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This moves the StartLimitBurst=, StartLimitInterval=, StartLimitAction=, RebootArgument= from the [Service] section
into the [Unit] section of unit files, and thus support it in all unit types, not just in services.
This way we can enforce the start limit much earlier, in particular before testing the unit conditions, so that
repeated start-up failure due to failed conditions is also considered for the start limit logic.
For compatibility the four options may also be configured in the [Service] section still, but we only document them in
their new section [Unit].
This also renamed the socket unit failure code "service-failed-permanent" into "service-start-limit-hit" to express
more clearly what it is about, after all it's only triggered through the start limit being hit.
Finally, the code in busname_trigger_notify() and socket_trigger_notify() is altered to become more alike.
Fixes: #2467
This makes sure we never run two control processes at the same time, we cannot keep track off.
This introduces a slight change of behaviour but cleans up the definition of ExecStop= and ExecStopPost=. The former is
now invoked only if the service managed to start-up correctly. The latter is called even if start-up failed half-way.
Thus, ExecStopPost= may be used as clean-up step for both successful and failed start-up attempts, but ExecStop='s
purpose is clearly defined as being responsible for shutting down the service and nothing else.
The precise behaviour of this was not documented yet. This commit adds the necessary docs.
Fixes: #1254
This adds a new switch --as-pid2, which allows running commands as PID 2, while a stub init process is run as PID 1.
This is useful in order to run arbitrary commands in a container, as PID1's semantics are different from all other
processes regarding reaping of unknown children or signal handling.
This adds two new calls to get the list of all journal fields names currently in use.
This is the low-level support to implement the feature requested in #2176 in a more optimized way.
This should simplify handling of time events in clients and is in-line with the USEC_INFINITY macro we already have.
This way setting a timeout to 0 indicates "elapse immediately", and a timeout of USEC_INFINITY "elapse never".
Also introduce sd_journal_has_runtime_files() and
sd_journal_has_persistent_files() to the public API. These functions
can be used to easily find out if the open journal files are runtime
and/or persistent.
But also keep the old name as (undocumented) compatibility around.
The reload-or-try-restart was documented to be a NOP if the unit is not running, since the previous commits this is
also implemented. The old name suggests that the "try" logic only applies to restarting. Fix this, by moving the "try-"
to the front, to indicate that the whole option is a NOP if the service isn't running.
This changes the UseDomains= setting of .network files to take an optional third value "route", in addition to the
boolean values. If set, the passed domain information is used for routing rules only, but not for the search path
logic.
Previously, .network files only knew a vaguely defined "Domains=" concept, for which the documentation declared it was
the "DNS domain" for the network connection, without specifying what that means.
With this the Domains setting is reworked, so that there are now "routing" domains and "search" domains. The former are
to be used by resolved to route DNS request to specific network interfaces, the latter is to be used for searching
single-label hostnames with (in addition to being used for routing). Both settings are configured in the "Domains="
setting. Normal domain names listed in it are now considered search domains (for compatibility with existing setups),
while those prefixed with "~" are considered routing domains only. To route all lookups to a specific interface the
routing domain "." may be used, referring to the root domain. An alternative syntax for this is the "*", as was already
implemented before using the "wildcard" domain concept.
This commit adds proper parsers for this new logic, and exposes this via the sd-network API. This information is not
used by resolved yet, this will be added in a later commit.
We have 126 broken links to sd-bus.html, it's nice to fix that.
Current version is mostly a stub, with a long list of links to other
pages. I think that's fine, especially that sd-bus might evolve
quite a bit before it is made public.
Not all of linked pages are written. Still missing:
sd_bus_can_send
sd_bus_get_name_creds
sd_bus_get_owner_creds
sd_bus_message_can_send
sd_bus_message_get_creds
sd_bus_message_set_allow_interactive_authorization
sd_bus_send
sd_bus_set_address
sd_bus_set_description
sd_bus_start
sd_event_set_prepare
sd-device
systemd.busname
... to determine if color output should be enabled. If the variable is not set,
fall back to using on_tty(). Also, rewrite existing code to use
colors_enabled() where appropriate.
- remove things which are clear from the context
- 0 is a valid descriptor number, hence "positive" → "non-negative"
- "positive" means greater than zero, hence "positive non-zero" → "positive"
- use oxford comma
- reword some things for clarity
This patch add support to configure port
PortRange:
VXLAN bases source UDP port based on flow to help the
receiver to be able to load balance based on outer header flow.
DestinatinPort:
Allow configuring the default destination port on a per-device basis.
sd_event_now() is a public function, so we must check all
arguments for validity. Update man page and add tests.
Sample debug message:
Assertion 'IN_SET(clock, CLOCK_REALTIME, CLOCK_REALTIME_ALARM, CLOCK_MONOTONIC, CLOCK_BOOTTIME, CLOCK_BOOTTIME_ALARM)' failed at src/libsystemd/sd-event/sd-event.c:2719, function sd_event_now(). Ignoring.
Allow for overriding all other machine-ids which may be present on
the system using a kernel command line systemd.machine_id or
--machine-id= option.
This is especially useful for network booted systems where the
machine-id needs to be static, or for containers where a specific
machine-id is wanted.
Let's increase compatibility with many private domains by default, and
ship a default NTA list of wel-known private domains, where it is
unlikely they will be deployed as official TLD anytime soon.
This adds logic to detect cases like the Fritz!Box routers which serve
a private DNS domain "fritz.box" under the TLD "box" that does not
exist in the root servers. If this is detected DNSSEC validation is
turned off for this private domain, thus improving compatibility with
such private DNS zones.
This should be fairly secure as we first rely on the proof that .box
does not exist before this logic is applied. Nevertheless the logic is
only enabled for DNSSEC=allow-downgrade mode.
This logic does not work for routers that set up a full DNS zone directly
under a non-existing TLD, as in that case we cannot prove
that the domain is truly non-existing according to the root servers.
While journal received remotely can be sealed, it can only be done
on the command line using --seal, so for consistency, we will
also permit to set it in the configuration file.
The current code is not compatible with current dkr protocols anyway,
and dkr has a different focus ("microservices") than nspawn anyway
("whole machine containers"), hence drop support for it, we cannot
reasonably keep this up to date, and it creates the impression we'd
actually care for the microservices usecase.
GLIB has recently started to officially support the gcc cleanup
attribute in its public API, hence let's do the same for our APIs.
With this patch we'll define an xyz_unrefp() call for each public
xyz_unref() call, to make it easy to use inside a
__attribute__((cleanup())) expression. Then, all code is ported over to
make use of this.
The new calls are also documented in the man pages, with examples how to
use them (well, I only added docs where the _unref() call itself already
had docs, and the examples, only cover sd_bus_unrefp() and
sd_event_unrefp()).
This also renames sd_lldp_free() to sd_lldp_unref(), since that's how we
tend to call our destructors these days.
Note that this defines no public macro that wraps gcc's attribute and
makes it easier to use. While I think it's our duty in the library to
make our stuff easy to use, I figure it's not our duty to make gcc's own
features easy to use on its own. Most likely, client code which wants to
make use of this should define its own:
#define _cleanup_(function) __attribute__((cleanup(function)))
Or similar, to make the gcc feature easier to use.
Making this logic public has the benefit that we can remove three header
files whose only purpose was to define these functions internally.
See #2008.
The name RandomSec is too generic: "Sec" just specifies the default
unit type, and "Random" by itself is not enough. Rename to something
that should give the user general idea what the setting does without
looking at documentation.
With this change, we add a new object to resolved, "DnsSearchDomain="
which wraps a search domain. This is then used to introduce a global
search domain list, in addition to the existing per-link search domain
list which is reword to make use of this new object too.
This is preparation for implement proper unicast DNS search domain
support.
/etc/resolv.conf is only read when the DNS= setting does not appear at
all in resolved.conf, regardless if set to the empty list or anything
else. Correct that in the man page.
The new parser supports:
<value> - specify both limits to the same value
<soft:hard> - specify both limits
the size or time specific suffixes are supported, for example
LimitRTTIME=1sec
LimitAS=4G:16G
The patch introduces parse_rlimit_range() and rlim type (size, sec,
usec, etc.) specific parsers. No code is duplicated now.
The patch also sync docs for DefaultLimitXXX= and LimitXXX=.
References: https://github.com/systemd/systemd/issues/1769
Links like http://www.freedesktop.org/software/systemd/man/systemd.socket.html
are changed to http://www.freedesktop.org/software/systemd/man/systemd.socket.html#Accept=.
This implementation is quick & dirty, and misses various corner
cases. A fairly important one is that when a few directives share the
same anchor (which happens when multiple directives are described in
the same paragraph), generated links for everything except the first
one link to an invalid anchor. Another shortcoming is that the
formatting does not use the proper generateID machinery, so the anchor
name could be wrong in some cases. But it seems to work for a large
percentage of links, so seems to be an improvement in usability. When
the anchor is missing, we land at the top of the page, which is the
same as before. If the anchor were to point to different spot, this
would be more confusing... Not sure if that ever happens. Anyway, the
user should be able to recover from landing on the wrong place in the
page.
(Mostly) fixes https://github.com/systemd/systemd/issues/1956.
'set-property' has been primarly designed to change some properties of
*active* units.
However it can easily work on inactive units as well. In that case
changes are only saved in a drop-in for futur uses and changes will be
effective when unit will be started.
Actually it already works on inactive units but that was not
documented and not fully supported. Indeed the inactive units had to
be known by the manager otherwise it was reported as not loaded:
$ systemctl status my-test.service
* my-test.service - My Testing Unit
Loaded: loaded (/etc/systemd/system/my-test.service; static; vendor preset: disabled)
Drop-In: /etc/systemd/system/my-test.service.d
Active: inactive (dead)
$ systemctl set-property my-test.service MemoryLimit=1000000
Failed to set unit properties on my-test.service: Unit my-test.service is not loaded.
[ Note: that the unit load state reported by the 'status' command
might be confusing since it claimed the unit as loaded but
'set-property' reported the contrary. ]
One can possibily workaround this by making the unit a dependency of
another active unit so the manager will keep it around:
$ systemctl add-wants multi-user.target my-test.service
Created symlink from /etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/my-test.service to /etc/systemd/system/my-test.service.
$ systemctl set-property my-test.service MemoryLimit=1000000
$ systemctl status my-test.service
* my-test.service - My Testing Unit
Loaded: loaded (/etc/systemd/system/my-test.service; enabled; vendor preset: disabled)
Drop-In: /etc/systemd/system/my-test.service.d
`-50-MemoryLimit.conf
Active: inactive (dead)
This patch simply forces 'SetUnitProperties()' to load the unit if
it's not already the case.
It also documents the fact that 'set-property' can be used on inactive
units.
This completes the set of man pages for sd-event and contains some minor
other fixes for other man pages too.
The sd_event_set_name(3) man page is renamed to
sd_event_source_set_description(3), which is the correct name of the
concept today.
Now we don't support the socket protocol like
sctp and udplite .
This patch add a new config param
SocketProtocol: udplite/sctp
With this now we can configure the protocol as
udplite = IPPROTO_UDPLITE
sctp = IPPROTO_SCTP
Tested with nspawn:
journald: turn ForwardToSyslog= off by default
After all, rsyslog and friends nowadays read their data directly from
the journal, hence the forwarding is unnecessary in most cases.
see 46b131574f
Previously, after a timer unit elapsed we'd leave it around for good,
which has the nice benefit that starting a timer that shall trigger at a
specific point in time multiple times will only result in one trigger
instead of possibly many. With this change a new option
RemainAfterElapse= is added. It defaults to "true", to mimic the old
behaviour. If set to "false" timer units will be unloaded after they
elapsed. This is specifically useful for transient timer units.
It's not a good idea to create subvolumes for parts of the OS tree (such
as /home, or /var) if the root directory is not a subvolume too. We
shouldn't assume control of "heavier" objects such as subvolumes, if the
originating object (the root directory) is a "light-weight" object, i.e.
a plain directory.
Effectively this means that chroot() environments that are run on a
plain directory do not have to deal with problems around systemd
creating subvolumes that cannot be removed with a simple "rm" anymore.
However, if the chroot manager creates a proper subvolume for such an
environment it will also get further subvolumes placed in there, under
the assumption that the manager understands the concept of subvolumes in
that case.
This new setting configures the TasksMax= field for the slice objects we
create for each user.
This alters logind to create the slice unit as transient unit explicitly
instead of relying on implicit generation of slice units by simply
starting them. This also enables us to set a friendly description for
slice units that way.
nginx defines an uppercase "M" that way (in contrast to the lowercase
"m" for "minute"), and it sounds like an OK logic to follow, so that we
understand a true superset of time values nginx understands.
http://nginx.org/en/docs/syntax.html
As it turns out the kernel does not support per-interface IPv6 packet
forwarding controls (unlike as it does for IPv4), but only supports a
global option (#1597). Also, the current per-interface management of the
setting isn't really useful, as you want it to propagate to at least one
more interface than the one you configure it on. This created much grief
(#1411, #1808).
Hence, let's roll this logic back and simplify this again, so that we
can expose the same behaviour on IPv4 and IPv6 and things start to work
automatically again for most folks: if a network with this setting set
is set up we propagate the setting into the global setting, but this is
strictly one-way: we never reset it again, and we do nothing for network
interfaces where this setting is not enabled.
Fixes: #1808, #1597.
The new switch operates like --network-veth, but may be specified
multiple times (to define multiple link pairs) and allows flexible
definition of the interface names.
This is an independent reimplementation of #1678, but defines different
semantics, keeping the behaviour completely independent of
--network-veth. It also comes will full hook-up for .nspawn files, and
the matching documentation.
As discussed at systemd.conf 2015 and on also raised on the ML:
http://lists.freedesktop.org/archives/systemd-devel/2015-November/034880.html
This removes the two XyzOverridable= unit dependencies, that were
basically never used, and do not enhance user experience in any way.
Most folks looking for the functionality this provides probably opt for
the "ignore-dependencies" job mode, and that's probably a good idea.
Hence, let's simplify systemd's dependency engine and remove these two
dependency types (and their inverses).
The unit file parser and the dbus property parser will now redirect
the settings/properties to result in an equivalent non-overridable
dependency. In the case of the unit file parser we generate a warning,
to inform the user.
The dbus properties for this unit type stay available on the unit
objects, but they are now hidden from usual introspection and will
always return the empty list when queried.
This should provide enough compatibility for the few unit files that
actually ever made use of this.
Previously, the %u, %U, %s and %h specifiers would resolve to the user
name, numeric user ID, shell and home directory of the user configured
in the User= setting of a unit file, or the user of the manager instance
if no User= setting was configured. That at least was the theory. In
real-life this was not ever actually useful:
- For the systemd --user instance it made no sense to ever set User=,
since the instance runs in user context after all, and hence the
privileges to change user IDs don't even exist. The four specifiers
were actually not useful at all in this case.
- For the systemd --system instance we did not allow any resolving that
would require NSS. Hence, %s and %h were not supported, unless
User=root was set, in which case they would be hardcoded to /bin/sh
and /root, to avoid NSS. Then, %u would actually resolve to whatever
was set with User=, but %U would only resolve to the numeric UID of
that setting if the User= was specified in numeric form, or happened
to be root (in which case 0 was hardcoded as mapping). Two of the
specifiers are entirely useless in this case, one is realistically
also useless, and one is pretty pointless.
- Resolving of these settings would only happen if User= was actually
set *before* the specifiers where resolved. This behaviour was
undocumented and is really ugly, as specifiers should actually be
considered something that applies to the whole file equally,
independently of order...
With this change, %u, %U, %s and %h are drastically simplified: they now
always refer to the user that is running the service instance, and the
user configured in the unit file is irrelevant. For the system instance
of systemd this means they always resolve to "root", "0", "/bin/sh" and
"/root", thus avoiding NSS. For the user instance, to the data for the
specific user.
The new behaviour is identical to the old behaviour in all --user cases
and for all units that have no User= set (or set to "0" or "root").
Some distributions use alias unit files via symlinks in /usr to cover
for legacy service names. With this change we'll allow "systemctl
enable" on such aliases.
Previously, our rule was that symlinks are user configuration that
"systemctl enable" + "systemctl disable" creates and removes, while unit
files is where the instructions to do so are store. As a result of the
rule we'd never read install information through symlinks, since that
would mix enablement state with installation instructions.
Now, the new rule is that only symlinks inside of /etc are
configuration. Unit files, and symlinks in /usr are now valid for
installation instructions.
This patch is quite a rework of the whole install logic, and makes the
following addional changes:
- Adds a complete test "test-instal-root" that tests the install logic
pretty comprehensively.
- Never uses canonicalize_file_name(), because that's incompatible with
operation relative to a specific root directory.
- unit_file_get_state() is reworked to return a proper error, and
returns the state in a call-by-ref parameter. This cleans up confusion
between the enum type and errno-like errors.
- The new logic puts a limit on how long to follow unit file symlinks:
it will do so only for 64 steps at max.
- The InstallContext object's fields are renamed to will_process and
has_processed (will_install and has_installed) since they are also
used for deinstallation and all kinds of other operations.
- The root directory is always verified before use.
- install.c is reordered to place the exported functions together.
- Stricter rules are followed when traversing symlinks: the unit suffix
must say identical, and it's not allowed to link between regular units
and templated units.
- Various modernizations
- The "invalid" unit file state has been renamed to "bad", in order to
avoid confusion between UNIT_FILE_INVALID and
_UNIT_FILE_STATE_INVALID. Given that the state should normally not be
seen and is not documented this should not be a problematic change.
The new name is now documented however.
Fixes#1375, #1718, #1706
Apparently, util-linux' mount command implicitly drops the smack-related
options anyway before passing them to the kernel, if the kernel doesn't
know SMACK, hence there's no point in duplicating this in systemd.
Fixes#1696
For all units ensure there's an "Automatic Dependencies" section in the
man page, and explain which dependencies are automatically added in all
cases, and which ones are added on top if DefaultDependencies=yes is
set.
This is also done for systemd.exec(5), systemd.resource-control(5) and
systemd.unit(5) as these pages describe common behaviour of various unit
types.
This directive allows passing environment variables from the system
manager to spawned services. Variables in the system manager can be set
inside a container by passing `--set-env=...` options to systemd-spawn.
Tested with an on-disk test.service unit. Tested using multiple variable
names on a single line, with an empty setting to clear the current list
of variables, with non-existing variables.
Tested using `systemd-run -p PassEnvironment=VARNAME` to confirm it
works with transient units.
Confirmed that `systemctl show` will display the PassEnvironment
settings.
Checked that man pages are generated correctly.
No regressions in `make check`.
The previous behavior:
When DHCPv6 was enabled, router discover was performed first, and then DHCPv6 was
enabled only if the relevant flags were passed in the Router Advertisement message.
Moreover, router discovery was performed even if AcceptRouterAdvertisements=false,
moreover, even if router advertisements were accepted (by the kernel) the flags
indicating that DHCPv6 should be performed were ignored.
New behavior:
If RouterAdvertisements are accepted, and either no routers are found, or an
advertisement is received indicating DHCPv6 should be performed, the DHCPv6
client is started. Moreover, the DHCP option now truly enables the DHCPv6
client regardless of router discovery (though it will probably not be
very useful to get a lease withotu any routes, this seems the more consistent
approach).
The recommended default setting should be to set DHCP=ipv4 and to leave
IPv6AcceptRouterAdvertisements unset.
Of course, ideally we'd just use normal synchronous bus calls, but this
is out of the question as long as we rely on dbus-daemon (which logs to
journald, and thus cannot use to avoid cyclic sync loops). Hence,
instead, reuse the wait logic already implemented for --sync, and use a
signal in one direction, and a mtime watch file for the reply.
With this new "--sync" switch we add a synchronous way to sync
everything queued to disk, and return only after that's complete. This
command gives the guarantee that anything queued before has hit the disk
before the command returns.
While we are at it, also improve the man pages and help text for
journalctl a bit.
Snapshots were never useful or used for anything. Many systemd
developers that I spoke to at systemd.conf2015, didn't even know they
existed, so it is fairly safe to assume that this type can be deleted
without harm.
The fundamental problem with snapshots is that the state of the system
is dynamic, devices come and go, users log in and out, timers fire...
and restoring all units to some state from the past would "undo"
those changes, which isn't really possible.
Tested by creating a snapshot, running the new binary, and checking
that the transition did not cause errors, and the snapshot is gone,
and snapshots cannot be created anymore.
New systemctl says:
Unknown operation snapshot.
Old systemctl says:
Failed to create snapshot: Support for snapshots has been removed.
IgnoreOnSnaphost settings are warned about and ignored:
Support for option IgnoreOnSnapshot= has been removed and it is ignored
http://lists.freedesktop.org/archives/systemd-devel/2015-November/034872.html
Let's make sure "LimitCPU=30min" can be parsed properly, following the
usual logic how we parse time values. Similar for LimitRTTIME=.
While we are at it, extend a bit on the man page section about resource
limits.
Fixes: #1772
Put it at the top of the file, where it's hard to miss.
Also add the mapping of runlevel → target because since it is now
static.
I'm not adding runlevel(7), because we do not want to make obsolete
stuff even more prominent.
Let's make things more user-friendly and support for example
LimitAS=16G
rather than force users to always use LimitAS=16106127360.
The change is relevant for options:
[Default]Limit{FSIZE,DATA,STACK,CORE,RSS,AS,MEMLOCK,MSGQUEUE}
The patch introduces config_parse_bytes_limit(), it's the same as
config_parse_limit() but uses parse_size() tu support the suffixes.
Addresses: https://github.com/systemd/systemd/issues/1772
The existing text misleads readers into thinking how the notify socket protocol is "internals" and that they can only use the functions. However, the socket is part of the Interface Stability Promise. So, we should drop "internally" from the description so the man page both indicates both how the functions work and how one would talk to the socket directly.
Document support for commas as a separator and possibility of specifying
ranges of CPU indices.
Tested by regenerating the manpages locally and reading them on man.
Technically, it's safer that way, since dnf is supposed to parse the
"*", not the shell. It doesn't really matter too much in real life (as
the expression is too complex), but let's better be safe than sorry, and
make sure people won't file bugs about this...
This option specifies the label to assign the root of the file system if
it lacks the Smack extended attribute. Note that this option will be
ignored if kernel does not support the Smack feature by runtime
checking.
Without the updates repo, we are installing packages from the time
that that version of Fedora was released. Normally, during the
lifetime of the release most packages are updated, so most of the
packages installed would be outdated, and the first update after
installation would update a massive set of packages. Avoid all this
by installing from the updates repo from the start.
Keys for previous and future Fedora distributions were added
for the fedora-repos package recently:
https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=1246701.
There is no need to skip signature checking.
Also, update to the latest and greatest and remove unnecessary quotes.
`systemd-tmpfiles --clean ./some.conf` doesn't work:
Failed to open './some.conf', ignoring: No such file or directory
`systemd-tmpfiles --clean $(realpath ./some.conf)` works fine.
Adding them to the documentation makes it easier to find
the right man page for people who are trying to understand
where some socket in the filesystem is coming from.
Instead of freezing in PID1 and letting the forked child freeze or
reboot when exec("/bin/sh") fails, just wait for the child's
exit and then do the freeze_or_reboot in PID1 as usual.
This means that when both crash_shell and crash_reboot are enabled, the
system will reboot after the shell exits.
