shaba/traefik

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Ludovic Fernandez 3a45f05e36

Update go-acme/lego to v4.1.0

2020-11-08 23:24:04 +01:00

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Let's Encrypt

Automatic HTTPS {: .subtitle }

You can configure Traefik to use an ACME provider (like Let's Encrypt) for automatic certificate generation.

!!! warning "Let's Encrypt and Rate Limiting" Note that Let's Encrypt API has rate limiting.

Use Let's Encrypt staging server with the [`caServer`](#caserver) configuration option
when experimenting to avoid hitting this limit too fast.

Certificate Resolvers

Traefik requires you to define "Certificate Resolvers" in the static configuration, which are responsible for retrieving certificates from an ACME server.

Then, each "router" is configured to enable TLS, and is associated to a certificate resolver through the tls.certresolver configuration option.

Certificates are requested for domain names retrieved from the router's dynamic configuration.

You can read more about this retrieval mechanism in the following section: ACME Domain Definition.

!!! important "Defining a certificates resolver does not result in all routers automatically using it. Each router that is supposed to use the resolver must reference it."

??? note "Configuration Reference"

There are many available options for ACME.
For a quick glance at what's possible, browse the configuration reference:

```toml tab="File (TOML)"
--8<-- "content/https/ref-acme.toml"
```

```yaml tab="File (YAML)"
--8<-- "content/https/ref-acme.yaml"
```

```bash tab="CLI"
--8<-- "content/https/ref-acme.txt"
```

Domain Definition

Certificate resolvers request certificates for a set of the domain names inferred from routers, with the following logic:

If the router has a tls.domains option set, then the certificate resolver uses the main (and optionally sans) option of tls.domains to know the domain names for this router.
If no tls.domains option is set, then the certificate resolver uses the router's rule, by checking the Host() matchers. Please note that multiple Host() matchers can be used) for specifying multiple domain names for this router.

Please note that:

When multiple domain names are inferred from a given router, only one certificate is requested with the first domain name as the main domain, and the other domains as "SANs" (Subject Alternative Name).
As ACME V2 supports "wildcard domains", any router can provide a wildcard domain name, as "main" domain or as "SAN" domain.

Please check the configuration examples below for more details.

Configuration Examples

??? example "Enabling ACME"

```toml tab="File (TOML)"
[entryPoints]
  [entryPoints.web]
    address = ":80"

  [entryPoints.websecure]
    address = ":443"

[certificatesResolvers.myresolver.acme]
  email = "your-email@example.com"
  storage = "acme.json"
  [certificatesResolvers.myresolver.acme.httpChallenge]
    # used during the challenge
    entryPoint = "web"
```

```yaml tab="File (YAML)"
entryPoints:
  web:
    address: ":80"

  websecure:
    address: ":443"

certificatesResolvers:
  myresolver:
    acme:
      email: your-email@example.com
      storage: acme.json
      httpChallenge:
        # used during the challenge
        entryPoint: web
```

```bash tab="CLI"
--entrypoints.web.address=:80
--entrypoints.websecure.address=:443
# ...
--certificatesresolvers.myresolver.acme.email=your-email@example.com
--certificatesresolvers.myresolver.acme.storage=acme.json
# used during the challenge
--certificatesresolvers.myresolver.acme.httpchallenge.entrypoint=web
```

!!! important "Defining a certificates resolver does not result in all routers automatically using it. Each router that is supposed to use the resolver must reference it."

??? example "Single Domain from Router's Rule Example"

* A certificate for the domain `example.com` is requested:

--8<-- "content/https/include-acme-single-domain-example.md"

??? example "Multiple Domains from Router's Rule Example"

* A certificate for the domains `example.com` (main) and `blog.example.org`
  is requested:

--8<-- "content/https/include-acme-multiple-domains-from-rule-example.md"

??? example "Multiple Domains from Router's tls.domain Example"

* A certificate for the domains `example.com` (main) and `*.example.org` (SAN)
  is requested:
  
--8<-- "content/https/include-acme-multiple-domains-example.md"

Automatic Renewals

Traefik automatically tracks the expiry date of ACME certificates it generates.

If there are less than 30 days remaining before the certificate expires, Traefik will attempt to renew it automatically.

!!! info "" Certificates that are no longer used may still be renewed, as Traefik does not currently check if the certificate is being used before renewing.

Using LetsEncrypt with Kubernetes

When using LetsEncrypt with kubernetes, there are some known caveats with both the ingress and crd providers.

!!! info "" If you intend to run multiple instances of Traefik with LetsEncrypt, please ensure you read the sections on those provider pages.

The Different ACME Challenges

!!! important "Defining a certificates resolver does not result in all routers automatically using it. Each router that is supposed to use the resolver must reference it."

`tlsChallenge`

Use the TLS-ALPN-01 challenge to generate and renew ACME certificates by provisioning a TLS certificate.

As described on the Let's Encrypt community forum, when using the TLS-ALPN-01 challenge, Traefik must be reachable by Let's Encrypt through port 443.

??? example "Configuring the tlsChallenge"

```toml tab="File (TOML)"
[certificatesResolvers.myresolver.acme]
  # ...
  [certificatesResolvers.myresolver.acme.tlsChallenge]
```

```yaml tab="File (YAML)"
certificatesResolvers:
  myresolver:
    acme:
      # ...
      tlsChallenge: {}
```

```bash tab="CLI"
# ...
--certificatesresolvers.myresolver.acme.tlschallenge=true
```

`httpChallenge`

Use the HTTP-01 challenge to generate and renew ACME certificates by provisioning an HTTP resource under a well-known URI.

As described on the Let's Encrypt community forum, when using the HTTP-01 challenge, certificatesresolvers.myresolver.acme.httpchallenge.entrypoint must be reachable by Let's Encrypt through port 80.

??? example "Using an EntryPoint Called web for the httpChallenge"

```toml tab="File (TOML)"
[entryPoints]
  [entryPoints.web]
    address = ":80"
  
  [entryPoints.websecure]
    address = ":443"

[certificatesResolvers.myresolver.acme]
  # ...
  [certificatesResolvers.myresolver.acme.httpChallenge]
    entryPoint = "web"
```

```yaml tab="File (YAML)"
entryPoints:
  web:
    address: ":80"

  websecure:
    address: ":443"

certificatesResolvers:
  myresolver:
    acme:
      # ...
      httpChallenge:
        entryPoint: web
```

```bash tab="CLI"
--entrypoints.web.address=:80
--entrypoints.websecure.address=:443
# ...
--certificatesresolvers.myresolver.acme.httpchallenge.entrypoint=web
```

!!! info "" Redirection is fully compatible with the HTTP-01 challenge.

`dnsChallenge`

Use the DNS-01 challenge to generate and renew ACME certificates by provisioning a DNS record.

??? example "Configuring a dnsChallenge with the DigitalOcean Provider"

```toml tab="File (TOML)"
[certificatesResolvers.myresolver.acme]
  # ...
  [certificatesResolvers.myresolver.acme.dnsChallenge]
    provider = "digitalocean"
    delayBeforeCheck = 0
# ...
```

```yaml tab="File (YAML)"
certificatesResolvers:
  myresolver:
    acme:
      # ...
      dnsChallenge:
        provider: digitalocean
        delayBeforeCheck: 0
    # ...
```

```bash tab="CLI"
# ...
--certificatesresolvers.myresolver.acme.dnschallenge.provider=digitalocean
--certificatesresolvers.myresolver.acme.dnschallenge.delaybeforecheck=0
# ...
```

!!! important
    A `provider` is mandatory.

`providers`

Here is a list of supported providers, that can automate the DNS verification, along with the required environment variables and their wildcard & root domain support. Do not hesitate to complete it.

Many lego environment variables can be overridden by their respective _FILE counterpart, which should have a filepath to a file that contains the secret as its value. For example, CF_API_EMAIL_FILE=/run/secrets/traefik_cf-api-email could be used to provide a Cloudflare API email address as a Docker secret named traefik_cf-api-email.

For complete details, refer to your provider's Additional configuration link.

Provider Name	Provider Code	Environment Variables
ACME DNS	`acme-dns`	`ACME_DNS_API_BASE`, `ACME_DNS_STORAGE_PATH`	Additional configuration
Alibaba Cloud	`alidns`	`ALICLOUD_ACCESS_KEY`, `ALICLOUD_SECRET_KEY`, `ALICLOUD_REGION_ID`	Additional configuration
ArvanCloud	`arvancloud`	`ARVANCLOUD_API_KEY`	Additional configuration
Auroradns	`auroradns`	`AURORA_USER_ID`, `AURORA_KEY`, `AURORA_ENDPOINT`	Additional configuration
Autodns	`autodns`	`AUTODNS_API_USER`, `AUTODNS_API_PASSWORD`	Additional configuration
Azure	`azure`	`AZURE_CLIENT_ID`, `AZURE_CLIENT_SECRET`, `AZURE_SUBSCRIPTION_ID`, `AZURE_TENANT_ID`, `AZURE_RESOURCE_GROUP`, `[AZURE_METADATA_ENDPOINT]`	Additional configuration
Bindman	`bindman`	`BINDMAN_MANAGER_ADDRESS`	Additional configuration
Blue Cat	`bluecat`	`BLUECAT_SERVER_URL`, `BLUECAT_USER_NAME`, `BLUECAT_PASSWORD`, `BLUECAT_CONFIG_NAME`, `BLUECAT_DNS_VIEW`	Additional configuration
Checkdomain	`checkdomain`	`CHECKDOMAIN_TOKEN`,	Additional configuration
CloudDNS	`clouddns`	`CLOUDDNS_CLIENT_ID`, `CLOUDDNS_EMAIL`, `CLOUDDNS_PASSWORD`	Additional configuration
ClouDNS	`cloudns`	`CLOUDNS_AUTH_ID`, `CLOUDNS_AUTH_PASSWORD`	Additional configuration
Cloudflare	`cloudflare`	`CF_API_EMAIL`, `CF_API_KEY` ¹ or `CF_DNS_API_TOKEN`, `[CF_ZONE_API_TOKEN]`	Additional configuration
CloudXNS	`cloudxns`	`CLOUDXNS_API_KEY`, `CLOUDXNS_SECRET_KEY`	Additional configuration
ConoHa	`conoha`	`CONOHA_TENANT_ID`, `CONOHA_API_USERNAME`, `CONOHA_API_PASSWORD`	Additional configuration
Constellix	`constellix`	`CONSTELLIX_API_KEY`, `CONSTELLIX_SECRET_KEY`	Additional configuration
deSEC	`desec`	`DESEC_TOKEN`	Additional configuration
DigitalOcean	`digitalocean`	`DO_AUTH_TOKEN`	Additional configuration
DNSimple	`dnsimple`	`DNSIMPLE_OAUTH_TOKEN`, `DNSIMPLE_BASE_URL`	Additional configuration
DNS Made Easy	`dnsmadeeasy`	`DNSMADEEASY_API_KEY`, `DNSMADEEASY_API_SECRET`, `DNSMADEEASY_SANDBOX`	Additional configuration
DNSPod	`dnspod`	`DNSPOD_API_KEY`	Additional configuration
Domain Offensive (do.de)	`dode`	`DODE_TOKEN`	Additional configuration
DreamHost	`dreamhost`	`DREAMHOST_API_KEY`	Additional configuration
Duck DNS	`duckdns`	`DUCKDNS_TOKEN`	Additional configuration
Dyn	`dyn`	`DYN_CUSTOMER_NAME`, `DYN_USER_NAME`, `DYN_PASSWORD`	Additional configuration
Dynu	`dynu`	`DYNU_API_KEY`	Additional configuration
EasyDNS	`easydns`	`EASYDNS_TOKEN`, `EASYDNS_KEY`	Additional configuration
EdgeDNS	`edgedns`	`AKAMAI_CLIENT_TOKEN`, `AKAMAI_CLIENT_SECRET`, `AKAMAI_ACCESS_TOKEN`	Additional configuration
External Program	`exec`	`EXEC_PATH`	Additional configuration
Exoscale	`exoscale`	`EXOSCALE_API_KEY`, `EXOSCALE_API_SECRET`, `EXOSCALE_ENDPOINT`	Additional configuration
Fast DNS	`fastdns`	`AKAMAI_CLIENT_TOKEN`, `AKAMAI_CLIENT_SECRET`, `AKAMAI_ACCESS_TOKEN`	Additional configuration
Gandi	`gandi`	`GANDI_API_KEY`	Additional configuration
Gandi v5	`gandiv5`	`GANDIV5_API_KEY`	Additional configuration
Glesys	`glesys`	`GLESYS_API_USER`, `GLESYS_API_KEY`, `GLESYS_DOMAIN`	Additional configuration
GoDaddy	`godaddy`	`GODADDY_API_KEY`, `GODADDY_API_SECRET`	Additional configuration
Google Cloud DNS	`gcloud`	`GCE_PROJECT`, Application Default Credentials ² ³, [`GCE_SERVICE_ACCOUNT_FILE`]	Additional configuration
Hetzner	`hetzner`	`HETZNER_API_KEY`	Additional configuration
hosting.de	`hostingde`	`HOSTINGDE_API_KEY`, `HOSTINGDE_ZONE_NAME`	Additional configuration
HTTP request	`httpreq`	`HTTPREQ_ENDPOINT`, `HTTPREQ_MODE`, `HTTPREQ_USERNAME`, `HTTPREQ_PASSWORD` ⁴	Additional configuration
HyperOne	`hyperone`	`HYPERONE_PASSPORT_LOCATION`, `HYPERONE_LOCATION_ID`	Additional configuration
IIJ	`iij`	`IIJ_API_ACCESS_KEY`, `IIJ_API_SECRET_KEY`, `IIJ_DO_SERVICE_CODE`	Additional configuration
Infomaniak	`infomaniak`	`INFOMANIAK_ACCESS_TOKEN`	Additional configuration
INWX	`inwx`	`INWX_USERNAME`, `INWX_PASSWORD`	Additional configuration
Joker.com	`joker`	`JOKER_API_MODE` with `JOKER_API_KEY` or `JOKER_USERNAME`, `JOKER_PASSWORD`	Additional configuration
Lightsail	`lightsail`	`AWS_ACCESS_KEY_ID`, `AWS_SECRET_ACCESS_KEY`, `DNS_ZONE`	Additional configuration
Linode v4	`linode`	`LINODE_TOKEN`	Additional configuration
Liquid Web	`liquidweb`	`LIQUID_WEB_PASSWORD`, `LIQUID_WEB_USERNAME`, `LIQUID_WEB_ZONE`	Additional configuration
LuaDNS	`luadns`	`LUADNS_API_USERNAME`, `LUADNS_API_TOKEN`	Additional configuration
manual	`manual`	none, but you need to run Traefik interactively ⁵, turn on debug log to see instructions and press `Enter`.
MyDNS.jp	`mydnsjp`	`MYDNSJP_MASTER_ID`, `MYDNSJP_PASSWORD`	Additional configuration
Mythic Beasts	`mythicbeasts`	`MYTHICBEASTS_USER_NAME`, `MYTHICBEASTS_PASSWORD`	Additional configuration
Namecheap	`namecheap`	`NAMECHEAP_API_USER`, `NAMECHEAP_API_KEY`	Additional configuration
name.com	`namedotcom`	`NAMECOM_USERNAME`, `NAMECOM_API_TOKEN`, `NAMECOM_SERVER`	Additional configuration
Namesilo	`namesilo`	`NAMESILO_API_KEY`	Additional configuration
Netcup	`netcup`	`NETCUP_CUSTOMER_NUMBER`, `NETCUP_API_KEY`, `NETCUP_API_PASSWORD`	Additional configuration
Netlify	`netlify`	`NETLIFY_TOKEN`	Additional configuration
NIFCloud	`nifcloud`	`NIFCLOUD_ACCESS_KEY_ID`, `NIFCLOUD_SECRET_ACCESS_KEY`	Additional configuration
NS1	`ns1`	`NS1_API_KEY`	Additional configuration
Open Telekom Cloud	`otc`	`OTC_DOMAIN_NAME`, `OTC_USER_NAME`, `OTC_PASSWORD`, `OTC_PROJECT_NAME`, `OTC_IDENTITY_ENDPOINT`	Additional configuration
OVH	`ovh`	`OVH_ENDPOINT`, `OVH_APPLICATION_KEY`, `OVH_APPLICATION_SECRET`, `OVH_CONSUMER_KEY`	Additional configuration
Openstack Designate	`designate`	`OS_AUTH_URL`, `OS_USERNAME`, `OS_PASSWORD`, `OS_TENANT_NAME`, `OS_REGION_NAME`	Additional configuration
Oracle Cloud	`oraclecloud`	`OCI_COMPARTMENT_OCID`, `OCI_PRIVKEY_FILE`, `OCI_PRIVKEY_PASS`, `OCI_PUBKEY_FINGERPRINT`, `OCI_REGION`, `OCI_TENANCY_OCID`, `OCI_USER_OCID`	Additional configuration
PowerDNS	`pdns`	`PDNS_API_KEY`, `PDNS_API_URL`	Additional configuration
Rackspace	`rackspace`	`RACKSPACE_USER`, `RACKSPACE_API_KEY`	Additional configuration
reg.ru	`regru`	`REGRU_USERNAME`, `REGRU_PASSWORD`	Additional configuration
RFC2136	`rfc2136`	`RFC2136_TSIG_KEY`, `RFC2136_TSIG_SECRET`, `RFC2136_TSIG_ALGORITHM`, `RFC2136_NAMESERVER`	Additional configuration
Route 53	`route53`	`AWS_ACCESS_KEY_ID`, `AWS_SECRET_ACCESS_KEY`, `[AWS_REGION]`, `[AWS_HOSTED_ZONE_ID]` or a configured user/instance IAM profile.	Additional configuration
RimuHosting	`rimuhosting`	`RIMUHOSTING_API_KEY`	Additional configuration
Sakura Cloud	`sakuracloud`	`SAKURACLOUD_ACCESS_TOKEN`, `SAKURACLOUD_ACCESS_TOKEN_SECRET`	Additional configuration
Scaleway	`scaleway`	`SCALEWAY_API_TOKEN`	Additional configuration
Selectel	`selectel`	`SELECTEL_API_TOKEN`	Additional configuration
Servercow	`servercow`	`SERVERCOW_USERNAME`, `SERVERCOW_PASSWORD`	Additional configuration
Stackpath	`stackpath`	`STACKPATH_CLIENT_ID`, `STACKPATH_CLIENT_SECRET`, `STACKPATH_STACK_ID`	Additional configuration
TransIP	`transip`	`TRANSIP_ACCOUNT_NAME`, `TRANSIP_PRIVATE_KEY_PATH`	Additional configuration
VegaDNS	`vegadns`	`SECRET_VEGADNS_KEY`, `SECRET_VEGADNS_SECRET`, `VEGADNS_URL`	Additional configuration
Versio	`versio`	`VERSIO_USERNAME`, `VERSIO_PASSWORD`	Additional configuration
Vscale	`vscale`	`VSCALE_API_TOKEN`	Additional configuration
VULTR	`vultr`	`VULTR_API_KEY`	Additional configuration
Yandex	`yandex`	`YANDEX_PDD_TOKEN`	Additional configuration
Zone.ee	`zoneee`	`ZONEEE_API_USER`, `ZONEEE_API_KEY`	Additional configuration
Zonomi	`zonomi`	`ZONOMI_API_KEY`	Additional configuration

!!! info "delayBeforeCheck" By default, the provider verifies the TXT record before letting ACME verify. You can delay this operation by specifying a delay (in seconds) with delayBeforeCheck (value must be greater than zero). This option is useful when internal networks block external DNS queries.

`resolvers`

Use custom DNS servers to resolve the FQDN authority.

[certificatesResolvers.myresolver.acme]
  # ...
  [certificatesResolvers.myresolver.acme.dnsChallenge]
    # ...
    resolvers = ["1.1.1.1:53", "8.8.8.8:53"]

certificatesResolvers:
  myresolver:
    acme:
      # ...
      dnsChallenge:
        # ...
        resolvers:
          - "1.1.1.1:53"
          - "8.8.8.8:53"

# ...
--certificatesresolvers.myresolver.acme.dnschallenge.resolvers=1.1.1.1:53,8.8.8.8:53

Wildcard Domains

ACME V2 supports wildcard certificates. As described in Let's Encrypt's post wildcard certificates can only be generated through a DNS-01 challenge.

More Configuration

`caServer`

Required, Default="https://acme-v02.api.letsencrypt.org/directory"

The CA server to use:

Let's Encrypt production server: https://acme-v02.api.letsencrypt.org/directory
Let's Encrypt staging server: https://acme-staging-v02.api.letsencrypt.org/directory

??? example "Using the Let's Encrypt staging server"

```toml tab="File (TOML)"
[certificatesResolvers.myresolver.acme]
  # ...
  caServer = "https://acme-staging-v02.api.letsencrypt.org/directory"
  # ...
```

```yaml tab="File (YAML)"
certificatesResolvers:
  myresolver:
    acme:
      # ...
      caServer: https://acme-staging-v02.api.letsencrypt.org/directory
      # ...
```

```bash tab="CLI"
# ...
--certificatesresolvers.myresolver.acme.caserver=https://acme-staging-v02.api.letsencrypt.org/directory
# ...
```

`storage`

Required, Default="acme.json"

The storage option sets the location where your ACME certificates are saved to.

[certificatesResolvers.myresolver.acme]
  # ...
  storage = "acme.json"
  # ...

certificatesResolvers:
  myresolver:
    acme:
      # ...
      storage: acme.json
      # ...

# ...
--certificatesresolvers.myresolver.acme.storage=acme.json
# ...

ACME certificates are stored in a JSON file that needs to have a 600 file mode.

In Docker you can mount either the JSON file, or the folder containing it:

docker run -v "/my/host/acme.json:/acme.json" traefik

docker run -v "/my/host/acme:/etc/traefik/acme" traefik

!!! warning For concurrency reasons, this file cannot be shared across multiple instances of Traefik.

`preferredChain`

Optional, Default=""

Preferred chain to use.

If the CA offers multiple certificate chains, prefer the chain with an issuer matching this Subject Common Name. If no match, the default offered chain will be used.

[certificatesResolvers.myresolver.acme]
  # ...
  preferredChain = "ISRG Root X1"
  # ...

certificatesResolvers:
  myresolver:
    acme:
      # ...
      preferredChain: 'ISRG Root X1'
      # ...

# ...
--certificatesresolvers.myresolver.acme.preferredChain="ISRG Root X1"
# ...

`keyType`

Optional, Default="RSA4096"

KeyType used for generating certificate private key. Allow value 'EC256', 'EC384', 'RSA2048', 'RSA4096', 'RSA8192'.

[certificatesResolvers.myresolver.acme]
  # ...
  keyType = "RSA4096"
  # ...

certificatesResolvers:
  myresolver:
    acme:
      # ...
      keyType: 'RSA4096'
      # ...

# ...
--certificatesresolvers.myresolver.acme.keyType="RSA4096"
# ...

Fallback

If Let's Encrypt is not reachable, the following certificates will apply:

Previously generated ACME certificates (before downtime)
Expired ACME certificates
Provided certificates

!!! important For new (sub)domains which need Let's Encrypt authentication, the default Traefik certificate will be used until Traefik is restarted.

The Global API Key needs to be used, not the Origin CA Key. ↩︎
providing_credentials_to_your_application ↩︎
google/default.go ↩︎
more information about the HTTP message format can be found here ↩︎
docker stack remark: there is no way to support terminal attached to container when deploying with docker stack, so you might need to run container with docker run -it to generate certificates using manual provider. ↩︎

39 KiB Raw Blame History

Let's Encrypt

Certificate Resolvers

Domain Definition

Configuration Examples

Automatic Renewals

Using LetsEncrypt with Kubernetes

The Different ACME Challenges

tlsChallenge

httpChallenge

dnsChallenge

providers

resolvers

Wildcard Domains

More Configuration

caServer

storage

preferredChain

keyType

Fallback

39 KiB

Raw Blame History

`tlsChallenge`

`httpChallenge`

`dnsChallenge`

`providers`

`resolvers`

`caServer`

`storage`

`preferredChain`

`keyType`