).
.TP
.B \-\-configreport \fI ReportName
Make any subsequent \fB\-o, \-\-options\fP, \fB\-O, \-\-sort\fP or
\fB\-S, \-\-select\fP to apply for \fIReportName\fP where \fIReportName\fP
is either 'lv' for command's main report or 'log' for log report.
If \fB\-\-configreport\fP option is not used to identify a report, then
command's main report is assumed. The log report is available only if
enabled by \fBlog/report_command_log\fP \fBlvm.conf\fP(5) setting or
if \fB\-\-logonly\fP option is used.
.TP
.B \-H ", " \-\-history
Include historical logical volumes in the output.
(This has no effect unless logical volumes were removed while the configuration
setting \fBmetadata/record_lvs_history\fP was enabled.)
.TP
.B \-\-logonly
Suppress the lvs report itself and display only log report on output.
.TP
.B \-\-nameprefixes
Add an "LVM2_" prefix plus the field name to the output. Useful
with \fB\-\-noheadings\fP to produce a list of field=value pairs that can
be used to set environment variables (for example, in
.BR udev (7)
rules).
.TP
.B \-\-noheadings
Suppress the headings line that is normally the first line of output.
Useful if grepping the output.
.TP
.B \-\-nosuffix
Suppress the suffix on output sizes. Use with \fB\-\-units\fP
(except h and H) if processing the output.
.TP
.BR \-o ", " \-\-options
Comma-separated ordered list of columns.
.IP
Precede the list with '\fI+\fP' to append to the current list
of columns, '\fI-\fP' to remove from the current list of columns
or '\fI#\fP' to compact given columns. The \fI\-o\fP option can
be repeated, providing several lists. These lists are evaluated
from left to right.
.IP
Use \fB\-o lv_all\fP to select all logical volume columns,
and \fB\-o seg_all\fP
to select all logical volume segment columns.
.IP
Use \fB\-o help\fP to view the full list of columns available.
.IP
Column names include:
chunk_size,
convert_lv,
copy_percent,
data_lv,
devices,
discards,
lv_attr,
lv_host,
lv_kernel_major,
lv_kernel_minor,
lv_kernel_read_ahead,
lv_major,
lv_minor,
lv_name,
lv_path,
lv_profile,
lv_read_ahead,
lv_size,
lv_tags,
lv_time,
lv_uuid,
metadata_lv,
mirror_log,
modules,
move_pv,
origin,
origin_size,
pool_lv,
raid_max_recovery_rate,
raid_min_recovery_rate,
raid_mismatch_count,
raid_sync_action,
raid_write_behind,
region_size,
segtype,
seg_count,
seg_pe_ranges,
seg_size,
seg_size_pe,
seg_start,
seg_start_pe,
seg_tags,
snap_percent,
stripes,
stripe_size,
sync_percent,
thin_count,
transaction_id,
zero.
.IP
With \fB\-\-segments\fP, any "seg_" prefixes are optional;
otherwise any "lv_" prefixes are optional. Columns mentioned in
.BR vgs (8)
can also be chosen.
.IP
The lv_attr bits are:
.RS
.IP 1 3
Volume type: (C)ache, (m)irrored, (M)irrored without initial sync, (o)rigin,
(O)rigin with merging snapshot, (r)aid, (R)aid without initial sync,
(s)napshot, merging (S)napshot, (p)vmove, (v)irtual,
mirror or raid (i)mage, mirror or raid (I)mage out-of-sync, mirror (l)og device,
under (c)onversion, thin (V)olume, (t)hin pool, (T)hin pool data, raid or
pool m(e)tadata or pool metadata spare.
.IP 2 3
Permissions: (w)riteable, (r)ead-only, (R)ead-only activation of non-read-only
volume
.IP 3 3
Allocation policy: (a)nywhere, (c)ontiguous, (i)nherited, c(l)ing, (n)ormal
This is capitalised if the volume is currently locked against allocation
changes, for example during
.BR pvmove (8).
.IP 4 3
fixed (m)inor
.IP 5 3
State: (a)ctive, (h)istorical, (s)uspended, (I)nvalid snapshot,
invalid (S)uspended snapshot, snapshot (m)erge failed,
suspended snapshot (M)erge failed, mapped (d)evice present without tables,
mapped device present with (i)nactive table, thin-pool (c)heck needed,
suspended thin-pool (C)heck needed, (X) unknown
.IP 6 3
device (o)pen, (X) unknown
.IP 7 3
Target type: (C)ache, (m)irror, (r)aid, (s)napshot, (t)hin, (u)nknown, (v)irtual.
This groups logical volumes related to the same kernel target together. So,
for example, mirror images, mirror logs as well as mirrors themselves appear as
(m) if they use the original device-mapper mirror kernel driver; whereas the raid
equivalents using the md raid kernel driver all appear as (r).
Snapshots using the original device-mapper driver appear as (s); whereas
snapshots of thin volumes using the new thin provisioning driver appear as (t).
.IP 8 3
Newly-allocated data blocks are overwritten with blocks of (z)eroes before use.
.IP 9 3
Volume Health, where there are currently three groups of attributes identified:
.IP
Common ones for all Logical Volumes: (p)artial, (X) unknown.
.br
(p)artial signifies that one or more of the Physical Volumes this Logical
Volume uses is missing from the system. (X) unknown signifies the status
is unknown.
.IP
Related to RAID Logical Volumes: (r)efresh needed, (m)ismatches exist, (w)ritemostly.
.br
(r)efresh signifies that one or more of the Physical Volumes this RAID Logical
Volume uses had suffered a write error. The write error could be due to a
temporary failure of that Physical Volume or an indication that it is failing.
The device should be refreshed or replaced. (m)ismatches signifies that the
RAID logical volume has portions of the array that are not coherent.
Inconsistencies are detected by initiating a "check" on a RAID logical volume.
(The scrubbing operations, "check" and "repair", can be performed on a RAID
logical volume via the 'lvchange' command.) (w)ritemostly signifies the
devices in a RAID 1 logical volume that have been marked write-mostly.
.IP
Related to Thin pool Logical Volumes: (F)ailed, out of (D)ata space,
(M)etadata read only.
.br
(F)ailed is set if thin pool encounters serious failures and hence no further I/O
is permitted at all. The out of (D)ata space is set if thin pool has run out of
data space. (M)etadata read only signifies that thin pool encounters certain
types of failures but it's still possible to do reads at least,
but no metadata changes are allowed.
.IP
Related to Thin Logical Volumes: (F)ailed.
.br
(F)ailed is set when related thin pool enters Failed state and no further I/O
is permitted at all.
.IP 10 3
s(k)ip activation: this volume is flagged to be skipped during activation.
.RE
.TP
.BR \-O ", " \-\-sort
Comma-separated ordered list of columns to sort by. Replaces the default
selection. Precede any column with '\fI\-\fP' for a reverse sort on that column.
.TP
.B \-\-rows
Output columns as rows.
.TP
.BR \-S ", " \-\-select " " \fISelection
Display only rows that match Selection criteria. All rows are displayed with
the additional "selected" column (\fB-o selected\fP) showing 1 if the row
matches the Selection and 0 otherwise. The Selection criteria are defined
by specifying column names and their valid values (that can include reserved
values) while making use of supported comparison operators. See \fBlvm\fP(8)
and \fB\-S\fP, \fB\-\-select\fP description for more detailed information
about constructing the Selection criteria. As a quick help and to see full
list of column names that can be used in Selection including the list of
reserved values and the set of supported selection operators, check the
output of \fBlvs -S help\fP command.
.TP
.B \-\-segments
Use default columns that emphasize segment information.
.TP
.B \-\-separator \fISeparator
String to use to separate each column. Useful if grepping the output.
.TP
.B \-\-unbuffered
Produce output immediately without sorting or aligning the columns properly.
.TP
.B \-\-units \fIhHbBsSkKmMgGtTpPeE
All sizes are output in these units: (h)uman-readable, (b)ytes, (s)ectors,
(k)ilobytes, (m)egabytes, (g)igabytes, (t)erabytes, (p)etabytes, (e)xabytes.
Capitalise to use multiples of 1000 (S.I.) instead of 1024. Can also specify
custom units e.g. \fB\-\-units 3M\fP
.TP
.B \-\-unquoted
When used with \fB\-\-nameprefixes\fP, output values in the field=value
pairs are not quoted.
.SH SEE ALSO
.BR lvm (8),
.BR lvdisplay (8),
.BR pvs (8),
.BR vgs (8)

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lvscan scans all VGs or all supported LVM block devices in the system for
LVs. The output consists of one line for each LV indicating whether or not
it is active, a snapshot or origin, the size of the device and its
allocation policy. Use \fBlvs\fP(8) or \fBlvdisplay\fP(8) to obtain more
comprehensive information about LVs.

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.TH LVSCAN 8 "LVM TOOLS #VERSION#" "Sistina Software UK" \" -*- nroff -*-
.SH NAME
lvscan \(em scan (all disks) for Logical Volumes
.SH SYNOPSIS
.B lvscan
.RB [ \-a | \-\-all]
.RB [ \-b | \-\-blockdevice ]
.RB [ \-\-commandprofile
.IR ProfileName ]
.RB [ \-d | \-\-debug ]
.RB [ \-h | \-\-help ]
.RB [ \-\-ignorelockingfailure ]
.RB [ \-P | \-\-partial ]
.RB [ \-\-reportformat
.RB { basic | json }]
.RB [ \-v | \-\-verbose ]
.SH DESCRIPTION
lvscan scans all known volume groups or all supported LVM block devices
in the system for defined Logical Volumes. The output consists
of one line for each Logical Volume indicating whether or not it is active,
a snapshot or origin, the size of the device and its allocation policy.
Use \fBlvs\fP(8) or \fBlvdisplay\fP(8) to obtain more-comprehensive
information about the Logical Volumes.
.SH OPTIONS
See \fBlvm\fP(8) for common options.
.TP
.BR \-\-all
Include information in the output about internal Logical Volumes that
are components of normally-accessible Logical Volumes, such as mirrors,
but which are not independently accessible (e.g. not mountable).
For example, after creating a mirror using
.B lvcreate \-m1 \-\-mirrorlog disk\fR,
this option will reveal three internal Logical Volumes, with suffixes
mimage_0, mimage_1, and mlog.
.TP
.BR \-b ", " \-\-blockdevice
This option is now ignored. Instead, use \fBlvs\fP(8) or
\fBlvdisplay\fP(8) to obtain the device number.
.TP
.IR \fB\-\-cache " " LogicalVolume
Applicable only when \fBlvmetad\fP(8) is in use (see also \fBlvm.conf\fP(5),
global/use_lvmetad). This command issues a rescan of physical volume labels and
metadata areas of all PVs that the logical volume uses. In particular, this can
be used when a RAID logical volume becomes degraded, to update information
about physical volume availability. This is only necessary if the logical
volume is \fBnot\fP being monitored by dmeventd (see \fBlvchange\fP(8), option
\fB\-\-monitor\fP).
.SH SEE ALSO
.BR lvm (8),
.BR lvcreate (8),
.BR lvdisplay (8)
.BR lvs (8)

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pvchange changes PV attributes in the VG.

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.SH EXAMPLES
Disallow the allocation of physical extents on a PV (e.g. because of
disk errors, or because it will be removed after freeing it).
.br
.B pvchange \-x n /dev/sdk1

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.TH PVCHANGE 8 "LVM TOOLS #VERSION#" "Sistina Software UK" \" -*- nroff -*-
.SH NAME
pvchange \(em change attributes of a physical volume
.SH SYNOPSIS
.B pvchange
.RB [ \-\-addtag
.IR Tag ]
.RB [ \-A | \-\-autobackup
.RI { y | n }]
.RB [ \-\-commandprofile
.IR ProfileName ]
.RB [ \-d | \-\-debug ]
.RB [ \-f | \-\-force ]
.RB [ \-\-deltag
.IR Tag ]
.RB [ \-\-metadataignore
.RI { y | n }]
.RB [ \-h | \-? | \-\-help ]
.RB [ \-\-reportformat
.RB { basic | json }]
.RB [ \-S | \-\-select
.IR Selection ]
.RB [ \-t | \-\-test ]
.RB [ \-v | \-\-verbose ]
.RB [ \-a | \-\-all ]
.RB [ \-x | \-\-allocatable
.RI { y | n }]
.RB [ \-u | \-\-uuid ]
.RI [ PhysicalVolumePath ...]
.SH DESCRIPTION
pvchange allows you to change the allocation permissions of one or
more physical volumes.
.SH OPTIONS
See \fBlvm\fP(8) for common options.
.TP
.BR \-a ", " \-\-all
If PhysicalVolumePath is not specified on the command line all
physical volumes are searched for and used.
.TP
.BR \-\-metadataignore " {" \fIy | \fIn }
Ignore or un-ignore metadata areas on this physical volume.
If metadata areas on a physical volume are ignored, LVM will
not not store metadata in the metadata areas present on this Physical
Volume.
.TP
.BR \-u ", " \-\-uuid
Generate new random UUID for specified physical volumes.
.TP
.BR \-x ", " \-\-allocatable " {" \fIy | \fIn }
Enable or disable allocation of physical extents on this physical volume.
.SH Example
Disallows the allocation of physical extents on this physical volume
(possibly because of disk errors, or because it will be removed after
freeing it:
.sp
.B pvchange \-x n /dev/sdk1
.SH SEE ALSO
.BR lvm (8),
.BR pvcreate (8)

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pvck checks the LVM metadata for consistency on PVs.

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.SH EXAMPLES
If the partition table is corrupted or lost on /dev/sda, and you suspect
there was an LVM partition at approximately 100 MiB, then this
area of the disk can be scanned using the \fB\-\-labelsector\fP
parameter with a value of 204800 (100 * 1024 * 1024 / 512 = 204800).
.br
.B pvck \-\-labelsector 204800 /dev/sda

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.TH PVCK 8 "LVM TOOLS #VERSION#" "Sistina Software UK" \" -*- nroff -*-
.SH NAME
pvck \(em check physical volume metadata
.SH SYNOPSIS
.B pvck
.RB [ \-\-commandprofile
.IR ProfileName ]
.RB [ \-d | \-\-debug ]
.RB [ \-h | \-\-help ]
.RB [ \-v | \-\-verbose ]
.RB [ \-\-labelsector
.IR sector ]
.I PhysicalVolume
.RI [ PhysicalVolume ...]
.SH DESCRIPTION
pvck checks physical volume LVM metadata for consistency.
.SH OPTIONS
See \fBlvm\fP(8) for common options.
.TP
.B \-\-labelsector \fIsector
By default, 4 sectors of \fBPhysicalVolume\fP are scanned for an LVM label,
starting at sector 0. This parameter allows you to specify a different
starting sector for the scan and is useful for recovery situations. For
example, suppose the partition table is corrupted or lost on /dev/sda,
but you suspect there was an LVM partition at approximately 100 MiB. This
area of the disk may be scanned by using the \fB\-\-labelsector\fP parameter
with a value of 204800 (100 * 1024 * 1024 / 512 = 204800):
.sp
.B pvck \-\-labelsector 204800 /dev/sda
.sp
Note that a script can be used with \fB\-\-labelsector\fP to automate the
process of finding LVM labels.
.SH SEE ALSO
.BR lvm (8),
.BR pvcreate (8),
.BR pvscan (8)
.BR vgck (8)

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pvcreate initializes a PV so that it is recognized as belonging to LVM,
and allows the PV to be used in a VG. A PV can be a disk partition, whole
disk, meta device, or loopback file.
For DOS disk partitions, the partition id should be set to 0x8e using
.BR fdisk (8),
.BR cfdisk (8),
or a equivalent. For GUID Partition Table (GPT), the id is
E6D6D379-F507-44C2-A23C-238F2A3DF928. For
whole disk devices only
the partition table must be erased, which will effectively destroy all
data on that disk. This can be done by zeroing the first sector with:
.BI "dd if=/dev/zero of=" PhysicalVolume " bs=512 count=1"
Use \fBvgcreate\fP(8) to create a new VG on the PV, or \fBvgextend\fP(8)
to add the PV to existing VG.

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.SH EXAMPLES
Initialize a partition and a full device.
.br
.B pvcreate /dev/sdc4 /dev/sde
If a device is a 4KiB sector drive that compensates for windows
partitioning (sector 7 is the lowest aligned logical block, the 4KiB
sectors start at LBA -1, and consequently sector 63 is aligned on a 4KiB
boundary) manually account for this when initializing for use by LVM.
.br
.B pvcreate \-\-dataalignmentoffset 7s /dev/sdb

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.TH PVCREATE 8 "LVM TOOLS #VERSION#" "Sistina Software UK" \" -*- nroff -*-
.SH NAME
pvcreate \(em initialize a disk or partition for use by LVM
.SH SYNOPSIS
.B pvcreate
.RB [ \-\-commandprofile
.IR ProfileName ]
.RB [ \-d | \-\-debug ]
.RB [ \-h | \-\-help ]
.RB [ \-t | \-\-test ]
.RB [ \-v | \-\-verbose ]
.RB [ \-\-version ]
.RB [ \-f [ f ]| \-\-force
.RB [ \-\-force ]]
.RB [ \-y | \-\-yes ]
.RB [ \-\-labelsector ]
.RB [ \-\-bootloaderareasize
.IR size ]
.RB [ \-M | \-\-metadatatype
.IR type ]
.RB [ \-\- [ pv ] metadatacopies
.IR NumberOfCopies ]
.RB [ \-\-metadatasize
.IR size ]
.RB [ \-\-metadataignore
.RI { y | n }]
.RB [ \-\-dataalignment
.IR alignment ]
.RB [ \-\-dataalignmentoffset
.IR alignment_offset ]
.RB [ \-\-restorefile
.IR file ]
.RB [ \-\-norestorefile ]
.RB [ \-\-reportformat
.RB { basic | json }]
.RB [ \-\-setphysicalvolumesize
.IR size ]
.RB [ \-u | \-\-uuid
.IR uuid ]
.RB [ \-Z | \-\-zero
.RI { y | n }]
.I PhysicalVolume
.RI [ PhysicalVolume ...]
.SH DESCRIPTION
pvcreate initializes
.I PhysicalVolume
for later use by the Logical Volume Manager (LVM). Each
.I PhysicalVolume
can be a disk partition, whole disk, meta device, or loopback file.
For DOS disk partitions, the partition id should be set to 0x8e using
.BR fdisk (8),
.BR cfdisk (8),
or a equivalent. For GUID Partition Table (GPT), the id is
E6D6D379-F507-44C2-A23C-238F2A3DF928. For
.B whole disk devices only
the partition table must be erased, which will effectively destroy all
data on that disk. This can be done by zeroing the first sector with:
.sp
.BI "dd if=/dev/zero of=" PhysicalVolume " bs=512 count=1"
.sp
Continue with
.BR vgcreate (8)
to create a new volume group on
.IR PhysicalVolume ,
or
.BR vgextend (8)
to add
.I PhysicalVolume
to an existing volume group.
.SH OPTIONS
See \fBlvm\fP(8) for common options.
.TP
.BR \-f ", " \-\-force
Force the creation without any confirmation. You can not recreate
(reinitialize) a physical volume belonging to an existing volume group.
In an emergency you can override this behaviour with \fB-ff\fP.
.TP
.BR \-u ", " \-\-uuid " " \fIuuid
Specify the uuid for the device.
Without this option, \fBpvcreate\fP(8) generates a random uuid.
All of your physical volumes must have unique uuids.
You need to use this option before restoring a backup of LVM metadata
onto a replacement device - see \fBvgcfgrestore\fP(8). As such, use of
\fB\-\-restorefile\fP is compulsory unless the \fB\-\-norestorefile\fP is
used.
.TP
.BR \-y ", " \-\-yes
Answer yes to all questions.
.TP
.BR \-Z ", " \-\-zero " {" \fIy | \fIn }
Whether or not the first 4 sectors (2048 bytes) of the device should be
wiped.
If this option is not given, the
default is to wipe these sectors unless either or both of the
\fB\-\-restorefile\fP or \fB\-\-uuid\fP options were specified.
.SH NEW METADATA OPTIONS
LVM2 introduces a new format for storing metadata on disk.
This new format is more efficient and resilient than the format the
original version of LVM used and offers the advanced user greater
flexibility and control.
.P
The new format may be selected on the command line with \fB\-M2\fP or by
setting \fBformat = "lvm2"\fP in the \fBglobal\fP section of \fBlvm.conf\fP(5).
Each physical volume in the same volume group must use the same format, but
different volume groups on a machine may use different formats
simultaneously: the tools can handle both formats.
Additional formats can be added as shared libraries.
.P
Additional tools for manipulating the locations and sizes of metadata areas
will be written in due course. Use the verbose/debug options on the tools
to see where the metadata areas are placed.
.TP
.B \-\-metadatasize \fIsize
The approximate amount of space to be set aside for each metadata area.
(The size you specify may get rounded.)
.TP
.B \-\-dataalignment \fIalignment
Align the start of the data to a multiple of this number.
You should also specify an appropriate \fIPhysicalExtentSize\fP when creating
the Volume Group with \fBvgcreate\fP.
.sp
To see the location of the first Physical Extent of an existing Physical Volume
use \fBpvs \-o +pe_start\fP . It will be a multiple of the requested
alignment. In addition it may be shifted by \fIalignment_offset\fP from
\fIdata_alignment_offset_detection\fP (if enabled in \fBlvm.conf\fP(5)) or
\fB\-\-dataalignmentoffset\fP.
.TP
.B \-\-dataalignmentoffset \fIalignment_offset
Shift the start of the data area by this additional \fIalignment_offset\fP.
.TP
.BR \-\- [ pv ] metadatacopies " " \fINumberOfCopies
The number of metadata areas to set aside on each PV. Currently
this can be 0, 1 or 2.
If set to 2, two copies of the volume group metadata
are held on the PV, one at the front of the PV and one at the end.
If set to 1 (the default), one copy is kept at the front of the PV
(starting in the 5th sector).
If set to 0, no copies are kept on this PV - you might wish to use this
with VGs containing large numbers of PVs. But if you do this and
then later use \fBvgsplit\fP(8) you must ensure that each VG is still going
to have a suitable number of copies of the metadata after the split!
.TP
.BR \-\-metadataignore " {" \fIy | \fIn }
Ignore or un-ignore metadata areas on this physical volume.
The default is "n". This setting can be changed with \fBpvchange\fP.
If metadata areas on a physical volume are ignored, LVM will
not store metadata in the metadata areas present on this Physical
Volume. Metadata areas cannot be created or extended after Logical
Volumes have been allocated on the device. If you do not want to store
metadata on this device, it is still wise always to allocate a metadata
area in case you need it in the future and to use this option to instruct
LVM2 to ignore it.
.TP
.B \-\-restorefile \fIfile
In conjunction with \fB\-\-uuid\fP, this extracts the location and size
of the data on the PV from the file (produced by \fBvgcfgbackup\fP)
and ensures that the metadata that the program produces is consistent
with the contents of the file i.e. the physical extents will be in
the same place and not get overwritten by new metadata. This provides
a mechanism to upgrade the metadata format or to add/remove metadata
areas. Use with care. See also \fBvgconvert\fP(8).
.TP
.B \-\-norestorefile
In conjunction with \fB\-\-uuid\fP, this allows a \fIuuid\fP to be specified
without also requiring that a backup of the metadata be provided.
.TP
.B \-\-labelsector \fIsector
By default the PV is labelled with an LVM2 identifier in its second
sector (sector 1). This lets you use a different sector near the
start of the disk (between 0 and 3 inclusive - see LABEL_SCAN_SECTORS
in the source). Use with care.
.TP
.B \-\-bootloaderareasize \fIsize
Create a separate bootloader area of specified size besides PV's data
area. The bootloader area is an area of reserved space on the PV from
which LVM2 will not allocate any extents and it's kept untouched. This is
primarily aimed for use with bootloaders to embed their own data or metadata.
The start of the bootloader area is always aligned, see also \fB\-\-dataalignment\fP
and \fB\-\-dataalignmentoffset\fP. The bootloader area size may eventually
end up increased due to the alignment, but it's never less than the
size that is requested. To see the bootloader area start and size of
an existing Physical Volume use \fBpvs \-o +pv_ba_start,pv_ba_size\fP.
.TP
.B \-\-setphysicalvolumesize \fIsize
Overrides the automatically-detected size of the PV. Use with care.
.SH Examples
Initialize partition #4 on the third SCSI disk and the entire fifth
SCSI disk for later use by LVM:
.sp
.B pvcreate /dev/sdc4 /dev/sde
If the 2nd SCSI disk is a 4KiB sector drive that compensates for windows
partitioning (sector 7 is the lowest aligned logical block, the 4KiB
sectors start at LBA -1, and consequently sector 63 is aligned on a 4KiB
boundary) manually account for this when initializing for use by LVM:
.sp
.B pvcreate \-\-dataalignmentoffset 7s /dev/sdb
.SH SEE ALSO
.BR lvm.conf (5),
.BR lvm (8),
.BR vgcreate (8),
.BR vgextend (8),
.BR lvcreate (8),
.BR cfdisk (8),
.BR fdisk (8),
.BR losetup (8),
.BR mdadm (8),
.BR vgcfgrestore (8),
.BR vgconvert (8)

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pvdisplay shows the attributes of PVs, like size, physical extent size,
space used for the VG descriptor area, etc.
\fBpvs\fP(8) is a preferred alternative that shows the same information
and more, using a more compact and configurable output format.

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.TH PVDISPLAY 8 "LVM TOOLS #VERSION#" "Sistina Software UK" \" -*- nroff -*-
.SH NAME
pvdisplay \- display attributes of a physical volume
.SH SYNOPSIS
.B pvdisplay
.RB [ \-c | \-\-colon ]
.RB [ \-\-commandprofile
.IR ProfileName ]
.RB [ \-d | \-\-debug ]
.RB [ \-h | \-? | \-\-help ]
.RB [ \-\-ignorelockingfailure ]
.RB [ \-\-ignoreskippedcluster ]
.RB [ \-\-maps ]
.RB [ \-\-nosuffix ]
.RB [ \-\-reportformat
.RB { basic | json }]
.RB [ \-s | \-\-short ]
.RB [ \-S | \-\-select
.IR Selection ]
.RB [ \-\-units
.IR hsbkmgtHKMGT ]
.RB [ \-v [ v ]| \-\-verbose
.RB [ \-\-verbose ]]
.RB [ \-\-version ]
.RI [ PhysicalVolumePath ...]
.br
.br
.B pvdisplay
.BR \-C | \-\-columns
.RB [ \-\-aligned ]
.RB [ \-\-binary ]
.RB [ \-a | \-\-all ]
.RB [ \-\-commandprofile
.RB [[ \-\-configreport
.IR ReportName ]
.RB [ \-o | \-\-options
.RI [ + | \- | # ] Field1 [, Field2 ...]
.RB [ \-O | \-\-sort
.RI [ + | \- ] Key1 [, Key2 ...]]
.RB [ \-S | \-\-select
.IR Selection ]
.RB ...]
.IR ProfileName ]
.RB [ \-d | \-\-debug ]
.RB [ \-h | \-? | \-\-help ]
.RB [ \-\-ignorelockingfailure ]
.RB [ \-\-logonly ]
.RB [ \-\-noheadings ]
.RB [ \-\-nosuffix ]
.RB [ \-\-reportformat
.RB { basic | json }]
.RB [ \-\-separator
.IR Separator ]
.RB [ \-\-unbuffered ]
.RB [ \-\-units
.IR hHbBsSkKmMgGtTpPeE ]
.RB [ \-v [ v ]| \-\-verbose
.RB [ \-\-verbose ]]
.RB [ \-\-version ]
.RI [ PhysicalVolumePath ...]
.SH DESCRIPTION
pvdisplay allows you to see the attributes of one or more physical volumes
like size, physical extent size, space used for the volume group descriptor
area and so on.
.P
\fBpvs\fP(8) is an alternative that provides the same information
in the style of \fBps\fP(1).
.SH OPTIONS
See \fBlvm\fP(8) for common options.
.TP
.BR \-C ", " \-\-columns
Display output in columns, the equivalent of \fBpvs\fP(8). See
\fBpvs\fP(8) for a description of other options with this form of
\fBpvdisplay\fP.
.TP
.BR \-c ", " \-\-colon
Generate colon separated output for easier parsing in scripts or programs.
N.B. \fBpvs\fP(8) provides considerably more control over the output.
.nf
The values are:
\(bu physical volume device name
\(bu volume group name
\(bu physical volume size in sectors
\(bu internal physical volume number (obsolete)
\(bu physical volume status
\(bu physical volume (not) allocatable
\(bu current number of logical volumes on this physical volume
\(bu physical extent size in kilobytes
\(bu total number of physical extents
\(bu free number of physical extents
\(bu allocated number of physical extents
.fi
.TP
.BR \-s ", " \-\-short
Only display the size of the given physical volumes.
.TP
.BR \-m ", " \-\-maps
Display the mapping of physical extents to logical volumes and
logical extents.
.SH SEE ALSO
.BR lvm (8),
.BR pvs (8),
.BR pvcreate (8),
.BR lvcreate (8),
.BR vgcreate (8)

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pvmove moves the allocated physical extents (PEs) on a source PV to one or
more destination PVs. You can optionally specify a source LV in which
case only extents used by that LV will be moved to free (or specified)
extents on the destination PV. If no destination PV is specified, the
normal allocation rules for the VG are used.
If pvmove is interrupted for any reason (e.g. the machine crashes) then
run pvmove again without any PV arguments to restart any operations that
were in progress from the last checkpoint. Alternatively, use the abort
option at any time to abort the operation. The resulting location of LVs
after an abort depends on whether the atomic option was used.
More than one pvmove can run concurrently if they are moving data from
different source PVs, but additional pvmoves will ignore any LVs already
in the process of being changed, so some data might not get moved.
pvmove works as follows:
1. A temporary 'pvmove' LV is created to store details of all the data
movements required.
2. Every LV in the VG is searched for contiguous data that need moving
according to the command line arguments.
For each piece of data found, a new segment is added to the end of the
pvmove LV.
This segment takes the form of a temporary mirror to copy the data
from the original location to a newly allocated location.
The original LV is updated to use the new temporary mirror segment
in the pvmove LV instead of accessing the data directly.
3. The VG metadata is updated on disk.
4. The first segment of the pvmove LV is activated and starts to mirror
the first part of the data. Only one segment is mirrored at once as this
is usually more efficient.
5. A daemon repeatedly checks progress at the specified time interval.
When it detects that the first temporary mirror is in sync, it breaks that
mirror so that only the new location for that data gets used and writes a
checkpoint into the VG metadata on disk. Then it activates the mirror for
the next segment of the pvmove LV.
6. When there are no more segments left to be mirrored, the temporary LV
is removed and the VG metadata is updated so that the LVs reflect the new
data locations.
Note that this new process cannot support the original LVM1
type of on-disk metadata. Metadata can be converted using
\fBvgconvert\fP(8).
If the \fB\-\-atomic\fP option is used, a slightly different approach is
used for the move. Again, a temporary 'pvmove' LV is created to store the
details of all the data movements required. This temporary LV contains
all the segments of the various LVs that need to be moved. However, in
this case, an identical LV is allocated that contains the same number of
segments and a mirror is created to copy the contents from the first
temporary LV to the second. After a complete copy is made, the temporary
LVs are removed, leaving behind the segments on the destination PV. If an
abort is issued during the move, all LVs being moved will remain on the
source PV.

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.SH EXAMPLES
Move all physical extents that are used by simple LVs on the specified PV to
free physical extents elsewhere in the VG.
.br
.B pvmove /dev/sdb1
Use a specific destination PV when moving physical extents.
.br
.B pvmove /dev/sdb1 /dev/sdc1
Move extents belonging to a single LV.
.br
.B pvmove \-n lvol1 /dev/sdb1 /dev/sdc1
Rather than moving the contents of an entire device, it is possible to
move a range of physical extents, for example numbers 1000 to 1999
inclusive on the specified PV.
.br
.B pvmove /dev/sdb1:1000\-1999
A range of physical extents to move can be specified as start+length. For
example, starting from PE 1000. (Counting starts from 0, so this refers to the
1001st to the 2000th PE inclusive.)
.br
.B pvmove /dev/sdb1:1000+1000
Move a range of physical extents to a specific PV (which must have
sufficient free extents).
.br
.B pvmove /dev/sdb1:1000\-1999 /dev/sdc1
Move a range of physical extents to specific new extents on a new PV.
.br
.B pvmove /dev/sdb1:1000\-1999 /dev/sdc1:0\-999
If the source and destination are on the same disk, the
\fBanywhere\fP allocation policy is needed.
.br
.B pvmove \-\-alloc anywhere /dev/sdb1:1000\-1999 /dev/sdb1:0\-999
The part of a specific LV present within in a range of physical
extents can also be picked out and moved.
.br
.B pvmove \-n lvol1 /dev/sdb1:1000\-1999 /dev/sdc1

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.TH PVMOVE 8 "LVM TOOLS #VERSION#" "Sistina Software UK" \" -*- nroff -*-
.SH NAME
pvmove \(em move physical extents
.SH SYNOPSIS
.B pvmove
.RB [ \-\-abort ]
.RB [ \-\-alloc
.IR AllocationPolicy ]
.RB [ \-\-atomic ]
.RB [ \-b | \-\-background ]
.RB [ \-\-commandprofile
.IR ProfileName ]
.RB [ \-d | \-\-debug ]
.RB [ \-h | \-\-help ]
.RB [ \-i | \-\-interval
.IR Seconds ]
.RB [ \-\-noudevsync ]
.RB [ \-\-reportformat
.RB { basic | json }]
.RB [ \-v | \-\-verbose ]
.RB [ \-n | \-\-name
.IR LogicalVolume ]
.RI [ SourcePhysicalVolume [ :PE [ \-PE ]...]
.RI [ DestinationPhysicalVolume [ :PE [ \-PE ]...]...]]
.SH DESCRIPTION
pvmove allows you to move the allocated physical extents (PEs) on
.I SourcePhysicalVolume
to one or more other physical volumes (PVs).
You can optionally specify a source
.I LogicalVolume
in which case only extents used by that LV will be moved to
free (or specified) extents on
.IR DestinationPhysicalVolume (s).
If no
.I DestinationPhysicalVolume
is specified, the normal allocation rules for the Volume Group are used.
If pvmove gets interrupted for any reason (e.g. the machine crashes)
then run pvmove again without any PhysicalVolume arguments to
restart any moves that were in progress from the last checkpoint.
Alternatively use \fBpvmove \-\-abort\fP at any time to abort. The
resulting location of logical volumes after an abort is issued depends
on whether the
.B \-\-atomic
option was used when starting the pvmove process.
You can run more than one pvmove at once provided they are moving data
off different SourcePhysicalVolumes, but additional pvmoves will ignore
any Logical Volumes already in the process of being changed, so some
data might not get moved.
\fBpvmove\fP works as follows:
1. A temporary 'pvmove' Logical Volume is created to store
details of all the data movements required.
2. Every Logical Volume in the Volume Group is searched
for contiguous data that need moving
according to the command line arguments.
For each piece of data found, a new segment is added to the end of the
pvmove LV.
This segment takes the form of a temporary mirror to copy the data
from the original location to a newly-allocated location.
The original LV is updated to use the new temporary mirror segment
in the pvmove LV instead of accessing the data directly.
3. The Volume Group metadata is updated on disk.
4. The first segment of the pvmove Logical Volume is activated and starts
to mirror the first part of the data. Only one segment is mirrored at once
as this is usually more efficient.
5. A daemon repeatedly checks progress at the specified time interval.
When it detects that the first temporary mirror is in-sync,
it breaks that mirror so that only the new location for that data gets used
and writes a checkpoint into the Volume Group metadata on disk.
Then it activates the mirror for the next segment of the pvmove LV.
6. When there are no more segments left to be mirrored,
the temporary Logical Volume is removed and the Volume Group metadata
is updated so that the Logical Volumes reflect the new data locations.
Note that this new process cannot support the original LVM1
type of on-disk metadata. Metadata can be converted using \fBvgconvert\fP(8).
If the
.B \-\-atomic
option is used, a slightly different approach is used for the move. Again,
a temporary 'pvmove' logical volume is created to store the details of all
the data movements required. This temporary LV contains all the segments of
the various LVs that need to be moved. However this time, an identical
logical volume is allocated that contains the same number of segments and
a mirror is created to copy the contents from the first temporary LV to the
second. When a complete copy is accomplished, the temporary logical volumes
are removed, leaving behind the segments on the destination physical volume.
If an abort is issued during the move, all logical volumes being moved will
remain on the source physical volume.
.SH OPTIONS
See \fBlvm\fP(8) for common options.
.TP
.B \-\-abort
Abort any moves in progress. If the
.B \-\-atomic
option was used to start the pvmove, all logical volumes will remain on
the source physical volume. Otherwise, those segments that have completed
the move will stay on the destination physical volume, while those that
have not will remain on the source physical volume.
.TP
.B \-\-atomic
Make the entire operation atomic. That is, ensure that all affected logical
volumes are moved to the destination physical volume together; unless the move
has been aborted. If the move has been aborted, all logical volumes will
remain on the source physical volume.
.TP
.B \-\-noudevsync
Disable udev synchronisation. The
process will not wait for notification from udev.
It will continue irrespective of any possible udev processing
in the background. You should only use this if udev is not running
or has rules that ignore the devices LVM2 creates.
.TP
.BR \-b ", " \-\-background
Run the daemon in the background.
.TP
.BR \-i ", " \-\-interval " " \fISeconds
Report progress as a percentage at regular intervals.
.TP
.BR \-n ", " \-\-name " " \fILogicalVolume
Move only the extents belonging to
.I LogicalVolume
from
.I SourcePhysicalVolume
instead of all allocated extents to the destination physical volume(s).
.SH Examples
To move all Physical Extents that are used by simple Logical Volumes on
/dev/sdb1 to free Physical Extents elsewhere in the Volume Group use:
.sp
.B pvmove /dev/sdb1
.P
Additionally, a specific destination device /dev/sdc1
can be specified like this:
.sp
.B pvmove /dev/sdb1 /dev/sdc1
.P
To perform the action only on extents belonging to the single Logical Volume
lvol1 do this:
.sp
.B pvmove \-n lvol1 /dev/sdb1 /dev/sdc1
.P
Rather than moving the contents of the entire device, it is possible to
move a range of Physical Extents - for example numbers 1000 to 1999
inclusive on /dev/sdb1 - like this:
.sp
.B pvmove /dev/sdb1:1000\-1999
.P
A range can also be specified as start+length, so
.sp
.B pvmove /dev/sdb1:1000+1000
.P
also refers to 1000 Physical Extents starting from Physical Extent number 1000.
(Counting starts from 0, so this refers to the 1001st to the 2000th inclusive.)
.P
To move a range of Physical Extents to a specific location (which must have
sufficient free extents) use the form:
.sp
.B pvmove /dev/sdb1:1000\-1999 /dev/sdc1
.sp
or
.sp
.B pvmove /dev/sdb1:1000\-1999 /dev/sdc1:0\-999
.P
If the source and destination are on the same disk, the
.B anywhere
allocation policy would be needed, like this:
.sp
.B pvmove \-\-alloc anywhere /dev/sdb1:1000\-1999 /dev/sdb1:0\-999
.P
The part of a specific Logical Volume present within in a range of Physical
Extents can also be picked out and moved, like this:
.sp
.B pvmove \-n lvol1 /dev/sdb1:1000\-1999 /dev/sdc1
.SH SEE ALSO
.BR lvm (8),
.BR vgconvert (8)
.BR pvs (8)

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pvremove wipes the label on a device so that LVM will no longer recognise
it as a PV.

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.TH PVREMOVE 8 "LVM TOOLS #VERSION#" "Sistina Software UK" \" -*- nroff -*-
.SH NAME
pvremove \(em remove a physical volume
.SH SYNOPSIS
.B pvremove
.RB [ \-\-commandprofile
.IR ProfileName ]
.RB [ \-d | \-\-debug ]
.RB [ \-h | \-\-help ]
.RB [ \-t | \-\-test ]
.RB [ \-v | \-\-verbose ]
.RB [ \-\-version ]
.RB [ \-f [ f ]| \-\-force
.RB [ \-\-force ]]
.RB [ \-\-reportformat
.RB { basic | json }]
.RB [ \-y | \-\-yes ]
.I PhysicalVolume
.RI [ PhysicalVolume ...]
.SH DESCRIPTION
pvremove wipes the label on a device so that LVM will no longer
recognise it as a physical volume.
.SH OPTIONS
See \fBlvm\fP(8) for common options.
.TP
.BR \-ff ", " \-\-force " " \-\-force
Force the removal of a physical volume belonging to an existing volume group.
Normally \fBvgreduce\fP(8) should be used instead of this command.
You cannot remove a physical volume which in use by some active logical volume.
.TP
.BR \-y ", " \-\-yes
Answer yes to all questions.
.SH SEE ALSO
.BR lvm (8),
.BR pvcreate (8),
.BR pvdisplay (8),
.BR vgreduce (8)

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pvresize resizes a PV. The PV may already be in a VG and may have active
LVs allocated on it.

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.SH NOTES
pvresize will refuse to shrink a PV if it has allocated extents beyond the
new end.
.SH EXAMPLES
Expand a PV after enlarging the partition.
.br
.B pvresize /dev/sda1
Shrink a PV prior to shrinking the partition (ensure that the PV size is
appropriate for the intended new partition size).
.br
.B pvresize \-\-setphysicalvolumesize 40G /dev/sda1

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.TH PVRESIZE 8 "LVM TOOLS #VERSION#" "Sistina Software UK" \" -*- nroff -*-
.SH NAME
pvresize \(em resize a disk or partition in use by LVM2
.SH SYNOPSIS
.B pvresize
.RB [ \-\-commandprofile
.IR ProfileName ]
.RB [ \-d | \-\-debug ]
.RB [ \-h | \-\-help ]
.RB [ \-t | \-\-test ]
.RB [ \-v | \-\-verbose ]
.RB [ \-\-version ]
.RB [ \-\-reportformat
.RB { basic | json }]
.RB [ \-\-setphysicalvolumesize
.IR size ]
.I PhysicalVolume
.RI [ PhysicalVolume ...]
.SH DESCRIPTION
pvresize resizes
.I PhysicalVolume
which may already be in a volume group and have active logical volumes
allocated on it.
.SH OPTIONS
See \fBlvm\fP(8) for common options.
.TP
.BI \-\-setphysicalvolumesize " size"
Overrides the automatically-detected size of the PV. Use with care, or
prior to reducing the physical size of the device.
.SH EXAMPLES
Expand the PV on /dev/sda1 after enlarging the partition with fdisk:
.sp
.B pvresize /dev/sda1
.sp
Shrink the PV on /dev/sda1 prior to shrinking the partition with fdisk
(ensure that the PV size is appropriate for your intended new partition
size):
.sp
.B pvresize \-\-setphysicalvolumesize 40G /dev/sda1
.sp
.SH RESTRICTIONS
pvresize will refuse to shrink
.I PhysicalVolume
if it has allocated extents after where its new end would be. In the future,
it should relocate these elsewhere in the volume group if there is sufficient
free space, like
.B pvmove
does.
.sp
.B pvresize
won't currently work correctly on LVM1 volumes.
.SH SEE ALSO
.BR lvm (8),
.BR pvmove (8),
.BR lvresize (8),
.BR fdisk (8)

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@ -0,0 +1 @@
pvs produces formatted output about PVs.

11
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@ -0,0 +1,11 @@
.SH NOTES
.
The pv_attr bits are:
.IP 1 3
(d)uplicate, (a)llocatable, (u)sed
.IP 2 3
e(x)ported
.IP 3 3
(m)issing

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.TH PVS 8 "LVM TOOLS #VERSION#" "Sistina Software UK" \" -*- nroff -*-
.SH NAME
pvs \(em report information about physical volumes
.SH SYNOPSIS
.B pvs
.RB [ \-a | \-\-all ]
.RB [ \-\-aligned ]
.RB [ \-\-binary ]
.RB [ \-\-commandprofile
.IR ProfileName ]
.RB [[ \-\-configreport
.IR ReportName ]
.RB [ \-o | \-\-options
.RI [ + | \- | # ] Field1 [, Field2 ...]
.RB [ \-O | \-\-sort
.RI [ + | \- ] Key1 [, Key2 ...]]
.RB [ \-S | \-\-select
.IR Selection ]
.RB ...]
.RB [ \-d | \-\-debug ]
.RB [ \-h | \-? | \-\-help ]
.RB [ \-\-ignorelockingfailure ]
.RB [ \-\-ignoreskippedcluster ]
.RB [ \-\-logonly ]
.RB [ \-\-nameprefixes ]
.RB [ \-\-noheadings ]
.RB [ \-\-nosuffix ]
.RB [ \-P | \-\-partial ]
.RB [ \-\-reportformat
.RB { basic | json }]
.RB [ \-\-rows ]
.RB [ \-\-segments ]
.RB [ \-\-separator
.IR Separator ]
.RB [ \-\-unbuffered ]
.RB [ \-\-units
.IR hHbBsSkKmMgGtTpPeE ]
.RB [ \-\-unquoted ]
.RB [ \-v|\-\-verbose ]
.RB [ \-\-version]
.RI [ PhysicalVolume
.RI [ PhysicalVolume ...]]
.SH DESCRIPTION
pvs produces formatted output about physical volumes.
.SH OPTIONS
See \fBlvm\fP(8) for common options.
.TP
.B \-\-all
Include information in the output about devices that have not been
initialized with \fBpvcreate\fP(8).
.TP
.B \-\-aligned
Use with \fB\-\-separator\fP to align the output columns.
.TP
.B \-\-binary
Use binary values "0" or "1" instead of descriptive literal values
for columns that have exactly two valid values to report (not counting
the "unknown" value which denotes that the value could not be determined).
.TP
.B \-\-configreport \fI ReportName
Make any subsequent \fB\-o, \-\-options\fP, \fB\-O, \-\-sort\fP or
\fB\-S, \-\-select\fP to apply for \fIReportName\fP where \fIReportName\fP
is either 'pv' for command's main report or 'log' for log report.
If \fB\-\-configreport\fP option is not used to identify a report, then
command's main report is assumed. The log report is available only if
enabled by \fBlog/report_command_log\fP \fBlvm.conf\fP(5) setting or
if \fB\-\-logonly\fP option is used.
.TP
.B \-\-logonly
Suppress the pvs report itself and display only log report on output.
.TP
.B \-\-nameprefixes
Add an "LVM2_" prefix plus the field name to the output. Useful
with \fB\-\-noheadings\fP to produce a list of field=value pairs that can
be used to set environment variables (for example, in \fBudev\fP(7) rules).
.TP
.B \-\-noheadings
Suppress the headings line that is normally the first line of output.
Useful if grepping the output.
.TP
.B \-\-nosuffix
Suppress the suffix on output sizes. Use with \fB\-\-units\fP
(except h and H) if processing the output.
.TP
.BR \-o ", " \-\-options
Comma-separated ordered list of columns.
.IP
Precede the list with '\fI+\fP' to append to the current list
of columns, '\fI-\fP' to remove from the current list of columns
or '\fI#\fP' to compact given columns. The \fI\-o\fP option can
be repeated, providing several lists. These lists are evaluated
from left to right.
.IP
Use \fB-o pv_all\fP to select all physical volume columns,
and \fB-o pvseg_all\fP to select all Physical Volume segment columns.
.IP
Use \fB-o help\fP to view the full list of columns available.
.IP
Column names include: pv_fmt, pv_uuid, dev_size, pv_name, pv_mda_free,
pv_mda_size, pv_ba_start, pv_ba_size, pe_start, pv_size, pv_free, pv_used,
pv_attr, pv_pe_count, pv_pe_alloc_count, pv_tags, pv_mda_count,
pv_mda_used_count, pvseg_start, and pvseg_size
.IP
With \fB\-\-segments\fP, any "pvseg_" prefixes are optional; otherwise any
"pv_" prefixes are optional. Columns mentioned in \fBvgs\fP(8) can also
be chosen. The pv_attr bits are: (a)llocatable, e(x)ported, (m)issing,
(u)sed (but not allocatable), (d)uplicate.
.TP
.B \-\-segments
Produces one line of output for each contiguous allocation of space on each
Physical Volume, showing the start (pvseg_start) and length (pvseg_size) in
units of physical extents.
.TP
.BR \-S ", " \-\-select " " \fISelection
Display only rows that match Selection criteria. All rows are displayed with
the additional "selected" column (\fB-o selected\fP) showing 1 if the row
matches the Selection and 0 otherwise. The Selection criteria are defined
by specifying column names and their valid values (that can include reserved
values) while making use of supported comparison operators. See \fBlvm\fP(8)
and \fB\-S\fP, \fB\-\-select\fP description for more detailed information
about constructing the Selection criteria. As a quick help and to see full
list of column names that can be used in Selection including the list of
reserved values and the set of supported selection operators, check the
output of \fBpvs -S help\fP command.
.TP
.BR \-O ", " \-\-sort
Comma-separated ordered list of columns to sort by. Replaces the default
selection. Precede any column with '\fI\-\fP' for a reverse sort on that
column.
.TP
.B \-\-rows
Output columns as rows.
.TP
.B \-\-separator \fISeparator
String to use to separate each column. Useful if grepping the output.
.TP
.B \-\-unbuffered
Produce output immediately without sorting or aligning the columns properly.
.TP
.B \-\-units \fIhHbBsSkKmMgGtTpPeE
All sizes are output in these units: (h)uman-readable, (b)ytes, (s)ectors,
(k)ilobytes, (m)egabytes, (g)igabytes, (t)erabytes, (p)etabytes, (e)xabytes.
Capitalise to use multiples of 1000 (S.I.) instead of 1024. Can also specify
custom units e.g. \-\-units 3M
.TP
.B \-\-unquoted
When used with \fB\-\-nameprefixes\fP, output values in the field=value
pairs are not quoted.
.SH SEE ALSO
.BR lvm (8),
.BR pvdisplay (8),
.BR lvs (8),
.BR vgs (8)

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@ -1,46 +1,6 @@
.TH PVSCAN 8 "LVM TOOLS #VERSION#" "Sistina Software UK" \" -*- nroff -*-
.SH NAME
pvscan \(em scan all disks for physical volumes
pvscan scans all supported LVM block devices in the system for PVs.
.SH SYNOPSIS
.B pvscan
.RB [ \-\-commandprofile
.IR ProfileName ]
.RB [ \-d | \-\-debug ]
.RB [ \-h | \-\-help ]
.RB [ \-v | \-\-verbose ]
.RB [ \-\-version ]
.RB [ \-\-ignorelockingfailure ]
.RB [ \-e | \-\-exported ]
.RB [ \-n | \-\-novolumegroup ]
.RB [ \-\-reportformat
.RB { basic | json }]
.RB [ \-s | \-\-short ]
.RB [ \-u | \-\-uuid ]
.BR
.B pvscan
.RB [ \-d | \-\-debug ]
.RB [ \-h | \-\-help ]
.B \-\-cache
.RB [ \-a | \-\-activate " " \fIay ]
.RB [ \-b | \-\-background ]
.RB [ \-\-reportformat
.RB { basic | json }]
.RB [ \-\-major
.I major
.B \-\-minor
.I minor
|
.IR DevicePath
|
.IR major:minor ]...
.SH DESCRIPTION
pvscan scans all supported LVM block devices in the system for physical
volumes.
.SS Scanning with lvmetad
\fBScanning with lvmetad\fP
pvscan operates differently when used with the
.BR lvmetad (8)
@ -72,8 +32,6 @@ scanning, an ordinary pvscan (without \-\-cache) will simply read metadata
from lvmetad like other LVM commands. It does not do anything beyond
displaying the current state of the cache.
.I Notes
.IP \[bu] 2
When given specific device name arguments, pvscan \-\-cache will only
read the named devices.
@ -106,7 +64,9 @@ be temporarily disabled if they are seen.
To notify lvmetad about a device that is no longer present, the major and
minor numbers must be given, not the path.
.SS Automatic activation
.P
\fBAutomatic activation\fP
When event-driven system services detect a new LVM device, the first step
is to automatically scan and cache the metadata from the device. This is
@ -130,8 +90,6 @@ fully integrated with the event-driven system services.)
When a VG or LV is not auto-activated, traditional activation using
vgchange or lvchange -a|--activate is needed.
.I Notes
.IP \[bu] 2
pvscan auto-activation can be only done in combination with \-\-cache.
@ -145,34 +103,3 @@ is used, the auto_activation_volume_list is applied.
Auto-activation is not yet supported for LVs that are part of partial or
clustered volume groups.
.P
.SH OPTIONS
See \fBlvm\fP(8) for common options.
.TP
.BR \-e ", " \-\-exported
Only show physical volumes belonging to exported volume groups.
.TP
.BR \-n ", " \-\-novolumegroup
Only show physical volumes not belonging to any volume group.
.TP
.BR \-s ", " \-\-short
Short listing format.
.TP
.BR \-u ", " \-\-uuid
Show UUIDs in addition to device names.
.TP
.BR \-a ", " \-\-activate " " \fIay
Automatically activate any logical volumes that are possible to activate
with the addition of the new devices.
.TP
.BR \-b ", " \-\-background
Run the command in the background.
.TP
.BR \-\-cache " [" \-\-major " " \fImajor " " \-\-minor " " \fIminor " | " \fIDevicePath " | " \fImajor:minor " ]..."
Scan one or more devices and send the metadata to lvmetad.
.SH SEE ALSO
.BR lvm (8),
.BR lvmconfig (8),
.BR lvmetad (8)

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.SH SEE ALSO
.BR lvm (8)
.BR lvm.conf (5)
.BR lvmconfig (8)
.BR pvchange (8)
.BR pvck (8)
.BR pvcreate (8)
.BR pvdisplay (8)
.BR pvmove (8)
.BR pvremove (8)
.BR pvresize (8)
.BR pvs (8)
.BR pvscan (8)
.BR vgcfgbackup (8)
.BR vgcfgrestore (8)
.BR vgchange (8)
.BR vgck (8)
.BR vgcreate (8)
.BR vgconvert (8)
.BR vgdisplay (8)
.BR vgexport (8)
.BR vgextend (8)
.BR vgimport (8)
.BR vgimportclone (8)
.BR vgmerge (8)
.BR vgmknodes (8)
.BR vgreduce (8)
.BR vgremove (8)
.BR vgrename (8)
.BR vgs (8)
.BR vgscan (8)
.BR vgsplit (8)
.BR lvcreate (8)
.BR lvchange (8)
.BR lvconvert (8)
.BR lvdisplay (8)
.BR lvextend (8)
.BR lvreduce (8)
.BR lvremove (8)
.BR lvrename (8)
.BR lvresize (8)
.BR lvs (8)
.BR lvscan (8)
.BR lvm2-activation-generator (8)
.BR blkdeactivate (8)
.BR lvmdump (8)
.BR dmeventd (8)
.BR lvmetad (8)
.BR lvmpolld (8)
.BR lvmlockd (8)
.BR lvmlockctl (8)
.BR clvmd (8)
.BR cmirrord (8)
.BR lvmdbusd (8)
.BR lvmsystemid (7)
.BR lvmreport (7)
.BR lvmraid (7)
.BR lvmthin (7)
.BR lvmcache (7)

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vgcfgbackup creates back up files containing metadata of VGs.
If no VGs are named, back up files are created for all VGs.
See \fBvgcfgrestore\fP for information on using the back up
files.
In a default installation, each VG is backed up into a separate file
bearing the name of the VG in the directory \fI#DEFAULT_BACKUP_DIR#\fP.
To use an alternative back up file, use \fB\-f\fP. In this case, when
backing up multiple VGs, the file name is treated as a template, with %s
replaced by the VG name.
NB. This DOES NOT back up the data content of LVs.
It may also be useful to regularly back up the files in
\fI#DEFAULT_SYS_DIR#\fP.

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.TH VGCFGBACKUP 8 "LVM TOOLS #VERSION#" "Sistina Software UK" \" -*- nroff -*-
.SH NAME
vgcfgbackup \(em backup volume group descriptor area
.SH SYNOPSIS
.B vgcfgbackup
.RB [ \-\-commandprofile
.IR ProfileName ]
.RB [ \-d | \-\-debug ]
.RB [ \-f | \-\-file
.IR Filename ]
.RB [ \-h | \-\-help ]
.RB [ \-\-ignorelockingfailure ]
.RB [ \-P | \-\-partial ]
.RB [ \-\-reportformat
.RB { basic | json }]
.RB [ \-v | \-\-verbose ]
.RI [ VolumeGroupName ...]
.SH DESCRIPTION
vgcfgbackup allows you to backup the metadata of your volume groups.
If you don't name any volume groups on the command line, all of them
will be backed up.
.sp
In a default installation, each volume group gets backed up into a separate
file bearing the name of the volume group in the directory
\fI#DEFAULT_BACKUP_DIR#\fP.
You can write the backup to an alternative file using \fB\-f\fP. In this case
if you are backing up more than one volume group the filename is
treated as a template, and %s gets replaced by the volume group name.
.sp
NB. This DOESN'T backup user/system data in logical
volume(s)! Backup \fI#DEFAULT_SYS_DIR#\fP regularly too.
.SH OPTIONS
See \fBlvm\fP(8) for common options.
.SH SEE ALSO
.BR lvm (8),
.BR vgcfgrestore (8)

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vgcfgrestore restores the metadata of a VG from a text back up file
produced by \fBvgcfgbackup\fP. This writes VG metadata onto the devices
specifed in back up file.
A back up file can be specified with \fB\-\-file\fP. If no backup file is
specified, the most recent one is used. Use \fB\-\-list\fP for a list of
the available back up and archive files of a VG.

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.SH NOTES
To replace PVs, \fBvgdisplay \-\-partial \-\-verbose\fP will show the
UUIDs and sizes of any PVs that are no longer present. If a PV in the VG
is lost and you wish to substitute another of the same size, use
\fBpvcreate \-\-restorefile filename \-\-uuid uuid\fP (plus additional
arguments as appropriate) to initialise it with the same UUID as the
missing PV. Repeat for all other missing PVs in the VG. Then use
\fBvgcfgrestore \-\-file filename\fP to restore the VG's metadata.

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.TH VGCFGRESTORE 8 "LVM TOOLS #VERSION#" "Sistina Software UK" \" -*- nroff -*-
.SH NAME
vgcfgrestore \(em restore volume group descriptor area
.SH SYNOPSIS
.B vgcfgrestore
.RB [ \-\-commandprofile
.IR ProfileName ]
.RB [ \-d | \-\-debug ]
.RB [ \-f | \-\-file
.RI < filename >]
.RB [ \-\-force ]
.RB [ \-l [ l ]| \-\-list ]
.RB [ \-h | \-\-help ]
.RB [ \-M | \-\-metadatatype
.IR 1 | 2 ]
.RB [ \-t | \-\-test ]
.RB [ \-v | \-\-verbose ]
.RI \fIVolumeGroupName\fP
.SH DESCRIPTION
vgcfgrestore allows you to restore the metadata of \fIVolumeGroupName\fP
from a text backup file produced by \fBvgcfgbackup\fP.
You can specify a backup file with \fB\-\-file\fP.
If no backup file is specified, the most recent
one is used. Use \fB\-\-list\fP for a list of the available
backup and archive files of \fIVolumeGroupName\fP.
.SH OPTIONS
See \fBlvm\fP(8) for common options.
.TP
.BR \-l ", " \-\-list\fP
List files pertaining to \fIVolumeGroupName\fP
List metadata backup and archive files pertaining to \fIVolumeGroupName\fP.
May be used with the \fB\-f\fP option. Does not restore \fIVolumeGroupName\fP.
.TP
.BR \-f ", " \-\-file " " \fIfilename
Name of LVM metadata backup file
Specifies a metadata backup or archive file to be used for restoring
VolumeGroupName. Often this file has been created with \fBvgcfgbackup\fP.
.TP
.B \-\-force
Necessary to restore metadata with thin pool volumes.
.br
\fBWARNING: Use with extreme caution.
Most changes to thin metadata cannot be reverted.
You may lose data if you restore metadata that does not match the thin pool
kernel metadata precisely.\fP
.SH REPLACING PHYSICAL VOLUMES
\fBvgdisplay \-\-partial \-\-verbose\fP will show you the UUIDs and sizes of
any PVs that are no longer present.
If a PV in the VG is lost and you wish to substitute
another of the same size, use
\fBpvcreate \-\-restorefile filename \-\-uuid uuid\fP (plus additional
arguments as appropriate) to initialise it with the same UUID as
the missing PV. Repeat for all other missing PVs in the VG.
Then use \fBvgcfgrestore \-\-file filename\fP to restore the volume
group's metadata.
.SH SEE ALSO
.BR lvm (8),
.BR vgcreate (8)

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@ -0,0 +1,2 @@
vgchange changes VG attributes, changes LV activation in the kernel, and
includes other utilities for VG maintenance.

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.SH NOTES
If vgchange recognizes COW snapshot LVs that were dropped because they ran
out of space, it displays a message informing the administrator that the
snapshots should be removed.
.SH EXAMPLES
Activate all LVs in all VGs on all existing devices.
.br
.B vgchange \-a y
Change the maximum number of LVs for an inactive VG.
.br
.B vgchange \-l 128 vg00

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.TH VGCHANGE 8 "LVM TOOLS #VERSION#" "Sistina Software UK" \" -*- nroff -*-
.SH NAME
vgchange \(em change attributes of a volume group
.SH SYNOPSIS
.B vgchange
.RB [ \-\-addtag
.IR Tag ]
.RB [ \-\-alloc
.IR AllocationPolicy ]
.RB [ \-A | \-\-autobackup
.RI { y | n }]
.RB [ \-a | \-\-activate
.RI [ a | e | s | l ]
.RI { y | n }]
.RB [ \-\-activationmode
.IB { complete | degraded | partial } ]
.RB [ \-K | \-\-ignoreactivationskip ]
.RB [ \-\-monitor
.RI { y | n }]
.RB [ \-\-poll
.RI { y | n }]
.RB [ \-c | \-\-clustered
.RI { y | n }]
.RB [ \-u | \-\-uuid ]
.RB [ \-\-commandprofile
.IR ProfileName ]
.RB [ \-d | \-\-debug ]
.RB [ \-\-deltag
.IR Tag ]
.RB [ \-\-detachprofile ]
.RB [ \-h | \-\-help ]
.RB [ \-\-ignorelockingfailure ]
.RB [ \-\-ignoremonitoring ]
.RB [ \-\-ignoreskippedcluster ]
.RB [ \-\-sysinit ]
.RB [ \-\-noudevsync ]
.RB [ \-\-lock\-start ]
.RB [ \-\-lock\-stop ]
.RB [ \-\-lock\-type
.IR LockType ]
.RB [ \-l | \-\-logicalvolume
.IR MaxLogicalVolumes ]
.RB [ \-p | \-\-maxphysicalvolumes
.IR MaxPhysicalVolumes ]
.RB [ \-\-metadataprofile
.IR ProfileName ]
.RB [ \-\- [ vg ] metadatacopies
.IR NumberOfCopies | unmanaged | all ]
.RB [ \-P | \-\-partial ]
.RB [ \-s | \-\-physicalextentsize
.IR PhysicalExtentSize [ bBsSkKmMgGtTpPeE ]]
.RB [ \-\-reportformat
.RB { basic | json }]
.RB [ \-S | \-\-select
.IR Selection ]
.RB [ \-\-systemid
.IR SystemID ]
.RB [ \-\-refresh ]
.RB [ \-t | \-\-test ]
.RB [ \-v | \-\-verbose ]
.RB [ \-\-version ]
.RB [ \-x | \-\-resizeable
.RI { y | n }]
.RI [ VolumeGroupName ...]
.SH DESCRIPTION
vgchange allows you to change the attributes of one or more
volume groups. Its main purpose is to activate and deactivate
.IR VolumeGroupName ,
or all volume groups if none is specified. Only active volume groups
are subject to changes and allow access to their logical volumes.
[Not yet implemented: During volume group activation, if
.B vgchange
recognizes snapshot logical volumes which were dropped because they ran
out of space, it displays a message informing the administrator that such
snapshots should be removed (see
.BR lvremove (8)).
]
.SH OPTIONS
See \fBlvm\fP(8) for common options.
.TP
.BR \-A ", " \-\-autobackup " {" \fIy | \fIn }
Controls automatic backup of metadata after the change. See
.BR vgcfgbackup (8).
Default is yes.
.TP
.BR \-a ", " \-\-activate " [" \fIa | \fIe | \fIs | \fIl ]{ \fIy | \fIn }
Controls the availability of the logical volumes in the volume
group for input/output.
In other words, makes the logical volumes known/unknown to the kernel.
If autoactivation option is used (\-aay), each logical volume in
the volume group is activated only if it matches an item in the
activation/auto_activation_volume_list set in lvm.conf. If this
list is not set, then all volumes are considered for activation.
The \-aay option should be also used during system boot so it's
possible to select which volumes to activate using the
activation/auto_activation_volume_list settting.
.IP
Activation of a logical volume creates a symbolic link
/dev/VolumeGroupName/LogicalVolumeName pointing to the device node.
This link is removed on deactivation.
All software and scripts should access the device through
this symbolic link and present this as the name of the device.
The location and name of the underlying device node may depend on
the distribution and configuration (e.g. udev) and might change
from release to release.
.IP
In a clustered VG, clvmd is used for activation, and the
following options are possible:
With \-aey, clvmd activates the LV in exclusive mode
(with an exclusive lock), allowing a single node to activate the LV.
With \-asy, clvmd activates the LV in shared mode
(with a shared lock), allowing multiple nodes to activate the LV concurrently.
If the LV type prohibits shared access, such as an LV with a snapshot,
the 's' option is ignored and an exclusive lock is used.
With \-ay (no mode specified), clvmd activates the LV in shared mode
if the LV type allows concurrent access, such as a linear LV.
Otherwise, clvmd activates the LV in exclusive mode.
With \-aey, \-asy, and \-ay, clvmd attempts to activate the LV
on all nodes. If exclusive mode is used, then only one of the
nodes will be successful.
With \-an, clvmd attempts to deactivate the LV on all nodes.
With \-aly, clvmd activates the LV only on the local node, and \-aln
deactivates only on the local node. If the LV type allows concurrent
access, then shared mode is used, otherwise exclusive.
LVs with snapshots are always activated exclusively because they can only
be used on one node at once.
For local VGs, \-ay, \-aey, and \-asy are all equivalent.
.IP
In a shared VG, lvmlockd is used for locking if LVM is compiled with lockd
support, and the following options are possible:
With \-aey, the command activates the LV in exclusive mode, allowing a
single host to activate the LV (the host running the command). Before
activating the LV, the command uses lvmlockd to acquire an exclusive lock
on the LV. If the lock cannot be acquired, the LV is not activated and an
error is reported. This would happen if the LV is active on another host.
With \-asy, the command activates the LV in shared mode, allowing multiple
hosts to activate the LV concurrently. Before activating the LV, the
command uses lvmlockd to acquire a shared lock on the LV. If the lock
cannot be acquired, the LV is not activated and an error is reported.
This would happen if the LV is active exclusively on another host. If the
LV type prohibits shared access, such as a snapshot, the command will
report an error and fail.
With \-an, the command deactivates the LV on the host running the command.
After deactivating the LV, the command uses lvmlockd to release the
current lock on the LV.
With lvmlockd, an unspecified mode is always exclusive, \-ay defaults to
\-aey.
.TP
.BR \-\-activationmode " {" \fIcomplete | \fIdegraded | \fIpartial }
The activation mode determines whether logical volumes are allowed to
activate when there are physical volumes missing (e.g. due to a device
failure). \fIcomplete\fP is the most restrictive; allowing only those
logical volumes to be activated that are not affected by the missing
PVs. \fIdegraded\fP allows RAID logical volumes to be activated even if
they have PVs missing. (Note that the "mirror" segment type is not
considered a RAID logical volume. The "raid1" segment type should
be used instead.) Finally, \fIpartial\fP allows any logical volume to
be activated even if portions are missing due to a missing or failed
PV. This last option should only be used when performing recovery or
repair operations. \fIdegraded\fP is the default mode. To change it, modify
.B activation_mode
in
.BR lvm.conf (5).
.TP
.BR \-K ", " \-\-ignoreactivationskip
Ignore the flag to skip Logical Volumes during activation.
.TP
.BR \-c ", " \-\-clustered " {" \fIy | \fIn }
If clustered locking is enabled, this indicates whether this
Volume Group is shared with other nodes in the cluster or whether
it contains only local disks that are not visible on the other nodes.
If the cluster infrastructure is unavailable on a particular node at a
particular time, you may still be able to use Volume Groups that
are not marked as clustered.
.TP
.BR \-\-detachprofile
Detach any metadata configuration profiles attached to given
Volume Groups. See \fBlvm.conf\fP(5) for more information
about \fBmetadata profiles\fP.
.TP
.BR \-u ", " \-\-uuid
Generate new random UUID for specified Volume Groups.
.TP
.BR \-\-monitor " {" \fIy | \fIn }
Start or stop monitoring a mirrored or snapshot logical volume with
dmeventd, if it is installed.
If a device used by a monitored mirror reports an I/O error,
the failure is handled according to
.B mirror_image_fault_policy
and
.B mirror_log_fault_policy
set in
.BR lvm.conf (5).
.TP
.BR \-\-poll " {" \fIy | \fIn }
Without polling a logical volume's backgrounded transformation process
will never complete. If there is an incomplete pvmove or lvconvert (for
example, on rebooting after a crash), use \fB\-\-poll y\fP to restart the
process from its last checkpoint. However, it may not be appropriate to
immediately poll a logical volume when it is activated, use
\fB\-\-poll n\fP to defer and then \fB\-\-poll y\fP to restart the process.
.TP
.BR \-\-sysinit
Indicates that vgchange(8) is being invoked from early system initialisation
scripts (e.g. rc.sysinit or an initrd), before writeable filesystems are
available. As such, some functionality needs to be disabled and this option
acts as a shortcut which selects an appropriate set of options. Currently
this is equivalent to using
.BR \-\-ignorelockingfailure ,
.BR \-\-ignoremonitoring ,
.B \-\-poll n
and setting \fBLVM_SUPPRESS_LOCKING_FAILURE_MESSAGES\fP
environment variable.
If \fB\-\-sysinit\fP is used in conjunction with lvmetad(8) enabled and running,
autoactivation is preferred over manual activation via direct vgchange call.
Logical volumes are autoactivated according to auto_activation_volume_list
set in lvm.conf(5).
.TP
.BR \-\-noudevsync
Disable udev synchronisation. The
process will not wait for notification from udev.
It will continue irrespective of any possible udev processing
in the background. You should only use this if udev is not running
or has rules that ignore the devices LVM2 creates.
.TP
.BR \-\-ignoremonitoring
Make no attempt to interact with dmeventd unless
.BR \-\-monitor
is specified.
Do not use this if dmeventd is already monitoring a device.
.TP
.BR \-\-lock\-start
Start the lockspace of a shared VG in lvmlockd. lvmlockd locks becomes
available for the VG, allowing LVM to use the VG. See
.BR lvmlockd (8).
.TP
.BR \-\-lock\-stop
Stop the lockspace of a shared VG in lvmlockd. lvmlockd locks become
unavailable for the VG, preventing LVM from using the VG. See
.BR lvmlockd (8).
.TP
.BR \-\-lock\-type " " \fILockType
Change the VG lock type to or from a shared lock type used with lvmlockd. See
.BR lvmlockd (8).
.TP
.BR \-l ", " \-\-logicalvolume " " \fIMaxLogicalVolumes
Changes the maximum logical volume number of an existing inactive
volume group.
.TP
.BR \-p ", " \-\-maxphysicalvolumes " " \fIMaxPhysicalVolumes
Changes the maximum number of physical volumes that can belong
to this volume group.
For volume groups with metadata in lvm1 format, the limit is 255.
If the metadata uses lvm2 format, the value 0 removes this restriction:
there is then no limit. If you have a large number of physical volumes in
a volume group with metadata in lvm2 format, for tool performance reasons,
you should consider some use of \fB\-\-pvmetadatacopies 0\fP as described in
\fBpvcreate(8)\fP, and/or use \fB\-\-vgmetadatacopies\fP.
.TP
.BR \-\-metadataprofile " " \fIProfileName
Uses and attaches ProfileName configuration profile to the volume group
metadata. Whenever the volume group is processed next time, the profile
is automatically applied. The profile is inherited by all logical volumes
in the volume group unless the logical volume itself has its own profile
attached. See \fBlvm.conf\fP(5) for more information about \fBmetadata profiles\fP.
.TP
.BR \-\- [ vg ] metadatacopies " " \fINumberOfCopies | \fIunmanaged | \fIall
Sets the desired number of metadata copies in the volume group. If set to
a non-zero value, LVM will automatically manage the 'metadataignore'
flags on the physical volumes (see \fBpvchange\fP or \fBpvcreate \-\-metadataignore\fP) in order
to achieve \fINumberOfCopies\fP copies of metadata. If set to \fIunmanaged\fP,
LVM will not automatically manage the 'metadataignore' flags. If set to
\fIall\fP, LVM will first clear all of the 'metadataignore' flags on all
metadata areas in the volume group, then set the value to \fIunmanaged\fP.
The \fBvgmetadatacopies\fP option is useful for volume groups containing
large numbers of physical volumes with metadata as it may be used to
minimize metadata read and write overhead.
.TP
.BR \-s ", " \-\-physicalextentsize " " \fIPhysicalExtentSize [ \fIBbBsSkKmMgGtTpPeE ]
Changes the physical extent size on physical volumes of this volume group.
A size suffix (k for kilobytes up to t for terabytes) is optional, megabytes
is the default if no suffix is present. For LVM2 format, the value must be a
power of 2 of at least 1 sector (where the sector size is the largest sector
size of the PVs currently used in the VG) or, if not a power of 2, at least
128KiB. For the older LVM1 format, it must be a power of 2 of at least 8KiB.
The default is 4 MiB.
Before increasing the physical extent size, you might need to use lvresize,
pvresize and/or pvmove so that everything fits. For example, every
contiguous range of extents used in a logical volume must start and
end on an extent boundary.
If the volume group metadata uses lvm1 format, extents can vary in size from
8KiB to 16GiB and there is a limit of 65534 extents in each logical volume.
The default of 4 MiB leads to a maximum logical volume size of around 256GiB.
If the volume group metadata uses lvm2 format those restrictions do not apply,
but having a large number of extents will slow down the tools but have no
impact on I/O performance to the logical volume. The smallest PE is 1KiB.
The 2.4 kernel has a limitation of 2TiB per block device.
.TP
.BR \-\-systemid " " \fISystemID
Changes the system ID of the VG. Using this option requires caution
because the VG may become foreign to the host running the command,
leaving the host unable to access it. See
.BR lvmsystemid (7).
.TP
.BR \-\-refresh
If any logical volume in the volume group is active, reload its metadata.
This is not necessary in normal operation, but may be useful
if something has gone wrong or if you're doing clustering
manually without a clustered lock manager.
.TP
.BR \-x ", " \-\-resizeable " {" \fIy | \fIn }
Enables or disables the extension/reduction of this volume group
with/by physical volumes.
.SH Examples
To activate all known volume groups in the system:
.sp
.B vgchange \-a y
To change the maximum number of logical volumes of inactive volume group
vg00 to 128.
.sp
.B vgchange \-l 128 /dev/vg00
.SH SEE ALSO
.BR lvchange (8),
.BR lvm (8),
.BR vgcreate (8)

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vgck checks LVM metadata for consistency.

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.TH VGCK 8 "LVM TOOLS #VERSION#" "Sistina Software UK" \" -*- nroff -*-
.SH NAME
vgck \(em check volume group metadata
.SH SYNOPSIS
.B vgck
.RB [ \-\-commandprofile
.IR ProfileName ]
.RB [ \-d | \-\-debug ]
.RB [ \-h | \-? | \-\-help ]
.RB [ \-\-reportformat
.RB { basic | json }]
.RB [ \-v | \-\-verbose ]
.RI [ VolumeGroupName ...]
.SH DESCRIPTION
vgck checks LVM metadata for each named volume group for consistency.
.SH OPTIONS
See \fBlvm\fP(8) for common options.
.SH SEE ALSO
.BR lvm (8),
.BR vgcreate (8),
.BR vgchange (8),
.BR vgscan (8)

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vgconvert converts VG metadata from one format to another. The new
metadata format must be able to fit into the space provided by the old
format.
Because the LVM1 format should no longer be used, this command is no
longer needed in general.

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.TH VGCONVERT 8 "LVM TOOLS #VERSION#" "Sistina Software UK" \" -*- nroff -*-
.SH NAME
vgconvert \- convert volume group metadata format
.SH SYNOPSIS
.B vgconvert
.RB [ \-\-commandprofile
.IR ProfileName ]
.RB [ \-d | \-\-debug ]
.RB [ \-h | \-\-help ]
.RB [ \-t | \-\-test ]
.RB [ \-v | \-\-verbose ]
.RB [ \-\-labelsector ]
.RB [ \-\-bootloaderareasize
.IR size ]
.RB [ \-M | \-\-metadatatype
.IR type ]
.RB [ \-\-pvmetadatacopies
.IR NumberOfCopies ]
.RB [ \-\-metadatasize
.IR size ]
.RB [ \-\-reportformat
.RB { basic | json }]
.RB [ \-\-version ]
.I VolumeGroupName
.RI [ VolumeGroupName ...]
.SH DESCRIPTION
vgconvert converts
.I VolumeGroupName
metadata from one format to another provided that the metadata
fits into the same space.
.SH OPTIONS
See \fBlvm\fP(8) and \fBpvcreate\fP(8) for options.
.SH Examples
Convert volume group vg1 from LVM1 metadata format to the new LVM2
metadata format.
.sp
.B vgconvert \-M2 vg1
.SH RECOVERY
Use \fBpvscan\fP(8) to see which PVs lost their metadata.
Run \fBpvcreate\fP(8) with the \fB\-\-uuid\fP and \fB\-\-restorefile\fP
options on each such PV to reformat it as it was, using the archive
file that \fBvgconvert\fP(8) created at the start of the procedure.
Finally run \fBvgcfgrestore\fP(8) with that archive file to restore
the original metadata.
.SH SEE ALSO
.BR lvm (8),
.BR pvcreate (8),
.BR vgcfgrestore (8)

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vgcreate creates a new VG on block devices. If the devices were not
previously intialized as PVs with \fBpvcreate\fP(8), vgcreate will
inititialize them, making them PVs. The pvcreate options for initializing
devices are also available with vgcreate.

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.SH EXAMPLES
Create a VG with two PVs, using the default physical extent size.
.br
.B vgcreate myvg /dev/sdk1 /dev/sdl1

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.TH VGCREATE 8 "LVM TOOLS #VERSION#" "Sistina Software UK" \" -*- nroff -*-
.SH NAME
vgcreate \(em create a volume group
.SH SYNOPSIS
.B vgcreate
.RB [ \-\-addtag
.IR Tag ]
.RB [ \-\-alloc
.IR AllocationPolicy ]
.RB [ \-A | \-\-autobackup
.RI { y | n }]
.RB [ \-c | \-\-clustered
.RI { y | n }]
.RB [ \-\-commandprofile
.IR ProfileName ]
.RB [ \-d | \-\-debug ]
.RB [ \-h | \-\-help ]
.RB [ \-l | \-\-maxlogicalvolumes
.IR MaxLogicalVolumes ]
.RB [ \-M | \-\-metadatatype
.IR type ]
.RB [ \-\-metadataprofile
.IR ProfileName ]
.RB [ \-p | \-\-maxphysicalvolumes
.IR MaxPhysicalVolumes ]
.RB [ \-\- [ vg ] metadatacopies
.IR NumberOfCopies | unmanaged | all ]
.RB [ \-s | \-\-physicalextentsize
.IR PhysicalExtentSize [ bBsSkKmMgGtTpPeE ]]
.RB [ \-\-reportformat
.RB { basic | json }]
.RB [ \-\-shared ]
.RB [ \-\-systemid
.IR SystemID ]
.RB [ \-t | \-\-test ]
.RB [ \-v | \-\-verbose ]
.RB [ \-\-version ]
.RB [ "PHYSICAL DEVICE OPTIONS" ]
.I VolumeGroupName PhysicalDevicePath
.RI [ PhysicalDevicePath ...]
.SH DESCRIPTION
vgcreate creates a new volume group called
.I VolumeGroupName
using the block special device \fIPhysicalDevicePath\fP.
.sp
If \fIPhysicalDevicePath\fP was not previously configured for LVM with
\fBpvcreate\fP(8), the device will be initialized with the same
default values used with \fBpvcreate\fP(8). If non-default
\fPpvcreate\fP values are desired, they may be given on the
commandline with the same options as \fBpvcreate\fP(8). See
.B PHYSICAL DEVICE OPTIONS
for available options. Note that the restore-related options such as
.BR \-\-restorefile ", " \-\-uuid " and " \-\-physicalvolumesize
are not available. If a restore operation is needed, use
\fBpvcreate\fP(8) and \fBvgcfgrestore\fP(8).
.SH OPTIONS
See \fBlvm\fP(8) for common options.
.TP
.BR \-c ", " \-\-clustered " {" \fIy | \fIn }
If clustered locking is enabled, this defaults to \fBy\fP indicating that
this Volume Group is shared with other nodes in the cluster.
If the new Volume Group contains only local disks that are not visible
on the other nodes, you must specify \fB\-\-clustered\ n\fP.
If the cluster infrastructure is unavailable on a particular node at a
particular time, you may still be able to use such Volume Groups.
.TP
.BR \-l ", " \-\-maxlogicalvolumes " " \fIMaxLogicalVolumes
Sets the maximum number of logical volumes allowed in this
volume group.
The setting can be changed with \fBvgchange\fP(8).
For volume groups with metadata in lvm1 format, the limit
and default value is 255.
If the metadata uses lvm2 format, the default value is 0
which removes this restriction: there is then no limit.
.TP
.BR \-p ", " \-\-maxphysicalvolumes " " \fIMaxPhysicalVolumes
Sets the maximum number of physical volumes that can belong
to this volume group.
The setting can be changed with \fBvgchange\fP.
For volume groups with metadata in lvm1 format, the limit
and default value is 255.
If the metadata uses lvm2 format, the value 0 removes this restriction:
there is then no limit. If you have a large number of physical volumes in
a volume group with metadata in lvm2 format, for tool performance reasons,
you should consider some use of \fB\-\-pvmetadatacopies 0\fP as described in
\fBpvcreate\fP(8), and/or use \fB\-\-vgmetadatacopies\fP.
.TP
.BR \-\- [ vg ] metadatacopies " " \fINumberOfCopies | \fIunmanaged | \fIall
Sets the desired number of metadata copies in the volume group. If set to
a non-zero value, LVM will automatically manage the 'metadataignore'
flags on the physical volumes (see \fBpvcreate\fP(8) or
\fBpvchange \-\-metadataignore\fP) in order
to achieve \fINumberOfCopies\fP copies of metadata. If set to \fIunmanaged\fP,
LVM will not automatically manage the 'metadataignore' flags. If set to
\fIall\fP, LVM will first clear all of the 'metadataignore' flags on all
metadata areas in the volume group, then set the value to \fIunmanaged\fP.
The \fBvgmetadatacopies\fP option is useful for volume groups containing
large numbers of physical volumes with metadata as it may be used to
minimize metadata read and write overhead.
The default value is \fIunmanaged\fP.
.TP
.BR \-\-metadataprofile " " \fIProfileName
Uses and attaches the ProfileName configuration profile to the volume group
metadata. Whenever the volume group is processed next time, the profile is
automatically applied. The profile is inherited by all logical volumes in
the volume group unless the logical volume itself has its own profile attached.
See \fBlvm.conf\fP(5) for more information about \fBmetadata profiles\fP.
.TP
.BR \-s ", " \-\-physicalextentsize " " \fIPhysicalExtentSize [ \fIbBsSkKmMgGtTpPeE ]
Sets the physical extent size on physical volumes of this volume group.
A size suffix (k for kilobytes up to t for terabytes) is optional, megabytes
is the default if no suffix is present. For LVM2 format, the value must be a
power of 2 of at least 1 sector (where the sector size is the largest sector
size of the PVs currently used in the VG) or, if not a power of 2, at least
128KiB. For the older LVM1 format, it must be a power of 2 of at least 8KiB.
The default is 4 MiB.
Once this value has been set, it is difficult to change it without recreating
the volume group which would involve backing up and restoring data on any
logical volumes. However, if no extents need moving for the new
value to apply, it can be altered using \fBvgchange \-s\fP.
If the volume group metadata uses lvm1 format, extents can vary in size from
8KiB to 16GiB and there is a limit of 65534 extents in each logical volume. The
default of 4 MiB leads to a maximum logical volume size of around 256GiB.
If the volume group metadata uses lvm2 format those restrictions do not apply,
but having a large number of extents will slow down the tools but have no
impact on I/O performance to the logical volume. The smallest PE is 1KiB
The 2.4 kernel has a limitation of 2TiB per block device.
.TP
.B \-\-shared
Create a shared VG using lvmlockd if LVM is compiled with lockd support.
lvmlockd will select lock type sanlock or dlm depending on which lock
manager is running. This allows multiple hosts to share a VG on shared
devices. lvmlockd and a lock manager must be configured and running. See
.BR lvmlockd (8).
.TP
.BR \-\-systemid " " \fISystemID
Specifies the system ID that will be given to the new VG, overriding the
system ID of the host running the command. A VG is normally created
without this option, in which case the new VG is given the system ID of
the host creating it. Using this option requires caution because the
system ID of the new VG may not match the system ID of the host running
the command, leaving the VG inaccessible to the host. See
.BR lvmsystemid (7).
.SH PHYSICAL DEVICE OPTIONS
The following options are available for initializing physical devices in the
volume group. These options are further described in the \fBpvcreate\fP(8)
man page.
.TP
.BR \-f ", " \-\-force
.TP
.BR \-y ", " \-\-yes
.TP
.BR \-Z ", " \-\-zero " {" \fIy | \fIn }
.TP
.B \-\-labelsector \fIsector
.TP
.B \-\-metadatasize \fIsize
.TP
.B \-\-pvmetadatacopies \fIcopies
.TP
.B \-\-dataalignment \fIalignment
.TP
.B \-\-dataalignmentoffset \fIalignment_offset
.SH Examples
Creates a volume group named "test_vg" using physical volumes "/dev/sdk1"
and "/dev/sdl1" with default physical extent size of 4MiB:
.sp
.B vgcreate test_vg /dev/sdk1 /dev/sdl1
.SH SEE ALSO
.BR lvm (8),
.BR pvdisplay (8),
.BR pvcreate (8),
.BR vgdisplay (8),
.BR vgextend (8),
.BR vgreduce (8),
.BR lvcreate (8),
.BR lvdisplay (8),
.BR lvextend (8),
.BR lvreduce (8)

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vgdisplay shows the attributes of VGs, and the associated PVs and LVs.
\fBvgs\fP(8) is a preferred alternative that shows the same information
and more, using a more compact and configurable output format.

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.TH VGDISPLAY 8 "LVM TOOLS #VERSION#" "Sistina Software UK" \" -*- nroff -*-
.SH NAME
vgdisplay \(em display attributes of volume groups
.SH SYNOPSIS
.B vgdisplay
.RB [ \-A | \-\-activevolumegroups ]
.RB [ \-c | \-\-colon ]
.RB [ \-\-commandprofile
.IR ProfileName ]
.RB [ \-\-reportformat
.RB { basic | json }]
.RB [ \-s | \-\-short ]
.RB [ \-S | \-\-select
.IR Selection ]
.RB [ \-v | \-\-verbose ]
.RB [ \-d | \-\-debug ]
.RB [ \-h | \-\-help ]
.RB [ \-\-ignorelockingfailure ]
.RB [ \-\-ignoreskippedcluster ]
.RB [ \-\-nosuffix ]
.RB [ \-P | \-\-partial ]
.RB [ \-\-units
.IR hHbBsSkKmMgGtTpPeE ]
.RB [ \-\-version ]
.RI [ VolumeGroupName ...]
.br
.br
.B vgdisplay
.BR \-C | \-\-columns
.RB [ \-\-aligned ]
.RB [ \-\-binary ]
.RB [ \-\-commandprofile
.IR ProfileName ]
.RB [[ \-\-configreport
.IR ReportName ]
.RB [ \-o | \-\-options
.RI [ + | \- | # ] Field1 [, Field2 ...]
.RB [ \-O | \-\-sort
.RI [ + | \- ] Key1 [, Key2 ...]]
.RB [ \-S | \-\-select
.IR Selection ]
.RB ...]
.RB [ \-d | \-\-debug ]
.RB [ \-h | \-? | \-\-help ]
.RB [ \-\-ignorelockingfailure ]
.RB [ \-\-ignoreskippedcluster ]
.RB [ \-\-logonly ]
.RB [ \-\-noheadings ]
.RB [ \-\-nosuffix ]
.RB [ \-P | \-\-partial ]
.RB [ \-\-reportformat
.RB { basic | json }]
.RB [ \-\-separator
.IR Separator ]
.RB [ \-\-unbuffered ]
.RB [ \-\-units
.IR hHbBsSkKmMgGtTpPeE ]
.RB [ \-v | \-\-verbose ]
.RB [ \-\-version ]
.RI [ VolumeGroupName ...]
.SH DESCRIPTION
vgdisplay allows you to see the attributes of
.I VolumeGroupName
(or all volume groups if none is given) with it's physical and logical
volumes and their sizes etc.
.P
\fBvgs\fP(8) is an alternative that provides the same information
in the style of \fBps\fP(1).
.SH OPTIONS
See \fBlvm\fP(8) for common options.
.TP
.BR \-A ", " \-\-activevolumegroups
Only select the active volume groups. The volume group is considered active
if at least one of its logical volumes is active.
.TP
.BR \-C ", " \-\-columns
Display output in columns, the equivalent of \fBvgs\fP(8).
Options listed are the same as options given in \fPvgs\fP(8).
.TP
.BR \-c ", " \-\-colon
Generate colon separated output for easier parsing in scripts or programs.
N.B. \fBvgs\fP(8) provides considerably more control over the output.
.nf
The values are:
1 volume group name
2 volume group access
3 volume group status
4 internal volume group number
5 maximum number of logical volumes
6 current number of logical volumes
7 open count of all logical volumes in this volume group
8 maximum logical volume size
9 maximum number of physical volumes
10 current number of physical volumes
11 actual number of physical volumes
12 size of volume group in kilobytes
13 physical extent size
14 total number of physical extents for this volume group
15 allocated number of physical extents for this volume group
16 free number of physical extents for this volume group
17 uuid of volume group
.fi
.TP
.BR \-s ", " \-\-short
Give a short listing showing the existence of volume groups.
.TP
.BR \-v ", " \-\-verbose
Display verbose information containing long listings of physical
and logical volumes. If given twice, also display verbose runtime
information of vgdisplay's activities.
.TP
.B \-\-version
Display version and exit successfully.
.SH SEE ALSO
.BR lvm (8),
.BR vgs (8),
.BR pvcreate (8),
.BR vgcreate (8),
.BR lvcreate (8)

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vgexport makes inactive VGs unknown to the system. In this state, all the
PVs in the VG can be moved to a different system, from which
\fBvgimport\fP can then be run.
Most LVM tools ignore exported VGs.
vgexport clears the VG system ID, and vgimport sets the VG system ID to
match the host running vgimport (if the host has a system ID).

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.TH VGEXPORT 8 "LVM TOOLS #VERSION#" "Sistina Software UK" \" -*- nroff -*-
.SH NAME
vgexport \- make volume groups unknown to the system
.SH SYNOPSIS
.B vgexport
.RB [ \-a | \-\-all ]
.RB [ \-\-commandprofile
.IR ProfileName ]
.RB [ \-d | \-\-debug ]
.RB [ \-h | \-? | \-\-help ]
.RB [ \-\-reportformat
.RB { basic | json }]
.RB [ \-S | \-\-select
.IR Selection ]
.RB [ \-v | \-\-verbose ]
.RI [ VolumeGroupName ...]
.SH DESCRIPTION
vgexport allows you to make the inactive
.IR VolumeGroupName (s)
unknown to the system.
You can then move all the Physical Volumes in that Volume Group to
a different system for later
.BR vgimport (8).
Most LVM2 tools ignore exported Volume Groups.
vgexport clears the VG system ID, and vgimport sets the VG system ID
to match the host running vgimport (if the host has a system ID).
.SH OPTIONS
See \fBlvm\fP(8) for common options.
.TP
.BR \-a ", " \-\-all
Export all inactive Volume Groups.
.SH SEE ALSO
.BR lvm (8),
.BR pvscan (8),
.BR vgimport (8),
.BR vgscan (8),
.BR lvmsystemid (7)

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vgextend adds one or more PVs to a VG. This increases the space available
for LVs in the VG.
Also, PVs that have gone missing and then returned, e.g. due to a
transient device failure, can be added back to the VG without
re-initializing them (see \-\-restoremissing).
If the specified PVs have not yet been initialized with pvcreate, vgextend
will initialize them. In this case pvcreate options can be used, e.g.
\-\-labelsector, \-\-metadatasize, \-\-metadataignore,
\-\-pvmetadatacopies, \-\-dataalignment, \-\-dataalignmentoffset.

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.SH EXAMPLES
Add two PVs to a VG.
.br
.B vgextend vg00 /dev/sda4 /dev/sdn1

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.TH VGEXTEND 8 "LVM TOOLS #VERSION#" "Sistina Software UK" \" -*- nroff -*-
.SH NAME
vgextend \(em add physical volumes to a volume group
.SH SYNOPSIS
.B vgextend
.RB [ \-A | \-\-autobackup
.RI { y | n }]
.RB [ \-\-commandprofile
.IR ProfileName ]
.RB [ \-d | \-\-debug ]
.RB [ \-h | \-? | \-\-help ]
.RB [ \-\-reportformat
.RB { basic | json }]
.RB [ \-\-restoremissing ]
.RB [ \-f | \-\-force ]
.RB [ \-t | \-\-test ]
.RB [ \-v | \-\-verbose ]
.RB [ "PHYSICAL DEVICE OPTIONS" ]
.I VolumeGroupName PhysicalDevicePath
.RI [ PhysicalDevicePath ...]
.SH DESCRIPTION
vgextend allows you to add one or more initialized physical volumes
(see \fBpvcreate\fP(8)) to an existing volume group to extend it in size. Moreover, it allows you to
re-add a physical volume that has gone missing previously, due to a transient
device failure, without re-initialising it. Use
\fBvgextend \-\-restoremissing\fP to that effect.
.sp
If \fIPhysicalDevicePath\fP was not previously configured for LVM with
\fBpvcreate\fP(8), the device will be initialized with the same
default values used with \fBpvcreate\fP(8). If non-default
\fPpvcreate\fP(8) values are desired, they may be given on the
commandline with the same options as \fPpvcreate\fP(8). See
.B PHYSICAL DEVICE OPTIONS
for available options. Note that the restore-related options such as
.BR \-\-restorefile ", " \-\-uuid " and " \-\-physicalvolumesize
are not available. If a restore operation
is needed, use \fBpvcreate\fP(8) and \fBvgcfgrestore\fP(8).
.SH OPTIONS
See \fBlvm\fP(8) for common options.
.SH PHYSICAL DEVICE OPTIONS
The following options are available for initializing physical devices in the
volume group. These options are further described in the
\fBpvcreate\fP(8) man page.
.TP
.BR \-f ", " \-\-force
.TP
.BR \-y ", " \-\-yes
.TP
.BR \-Z ", " \-\-zero " {" \fIy | \fIn }
.TP
.B \-\-labelsector \fIsector
.TP
.B \-\-metadatasize \fIsize
.TP
.BR \-\-metadataignore " {" \fIy | \fIn }
.TP
.B \-\-pvmetadatacopies \fIcopies
.TP
.B \-\-dataalignment \fIalignment
.TP
.B \-\-dataalignmentoffset \fIalignment_offset
.SH Examples
Extends the existing volume group "vg00" by the new physical volumes
(see \fBpvcreate\fP(8)) "/dev/sda4" and "/dev/sdn1".
.sp
.B vgextend vg00 /dev/sda4 /dev/sdn1
.SH SEE ALSO
.BR lvm (8),
.BR vgcreate (8),
.BR vgreduce (8),
.BR pvcreate (8)

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