mirror of
https://github.com/containous/traefik.git
synced 2025-10-30 20:24:28 +03:00
100 lines
4.7 KiB
Markdown
100 lines
4.7 KiB
Markdown
# Overview
|
|
|
|
What's Happening to the Requests?
|
|
{: .subtitle }
|
|
|
|
Let's zoom on Traefik's architecture and talk about the components that enable the routes to be created.
|
|
|
|
First, when you start Traefik, you define [entrypoints](../entrypoints) (in their most basic forms, they are port numbers).
|
|
Then, connected to these entrypoints, [routers](../routers) analyze the incoming requests to see if they match a set of [rules](../routers#rule).
|
|
If they do, the router might transform the request using pieces of [middleware](../middlewares/overview.md) before forwarding them to your [services](./services/index.md).
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
## Clear Responsibilities
|
|
|
|
- [_Providers_](../providers/overview.md) discover the services that live on your infrastructure (their IP, health, ...)
|
|
- [_Entrypoints_](./entrypoints.md) listen for incomming traffic (ports, ...)
|
|
- [_Routers_](./routers/index.md) analyse the requests (host, path, headers, SSL, ...)
|
|
- [_Services_](./services/index.md) forward the request to your services (load balancing, ...)
|
|
- [_Middlewares_](../middlewares/overview.md) may update the request or make decisions based on the request (authentication, rate limiting, headers, ...)
|
|
|
|
## Example with a File Provider
|
|
|
|
Below is an example of a full configuration file for the [file provider](../providers/file.md) that forwards `http://domain/whoami/` requests to a service reachable on `http://private/whoami-service/`.
|
|
In the process, Traefik will make sure that the user is authenticated (using the [BasicAuth middleware](../middlewares/basicauth.md)).
|
|
|
|
```toml
|
|
[entryPoints]
|
|
[entryPoints.web]
|
|
address = ":8081" # Listen on port 8081 for incoming requests
|
|
|
|
[providers]
|
|
[providers.file] # Enable the file provider to define routers / middlewares / services in a file
|
|
|
|
[http] # http routing section
|
|
[http.routers]
|
|
[http.routers.to-whoami] # Define a connection between requests and services
|
|
rule = "Host(domain) && PathPrefix(/whoami/)"
|
|
middlewares = ["test-user"] # If the rule matches, applies the middleware
|
|
service = "whoami" # If the rule matches, forward to the whoami service (declared below)
|
|
|
|
[http.middlewares]
|
|
[http.middlewares.test-user.basicauth] # Define an authentication mechanism
|
|
users = ["test:$apr1$H6uskkkW$IgXLP6ewTrSuBkTrqE8wj/"]
|
|
|
|
[http.services]
|
|
[http.services.whoami.loadbalancer] # Define how to reach an existing service on our infrastructure
|
|
[[http.services.whoami.loadbalancer.servers]]
|
|
url = "http://private/whoami-service"
|
|
```
|
|
|
|
!!! note "The File Provider"
|
|
|
|
In this example, we use the [file provider](../providers/file.md).
|
|
Even if it is one of the least magical way of configuring Traefik, it explicitly describes every available notion.
|
|
|
|
!!! note "HTTP / TCP"
|
|
|
|
In this example, we've defined routing rules for http requests only.
|
|
Traefik also supports TCP requests. To add [TCP routers](./routers/index.md) and [TCP services](./services/index.md), declare them in a TCP section like in the following.
|
|
|
|
??? example "Adding a TCP route for TLS requests on whoami.traefik.io"
|
|
|
|
```toml
|
|
[entryPoints]
|
|
[entryPoints.web]
|
|
address = ":8081" # Listen on port 8081 for incoming requests
|
|
|
|
[providers]
|
|
[providers.file] # Enable the file provider to define routers / middlewares / services in a file
|
|
|
|
[http] # http routing section
|
|
[http.routers]
|
|
[http.routers.to-whoami] # Define a connection between requests and services
|
|
rule = "Host(`domain`) && PathPrefix(/whoami/)"
|
|
middlewares = ["test-user"] # If the rule matches, applies the middleware
|
|
service = "whoami" # If the rule matches, forward to the whoami service (declared below)
|
|
|
|
[http.middlewares]
|
|
[http.middlewares.test-user.basicauth] # Define an authentication mechanism
|
|
users = ["test:$apr1$H6uskkkW$IgXLP6ewTrSuBkTrqE8wj/"]
|
|
|
|
[http.services]
|
|
[http.services.whoami.loadbalancer] # Define how to reach an existing service on our infrastructure
|
|
[[http.services.whoami.loadbalancer.servers]]
|
|
url = "http://private/whoami-service"
|
|
|
|
[tcp]
|
|
[tcp.routers]
|
|
[tcp.routers.to-whoami-tcp]
|
|
rule = "HostSNI(`whoami-tcp.traefik.io`)"
|
|
service = "whoami-tcp"
|
|
[tcp.routers.to-whoami-tcp.tls]
|
|
|
|
[tcp.services]
|
|
[tcp.services.whoami-tcp.loadbalancer]
|
|
[[tcp.services.whoami-tcp.loadbalancer.servers]]
|
|
address = "xx.xx.xx.xx:xx"
|
|
```
|